keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536107/benchmarking-machine-learning-based-real-time-respiratory-signal-predictors-in-4d-sbrt
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas Wimmert, Maximilian Nielsen, Frederic Madesta, Tobias Gauer, Christian Hofmann, Rene Werner
BACKGROUND: Stereotactic body radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors has to account for respiratory intrafractional tumor motion. Commonly, an external breathing signal is continuously acquired that serves as a surrogate of the tumor motion and forms the basis of strategies like breathing-guided imaging and gated dose delivery. However, due to inherent system latencies, there exists a temporal lag between the acquired respiratory signal and the system response. Respiratory signal prediction models aim to compensate for the time delays and to improve imaging and dose delivery...
March 27, 2024: Medical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536044/acetazolamide-as-an-effective-treatment-for-pilomotor-seizures-in-autoimmune-encephalitis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kia Gilani, Apameh Tarazi, Richard Wennberg
Pilomotor seizures are strongly associated with autoimmune encephalitis (AE), particularly anti-LGI1 encephalitis. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide may have special efficacy for treating AE-associated pilomotor seizures. Six patients with AE (five anti-LGI1, one seronegative) and temporal lobe pilomotor seizures (five with seizures inducible by hyperventilation) were treated with acetazolamide, administered in a cycling (2-days-ON, 4-days-OFF) regimen to offset tolerance. Seizures were assessed during epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) recordings in four inpatients (one of whom also maintained an outpatient seizure diary chronicling 1203 seizures over 1079 days); two outpatients self-reported seizure frequencies...
March 27, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536013/electroclinical-features-of-myoclonic-tonic-and-spasm-tonic-seizures-in-childhood
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed Taha, Douglas R Nordli, Shawn Kacker, Audrey Oetomo, Chalongchai Phitsanuwong, Douglas R Nordli
Myoclonic-tonic (MT) and spasm-tonic (ST) seizures represent distinctive features in late infantile epileptic encephalopathy (LIEE). This commentary aims to delineate the electroclinical characteristics of MT and ST seizures, setting them apart from other seizure types. Our analysis encompasses 211 ST and MT seizures observed in 31 patients diagnosed with LIEE, providing a comprehensive overview of video-EEG features and polygraphic signatures. In MT seizures, EEG findings reveal a high-voltage diffuse spike/polyspike and wave discharge, often succeeded by diffuse electrodecrements...
March 27, 2024: Epileptic Disorders: International Epilepsy Journal with Videotape
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536003/unconventional-superconducting-diode-effects-via-antisymmetry-and-antisymmetry-breaking
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chong Li, Yang-Yang Lyu, Wen-Cheng Yue, Peiyuan Huang, Haojie Li, Tianyu Li, Chen-Guang Wang, Zixiong Yuan, Ying Dong, Xiaoyu Ma, Xuecou Tu, Tao Tao, Sining Dong, Liang He, Xiaoqing Jia, Guozhu Sun, Lin Kang, Huabing Wang, Francois M Peeters, Milorad V Milošević, Peiheng Wu, Yong-Lei Wang
Symmetry breaking plays a pivotal role in unlocking intriguing properties and functionalities in material systems. For example, the breaking of spatial and temporal symmetries leads to a fascinating phenomenon: the superconducting diode effect. However, generating and precisely controlling the superconducting diode effect pose significant challenges. Here, we take a novel route with the deliberate manipulation of magnetic charge potentials to realize unconventional superconducting flux-quantum diode effects...
March 27, 2024: Nano Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535910/downscaling-merra-2-reanalysis-pm-2-5-series-over-the-arabian-gulf-by-inverse-distance-weighting-bicubic-spline-smoothing-and-spatio-temporal-kriging
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Youssef Saliba, Alina Bărbulescu
This study offers a detailed analysis of the fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) series in the Arabian Gulf zone, employing three interpolation models, Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Bicubic Spline Smoothing (BSS) and Spatio-Temporal Kriging (STK). Unique advancements include the use of complete temporal records in IDW, the management of edge effects in S with synthetic buffer points, and the application of STK to detrended data residuals. The results indicated that the BBS, particularly adept at handling boundary conditions, significantly outperformed the other methods...
February 25, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535793/the-toxicokinetics-excretion-patterns-and-milk-transmission-of-ochratoxin-a-in-lactating-sows
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiufeng Zhu, Honglei Qu, Ruifen Kang, Yunduo Zheng, Qiuying Guo, Shimeng Huang, Lihong Zhao, Qiugang Ma
Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin commonly found in feedstuffs, is known for its detrimental effects on the kidneys and liver, posing significant health risks to animals and humans. This study investigated the toxicokinetics, excretion patterns, and milk transmission of Ochratoxin A (OTA) in lactating sows. The sows were administered a single oral dose of 500 μg/kg BW (body weight), followed by the systematic sampling of plasma, feces, urine, and milk. Plasma samples were collected at 0, 5, 15, and 30 min, and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, 88, 96, and 120 h post administration...
March 1, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535773/photon-counting-computed-tomography-for-accurate-cribriform-plate-lamina-cribrosa-imaging-in-adult-patients
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Klempka, Eduardo Ackermann, Sven Clausen, Christoph Groden
Detailed visualization of the cribriform plate is challenging due to its intricate structure. This study investigates how computed tomography (CT) with a novel photon counting (PC) detector enhance cribriform plate visualization compared to traditionally used energy-integrated detectors in patients. A total of 40 patients were included in a retrospective analysis, with half of them undergoing PC CT (Naeotom Alpha Siemens Healthineers, Forchheim, Germany) and the other half undergoing CT scans using an energy-integrated detector (Somatom Sensation 64, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) in which the cribriform plate was visualized with a temporal bone protocol...
March 8, 2024: Tomography: a Journal for Imaging Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535760/daytime-changes-in-tear-film-parameters-and-visual-acuity-with-new-generation-daily-disposable-silicone-hydrogel-contact-lenses-a-double-masked-study-in-symptomatic-subjects
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rute J Macedo-de-Araújo, Laura Rico-Del-Viejo, Vicente Martin-Montañez, António Queirós, José M González-Méijome
This prospective, double-masked, contralateral study aimed to analyze and compare daytime changes in pre-lens tear film (PLTF) stability and optical quality in symptomatic subjects wearing two contact lenses (CL). A secondary goal was to assess the performance of the PLTF by using dynamic topography techniques and analyzing surface asymmetry and irregularity indexes (SAI and SRI, respectively). Measurements were conducted on 20 symptomatic subjects (OSDI score > 13). Participants were fitted contralaterally and randomly with spherical Delefilcon A and Stenfilcon A CLs and underwent a series of measurements over 3 consecutive days: three in the morning (after 1-2 h of CL wear) and three in the afternoon (after 7-9 h of CL wear)...
March 5, 2024: Vision
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535595/epidemiology-clinical-signs-and-risk-factors-associated-with-theileriosis-in-australian-cattle-2006-2022
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Onizawa, Cheryl Jenkins
For over a decade, bovine anaemia caused by Theileria orientalis Ikeda has been a significant disease in the Australian cattle industry. In this study, we conducted a spatial and temporal analysis of theileriosis in Australia using historic data from submissions to the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (NSW DPI) from 2006 to 2022, where herd history, clinical signs, and PCR results were available. Since the first detections of bovine theileriosis in the Sydney area in 2006, the disease spread north- and southward and is now endemic to the southeast coast of Australia, closely mirroring the distribution of the principal vector Haemaphysalis longicornis...
March 15, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535283/membranes-and-synaptosomes-used-to-investigate-synaptic-gabaergic-currents-in-epileptic-patients
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Gaeta, Lilian Juliana Lissner, Veronica Alfano, Pierangelo Cifelli, Alessandra Morano, Cristina Roseti, Angela Di Iacovo, Eleonora Aronica, Eleonora Palma, Gabriele Ruffolo
Among the most prevalent neurological disorders, epilepsy affects about 1% of the population worldwide. We previously found, using human epileptic tissues, that GABAergic neurotransmission impairment is a key mechanism that drives the pathological phenomena that ultimately lead to generation and recurrence of seizures. Using both a "microtransplantation technique" and synaptosomes preparations from drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsies (TLEs), we used the technique of two-electrode voltage clamp to record GABA-evoked currents, focusing selectively on the synaptic "fast inhibition" mediated by low-affinity GABAA receptors...
March 2, 2024: Membranes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535111/rna-binding-proteins-in-cardiomyopathies
#31
REVIEW
De-Li Shi
The post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays an important role in heart development and disease. Cardiac-specific alternative splicing, mediated by RNA-binding proteins, orchestrates the isoform switching of proteins that are essential for cardiomyocyte organization and contraction. Dysfunctions of RNA-binding proteins impair heart development and cause the main types of cardiomyopathies, which represent a heterogenous group of abnormalities that severely affect heart structure and function...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535075/anterior-scleral-thickness-and-anterior-segment-biometrics-measured-with-swept-source-ocular-coherence-tomography-in-high-myopic-eyes-with-and-without-glaucoma-a-comparative-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bachar Kudsieh, Rocio Vega-González, Sofia Bryan, Elena Almazan-Alonso, Mariluz Puertas, Lucia Gutiérrez-Martin, Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, Muhsen Samaan, Jose Maria Ruiz-Moreno
Background : To assess the anterior scleral thickness (AST), Schlemm's canal diameter (SCD), trabecular meshwork diameter (TMD) and conjunctiva tenon capsule thickness (CTT) in high myopic (HM) subjects and HM subjects with glaucoma (HMG) compared to control eyes. Methods: One hundred and twenty eyes were included, and AST at 0, 1, 2 and 3 mm from the scleral spur, SCD, TMD and CTT were measured. Results : Mean age was 64.2 ± 11.0 years, and the temporal SCD and temporal TMD were significantly longer in the HMG subjects compared to the controls (380...
March 20, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534988/structural-brain-connectivity-and-treatment-improvement-in-mood-disorder
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sébastien Dam, Jean-Marie Batail, Gabriel Hadrien Robert, Dominique Drapier, Pierre Maurel, Julie Coloigner
BACKGROUND: The treatment of depressive episodes is well established, with clearly demonstrated effectiveness of antidepressants and psychotherapies. However, more than one-third of depressed patients do not respond to treatment. Identifying the brain structural basis of treatment-resistant depression could prevent useless pharmacological prescriptions, adverse events, and lost therapeutic opportunities. METHODS: Using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, we performed structural connectivity analyses on a cohort of 154 patients with mood disorder (MD) - and 77 sex- and age-matched healthy control (HC) participants...
March 27, 2024: Brain Connectivity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534860/a-two-layer-self-organizing-map-with-vector-symbolic-architecture-for-spatiotemporal-sequence-learning-and-prediction
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thimal Kempitiya, Damminda Alahakoon, Evgeny Osipov, Sachin Kahawala, Daswin De Silva
We propose a new nature- and neuro-science-inspired algorithm for spatiotemporal learning and prediction based on sequential recall and vector symbolic architecture. A key novelty is the learning of spatial and temporal patterns as decoupled concepts where the temporal pattern sequences are constructed using the learned spatial patterns as an alphabet of elements. The decoupling, motivated by cognitive neuroscience research, provides the flexibility for fast and adaptive learning with dynamic changes to data and concept drift and as such is better suited for real-time learning and prediction...
March 13, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534803/incidence-of-non-melanoma-skin-cancers-in-salento-southern-italy-a-15-year-retrospective-analysis-from-the-cancer-registry-of-lecce
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emiliano Sordi, Prisco Piscitelli, Carla Albanese, Anna Melcarne, Anna Tardio, Fabrizio Quarta, Enrico Greco, Alessandro Miani, Andrea Falco, Elisabetta De Matteis, Maurizio Congedo, Adele Civino
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), as well as a wide range of rare skin tumors. NMSCs is the most frequently diagnosed type of tumor among Caucasians. We aimed at estimating the incidence and mortality of NMSCs in the Salento area (Lecce province, Southern Italy), whose population is assumed to experience heavy and frequent sun exposure due to climatic/environmental factors, both for working and leisure activities...
December 21, 2023: Epidemiologia (Basel)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534802/temporal-considerations-in-brain-metastases-radiation-therapy-the-intersection-of-chronobiology-and-patient-profiles
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas G Nelson, Sara E Burke, Louis Cappelli, Lauren E Matlack, Alexandria P Smith, Noelle Francois, Joseph F Lombardo, Yash B Shah, Kuang-Yi Wen, Ayesha A Shafi, Nicole L Simone
The circadian system, a vital temporal regulator influencing physiological processes, has implications for cancer development and treatment response. Our study assessed circadian timing's impact on whole-brain radiotherapy outcomes in brain metastases for personalized cancer therapy insights. The aim of the study was to evaluate circadian influence on radiation treatment timing and its correlation with clinical outcomes and to identify patient populations benefiting from interventions synchronizing circadian rhythms, considering subgroup differences and potential disparities...
March 21, 2024: Clocks & Sleep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534795/opposite-and-differently-altered-postmortem-changes-in-h3-and-h3k9me3-patterns-in-the-rat-frontal-cortex-and-hippocampus
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Dulka, Noémi Lajkó, Kálmán Nacsa, Karoly Gulya
Temporal and spatial epigenetic modifications in the brain occur during ontogenetic development, pathophysiological disorders, and aging. When epigenetic marks, such as histone methylations, in brain autopsies or biopsy samples are studied, it is critical to understand their postmortem/surgical stability. For this study, the frontal cortex and hippocampus of adult rats were removed immediately (controls) or after a postmortem delay of 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, or 150 min. The patterns of unmodified H3 and its trimethylated form H3K9me3 were analyzed in frozen samples for Western blot analysis and in formalin-fixed tissues embedded in paraffin for confocal microscopy...
March 18, 2024: Epigenomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534639/regional-scale-analysis-of-antimicrobial-usage-in-smallholder-cattle-herds-aosta-valley-italy-why-surveillance-matters
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federico Scali, Sandra Ganio, Claudio Roullet, Mauro Ruffier, Stefania Bergagna, Giulia Pagliasso, Claudia Romeo, Nicoletta Formenti, Antonio Marco Maisano, Giovanni Santucci, Matteo Tonni, Federica Guadagno, Francesca Mazza, Flavia Guarneri, Giorgio Bontempi, Loredana Candela, Giovanni Loris Alborali
Optimising antimicrobial usage (AMU) in livestock is pivotal to counteract the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. We analysed AMU in more than 1000 cattle herds over 11 years (2008-2018) in the Aosta Valley (Italy), a region where 80% of farms house less than 50 cattle. Dairy cows accounted for over 95% of AMU. AMU was estimated using the defined daily dose animal for Italy (DDDAit) per biomass for the whole herd and a treatment incidence 100 (TI100 ) for cows. Average annual herd-level AMU was low, with 3...
February 22, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534525/contactless-blood-oxygen-saturation-estimation-from-facial-videos-using-deep-learning
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chun-Hong Cheng, Zhikun Yuen, Shutao Chen, Kwan-Long Wong, Jing-Wei Chin, Tsz-Tai Chan, Richard H Y So
Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) is an essential physiological parameter for evaluating a person's health. While conventional SpO2 measurement devices like pulse oximeters require skin contact, advanced computer vision technology can enable remote SpO2 monitoring through a regular camera without skin contact. In this paper, we propose novel deep learning models to measure SpO2 remotely from facial videos and evaluate them using a public benchmark database, VIPL-HR. We utilize a spatial-temporal representation to encode SpO2 information recorded by conventional RGB cameras and directly pass it into selected convolutional neural networks to predict SpO2 ...
March 4, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534513/computational-rhinology-unraveling-discrepancies-between-in-silico-and-in-vivo-nasal-airflow-assessments-for-enhanced-clinical-decision-support
#40
REVIEW
Sverre Gullikstad Johnsen
Computational rhinology is a specialized branch of biomechanics leveraging engineering techniques for mathematical modelling and simulation to complement the medical field of rhinology. Computational rhinology has already contributed significantly to advancing our understanding of the nasal function, including airflow patterns, mucosal cooling, particle deposition, and drug delivery, and is foreseen as a crucial element in, e.g., the development of virtual surgery as a clinical, patient-specific decision support tool...
February 28, 2024: Bioengineering
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