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PURPOSE: Periprosthetic femoral fractures (PPFs) around the hip are challenging complications in orthopaedic surgery, particularly Vancouver type B2 (VTB2) fractures. The surgical management of these fractures is crucial and depends on various factors. Cementless short taper stem with plate osteosynthesis is an alternative surgical technique. This study aims to compare the outcomes of this surgical technique with revision arthroplasty (RA) with long stem in the treatment of VTB2 PPFs...

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a multisystem disorder characterized by bilateral granulomatous panuveitis resulting in serous retinal detachments, disk edema, and a sunset glow fundus development. Furthermore, it is associated with various extraocular findings, such as tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, poliosis, and vitiligo (1). VKH is considered to be an autoimmune disease mediated by T-cells targeting melanocyte antigen tyrosinase peptide (2). Moreover, VKH more often occurs in individuals with a genetic predisposition to the disease, including those of Asian and Hispanic heritage (3)...

Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) classically presents as an aggressive fungal infection that can spread beyond its origin in the sinuses in immunocompromised patients. Although there have been reports of AIFS in immunocompetent, non-diabetic patients, it is extremely rare and the true mechanism behind it is unknown. A thirty-eight year old immunocompetent, non-diabetic woman underwent bilateral ESS for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps at a tertiary care center and post-operatively developed AIFS...

INTRODUCTION: Total hip arthroplasty implant choice profoundly affects survivorship, complications, and failure modes. This study evaluates the long-term (average 18 year) outcomes of ceramic-on-ceramic hip arthroplasty using uncemented shells and stems. Despite an impressive 20-year cumulative percent revision (CPR) of 5.9%, the hydroxyapatite proximally coated femoral components evaluated in this study have seen declining use since 2003. METHODS: A review of 349 consecutive total hip arthroplasties from 1999 to 2007 were matched to 272 cases with registry data...

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic dermatosis that is challenging to diagnose and treat. Clinicians frequently use fast-acting corticosteroids, which are subsequently combined with slower-acting immunosuppressants to progressively taper the corticosteroid dosage. Current research is focused on the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against target molecules involved in the pathogenesis of PG. However, available data on their efficacy are based on sporadic case reports and clinical experiences, so the authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy of risankizumab, an anti-interleukin-23 mAb, in the management of two complex PG cases...

Alkyl borane compounds-mediated polymerizations have expanded to Lewis pair polymerization, free radical polymerization, ionic ring-opening polymerization, and polyhomologation. The bifunctional organoborane catalysts that contain the Lewis acid and ammonium or phosphonium salt in one molecule have demonstrated superior catalytic performance for ring-opening polymerization of epoxides and ring-opening copolymerization of epoxides and CO2 than their two-component analogues, i.e., the blend of organoborane and ammonium or phosphonium salt...

OBJECTIVE: To discuss current evidence on tapering antipsychotic drugs in view of changing vistas of psychosis, suggesting a provisional framework for safely tapering antipsychotic drugs to an optimal low dose, in collaboration with patients and their relatives, to promote functional recovery while preventing relapse. METHODS: Paradigm shifts during recent years regarding the nature of psychotic disorders and the role of the dopamine system are discussed, including the positive effects of dopamine blockade in acute psychosis and the limitations and drawbacks of dopamine blockade regarding negative and cognitive symptoms after remission of positive symptoms...

In pediatric-aged patients, hyperthyroidism generally results from the autoimmune disorder, Graves' disease (GD). Excessive levels of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) result in irritability, emotional lability, nervousness, tremors, palpitations, tachycardia, and arrhythmias. The risk of morbidity and mortality is increased when surgical intervention is required in patients with hyperthyroidism due to the potential for the development of thyroid storm (TS). A 3-year, 1-month-old child with a past medical history of GD presented for total thyroidectomy when pharmacologic control with methimazole was not feasible due to intolerance following development of a serum sickness-like illness...

UNLABELLED: Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a potentially lethal subtype of myocarditis. Herein, we report a case of a 22-year-old woman with GCM who was successfully treated with prednisolone monotherapy. The patient had a fever and shortness of breath and was referred to our hospital. Laboratory test results revealed elevated troponin I levels. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) showed high intensity in the inferoseptal segment of the left ventricle on T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery imaging without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), suggesting predominant edema rather than necrosis...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to design a modified passive-deflation sealer injection needle and investigate its ability to improve obturation quality of single-cone technique through assessing the distribution of voids in root canals using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight mandibular incisors were divided into eight groups (n = 6), according to the taper of root canal preparation (0.06 or 0.04), the needle used for sealer injection (modified or commercial iRoot SP injection needle), and the obturation method (iRoot SP sealer-only or single-cone obturation)...

As histopathological aspects of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are often lacking, there can be controversies regarding their angioarchitecture. Depending on various statements or DAVF types, the shunts may be situated directly on the sinuses, at the confluence of sinuses and cortical veins, in adjacent vascular structures surrounding the sinus or even in the bone.1-5 Comprehensive knowledge of the intricate arteriovenous shunt anatomy is crucial for the secure and effective management of DAVFs.1 It has been confirmed that the dural arteries communicate with crack-like veins that connect one or more dural veins near the affected sinuses...

INTRODUCTION: It is rare for two critical diseases, namely a giant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD), to be detected simultaneously, and in such instances, management is extremely difficult. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 64-year-old man who presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of sudden back pain and vomiting was diagnosed with acute retrograde TAAD and a giant AAA with chronic contained rupture (CCR) via computed tomography...

BACKGROUND: Modular dual mobility (DM) bearings have a junction between a cobalt chrome alloy (CoCrMo) liner and titanium shell, and the risk of tribocorrosion at this interface remains a concern. The purpose of this study was to determine whether liner malseating and liner designs are associated with taper tribocorrosion. METHODS: We evaluated 28 retrieved modular DM implants with a mean in situ duration of 14.6 months (range, 1 to 83). There were two manufacturers included (12 and 16 liners, respectively)...

BACKGROUND: Stent underexpansion, typically related to lesion calcification, is the strongest predictor of adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although uncommon, underexpansion may also occur in non-severely calcified lesions. AIM: We sought to identify the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of underexpansion in non-severely calcified lesions. METHODS: We included 993 patients who underwent optical coherence tomography-guided PCI of 1051 de novo lesions with maximum calcium arc <180°...

Eosinophilia is known to be associated with a multitude of co-morbidities. However, unexplained eosinophilia poses a diagnostic challenge, and the methods used to investigate unexplained eosinophilia vary from region to region. In this case report, we describe a unique case of a young female presenting with marked eosinophilia to a tertiary hospital in the northeastern United States. Our patient presented with a few weeks of lower extremity rash, gait instability, and new onset marked eosinophilia. We further report the investigations undertaken during the hospitalization to highlight the broad differential diagnoses...

We describe a case of an Asian-Indian female patient who presented to us with abnormal fat accumulations in the torso and upper arms following indiscriminate use of corticosteroid and anabolic steroids for about 7 years. Despite prolonged steroid use, the patient did not display cushingoid phenotype or metabolic decompensation. Bone density, echocardiography, and ultrasonogram of the liver were also normal with no evidence of excess pericardial fat, hepatic steatosis, or peliosis hepatis. Concurrent use of anabolic androgen is thought to be protective against the ill effects of steroids, especially on the muscle and bone...

BACKGROUND: Desmoplakin (DSP) cardiomyopathy is a rare genetic condition characterized by repeated inflammatory myocardial injury and is associated with ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis is challenging and requires a combination of genetic testing and advanced imaging techniques. CASE SUMMARY: We present the case of a 38-year-old woman with recurrent episodes of subclinical myocarditis. Investigation using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and genetic testing revealed a diagnosis of DSP cardiomyopathy...

Mucopolysaccharidosis type 10 is caused by biallelic variants in ARSK, which encodes for a lysosomal sulfatase. To date, seven patients with a mild phenotype resembling spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia or multiple epiphyseal dysplasia have been described. In this report, we present two novel ARSK variants and report clinical and radiological findings of three patients. The patients' initial complaints were hip or knee pain and a waddling gait. All patients showed normal intelligence, normal hearing and eye examinations, and none had organomegaly...

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients are increasingly affected by chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction. The reported incidence of this condition vary significantly across different studies. HYPOTHESIS: A better comprehensive understanding of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction incidence in cancer patients is imperative. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to establish the overall incidence of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction in cancer patients. METHODS: We searched articles in PubMed and EMBASE from database inception to May 1, 2023...