Manganese isotope tracer

Radium isotopes have traditionally been used as tracers of surface and underground fresh waters in land-ocean interactions. The concentration of these isotopes is most effective on sorbents containing mixed oxides of manganese. During the 116 RV Professor Vodyanitsky cruise (22 April-17 May 2021), a study about the possibility and efficiency of 226 Ra and 228 Ra recovery from seawater using various types of sorbents was conducted. The influence of seawater flow rate on the sorption of 226 Ra and 228 Ra isotopes was estimated...

The ubiquity of microplastics in the environment has attracted much attention on their risks. Though newly produced plastics were considered inert to aqueous metals, a few studies suggest aged microplastics can accumulate metals. Still, knowledge gap exists on the comparability of metal accumulation in field condition and that acquired in controlled laboratory settings. Accordingly, we comparatively assessed the field accumulation and laboratory adsorption of metals on aged microplastics in coastal waters. Microplastics of different polymeric types were aged for 8 weeks at three coastal sites with different contamination levels...

The uranium (U) concentrations and isotopic composition of waters and sediment cores were used to investigate the transport and accumulation of U in a water system (tailings pond, two lakes, and the Kalix River) receiving mine waters from the Kiruna mine. Concentrations of dissolved U decrease two orders of magnitude between the inflow of mine waters and in the Kalix River, while the concentration of the element bound to particulate matter increases, most likely due to sorption on iron‑manganese hydroxides and organic matter...

Molybdenum (Mo) is a redox-sensitive element and its concentrations and stable isotope compositions are widely used as a redox proxy in paleoceanography. Tungsten (W) is an emerging new isotope proxy, which has potential as a tracer for hydrothermal and early diagenetic processes. We present a new method for the precise and accurate analysis of Mo and W concentrations and isotope compositions from one single sample aliquot, thus saving mass of a sample and making the results directly comparable without concerns related to analytical or natural sample heterogeneity...

Manganese has long been employed as a T1 -shortening agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications, but these techniques are limited by the biotoxicity of bulk-manganese. Positron emission tomography (PET) offers superior contrast sensitivity compared with MRI, and recent preclinical PET studies employing 52g Mn (t1/2 : 5.6 d, β+ : 29%) show promise for a variety of applications including cell tracking, neural tract tracing, immunoPET, and functional β-cell mass quantification. The half-life and confounding gamma emissions of 52g Mn are prohibitive to clinical translation, but the short-lived 51 Mn (t1/2 : 46 min, β+ : 97%) represents a viable alternative...

Manganese (Mn) cycling in the Critical Zone is important because of its role as an essential nutrient and potential toxicity to plants and organisms. Quantifying Mn enrichment in terrestrial environments has been limited since Mn is monoisotopic. However, elemental ratios of Mn/Ca ratios may be used to determine spatial Mn enrichment and in aboveground and belowground pools. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial variation in Mn concentrations and Mn/Ca ratios in foliage, bolewood, forest floor, and mineral soil horizons across the northeastern United States and compare Mn/Ca ratios to estimate enrichment...

Manganese is biogeochemically cycled between aqueous Mn(II) and Mn(IV) oxides. Aqueous Mn(II) often coexists with Mn(IV) oxides, and redox reactions between the two (e.g., comproportionation) are well known to result in the formation of Mn(III) minerals. It is unknown, however, whether aqueous Mn(II) exchanges with structural Mn(III) in manganese oxides in the absence of any mineral transformation (similar to what has been reported for aqueous Fe(II) and some Fe(III) minerals). To probe whether atoms exchange between a Mn(III) oxide and water, we use a (17)O tracer to measure oxygen isotope exchange between structural oxygen in manganite (γ-MnOOH) and water...

Radiolabelling using isotopic mixtures of (52g/55)Mn(ii) offers fast and easy access to new small molecule PET/MR tracers, composed of chemically identical reporting units. trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (CDTA) was radiolabelled with carrier-added (52g)Mn(ii) in >99% radiochemical yield, producing the first manganese-based bimodal PET/MR probe. The Mn-CDTA chelate was shown to be very stable to air oxidation and sufficiently inert to decomplexation in blood serum. These data sparked our interest in functionalized CDTA ligands for the design of optimized PET/MR tracers...

A conventional balance study with growing rats was conducted to evaluate experimental conditions for determining endogenous fecal manganese (Mn) excretion and, hence, true Mn absorption by the isotope-dilution technique. Thirty-four rats, with a mean initial live weight of 60 g, allotted to three groups of 8 animals and one group of 10 animals, were injected intramuscularly with a(54)Mn tracer dose and sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, and 16 d, respectively.In liver and serum, the specific radioactivity of Mn was the lowest among the tissues analyzed and its exponential rate of decrease over the period of d 4-16 was the highest...

Settlement ponds are used to treat aquaculture discharge water by removing nutrients through physical (settling) and biological (microbial transformation) processes. Nutrient removal through settling has been quantified, however, the occurrence of, and potential for microbial nitrogen (N) removal is largely unknown in these systems. Therefore, isotope tracer techniques were used to measure potential rates of denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in the sediment of settlement ponds in tropical aquaculture systems...

Sequential leaching experiments on coal utilization by-products (CUB) were coupled with chemical and strontium (Sr) isotopic analyses to better understand the influence of coal type and combustion processes on CUB properties and the release of elements during interaction with environmental waters during disposal. Class C fly ash tended to release the highest quantity of minor and trace elements-including alkaline earth elements, sodium, chromium, copper, manganese, lead, titanium, and zinc-during sequential extraction, with bottom ash yielding the lowest...

Previous work has shown uranium (U) isotope fractionation between natural ferromanganese crusts and seawater. Understanding the mechanism that causes (238)U/(235)U fractionation during adsorption to ferromanganese oxides is a critical step in the utilization of (238)U/(235)U as a tracer of U adsorption reactions in groundwater as well as a potential marine paleoredox proxy. We conducted U adsorption experiments using synthetic K-birnessite and U-bearing solutions. These experiments revealed a fractionation matching that observed between seawater and natural ferromanganese sediments: adsorbed U is isotopically lighter by ∼0...

Recycled subducted ocean crust has been traced by elevated 187Os/188Os in some studies and by high nickel and low manganese contents in others. Here, we show that these tracers are linked for Quaternary lavas of Iceland, strengthening the recycling model. An estimate of the osmium isotopic composition of both the recycled crust and the mantle peridotite implies that Icelandic Quaternary lavas are derived in part from an ancient crustal component with model ages between 1.1 _ 109 and 1.8 _ 109 years and from a peridotitic end-member close to present-day oceanic mantle...

In this paper are presented the production methods for very "high specific activity" radionuclides (HSA-RN) of vanadium, manganese and thallium which have been developed in our laboratories for labelling different chemical forms of these elements present in the echo-systems in ultra-trace amounts, for metallo-toxicological and bio-kinetic studies. Use was made of both cyclotron and thermal nuclear reactor. If the nuclear reaction product has atomic number different from irradiated target, it is possible separating the radioactive nuclide from irradiated target, without addition of isotopic carrier...

The smallest quantity of carrier Ga and Mn necessary to initiate and maximize a carrier effect was studied in the Morris 7777 rat hepatoma model. The quantity needed for a maximum response did not appear to adversely effect the rats. Not all tissues were equally affected at the same plasma concentrations. If carrier Ga was administered 2 hours following 67Ga injection and the rats sacrificed 30 minutes later, a dramatic change occurred in background activity, which was more pronounced in healthy than malignant tissues...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

1. In the large single muscle fibres from the barnacle Balanus nubilus, the total fibre Mg concentration was estimated as 15.1 m-mole/kg wet wt., of which about 3-3.5 m-mole/kg wet wt. was extracellular. The diffusible Mg, measured by internal sampling, was 11.5 m-mole/kg wet wt., of which at least half may be complexed to larger diffusible molecules. The free ionized Mg level was estimated as < 5 m-mole/kg wet wt.2. The loss of [(28)Mg]MgCl(2) from both Maia and Balanus muscle fibres following axial micro-injection approximated to first-order kinetics...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

A tracer study with broiler chicks was conducted to determine endogenous Mn excretion in response to graded levels of dietary Mn supply by the isotope-dilution method. Starting with 46 day-old chicks, low-Mn diets were fed for 12 days before 8 chicks were slaughtered for assessing the initial Mn status and 38 chicks each were given an intramuscular injection of 555 kBq 54Mn. Four groups of six birds each were fed, one bird per cage, diets containing 2.8, 9.1, 25.8, and 59.7 ppm Mn for 16 days before slaughter and carcass analyses...