Use the keywords feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up#1
Aaron M Ver Heul, Madison Mack, Lydia Zamidar, Masato Tamari, Ting-Lin Yang, Anna M Trier, Do-Hyun Kim, Hannah Janzen-Meza, Steven J Van Dyken, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Jenny M Karo, Joseph C Sun, Brian S Kim
Antigen specificity is the central trait distinguishing adaptive from innate immune function. Assembly of antigen-specific T cell and B cell receptors occurs through V(D)J recombination mediated by the Recombinase Activating Gene endonucleases RAG1 and RAG2 (collectively called RAG). In the absence of RAG, mature T and B cells do not develop and thus RAG is critically associated with adaptive immune function. In addition to adaptive T helper 2 (Th2) cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) contribute to type 2 immune responses by producing cytokines like Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13...
April 28, 2024: bioRxiv
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M S Chaffin, E M Cangi, B S Gregory, R V Yelle, J Deighan, R D Elliott, H Gröller
Despite its Earth-like size and source material1,2 , Venus is extremely dry3,4 , indicating near-total water loss to space by means of hydrogen outflow from an ancient, steam-dominated atmosphere5,6 . Such hydrodynamic escape likely removed most of an initial Earth-like 3-km global equivalent layer (GEL) of water but cannot deplete the atmosphere to the observed 3-cm GEL because it shuts down below about 10-100 m GEL5,7 . To complete Venus water loss, and to produce the observed bulk atmospheric enrichment in deuterium of about 120 times Earth8,9 , nonthermal H escape mechanisms still operating today are required10,11 ...
May 6, 2024: Nature
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Castel, F Pradillon, V Cueff, G Leger, C Daguin-Thiébaut, S Ruault, J Mary, S Hourdez, D Jollivet, T Broquet
Molluscs have undergone many transitions between separate sexes and hermaphroditism, which is of interest for studying the evolution of sex determination and differentiation. Here we combined multi-locus genotypes obtained from RAD sequencing with anatomical observations of the gonads for three deep-sea hydrothermal vent gastropods of the genus Alviniconcha living in the southwest Pacific. We found that all three species (A. boucheti, A. strummeri, and A. kojimai) share the same male-heterogametic XY sex determination system, but that the gonads of XX A...
May 3, 2024: Journal of Evolutionary Biology
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viktoria D Roshektaeva, Aleksandr A Alekseev, Alexey D Vedyaykin, Viktor A Vinnik, Dmitrii M Baitin, Irina V Bakhlanova, Georgii E Pobegalov, Mikhail A Khodorkovskii, Natalia E Morozova
The SOS response is a condition that occurs in bacterial cells after DNA damage. In this state, the bacterium is able to reсover the integrity of its genome. Due to the increased level of mutagenesis in cells during the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, the SOS response is also an important mechanism for bacterial adaptation to the antibiotics. One of the key proteins of the SOS response is the SMC-like protein RecN, which helps the RecA recombinase to find a homologous DNA template for repair. In this work, the localization of the recombinant RecN protein in living Escherichia coli cells was revealed using fluorescence microscopy...
April 25, 2024: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linfeng Pan, Linjie Dai, Oliver J Burton, Lu Chen, Virgil Andrei, Youcheng Zhang, Dan Ren, Jinshui Cheng, Linxiao Wu, Kyle Frohna, Anna Abfalterer, Terry Chien-Jen Yang, Wenzhe Niu, Meng Xia, Stephan Hofmann, Paul J Dyson, Erwin Reisner, Henning Sirringhaus, Jingshan Luo, Anders Hagfeldt, Michael Grätzel, Samuel D Stranks
Solar fuels offer a promising approach to provide sustainable fuels by harnessing sunlight1,2 . Following a decade of advancement, Cu2 O photocathodes are capable of delivering a performance comparable to that of photoelectrodes with established photovoltaic materials3-5 . However, considerable bulk charge carrier recombination that is poorly understood still limits further advances in performance6 . Here we demonstrate performance of Cu2 O photocathodes beyond the state-of-the-art by exploiting a new conceptual understanding of carrier recombination and transport in single-crystal Cu2 O thin films...
April 2024: Nature
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanbo Qiu, Xiaohua Yi, Xiaoqin Tang, Yanpei Wei, Beibei Zhang, Shunan Duan, Shuhui Wang, Xiuzhu Sun
Immunoglobulin is an essential component of the body's defense against pathogens, aiding in the recognition and clearance of foreign antigens. Research concerning immunoglobulin gene and its diversity of expression across different breeds within the same species is relatively scarce. In this study, we employed RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) technology, prepared DNA libraries, performed high-throughput sequencing, and conducted related bioinformatics analysis to analyze the differences in immunoglobulin gene diversity and expression at different periods in Hy-line brown hens, Lueyang black-bone chickens, and Beijing-You chickens...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Animal Science
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yujian Wang, Jingchang Luo, Yan Zhao, Jian Zhang, Xiaolu Guan, Li Sun
Vibrio fluvialis is an emerging foodborne pathogen that produces VFH ( Vibrio fluvialis hemolysin) and δVFH (delta- Vibrio fluvialis hemolysin). The function of δVFH is unclear. Currently, no pathogenic V . fluvialis from deep sea has been reported. In this work, a deep-sea V . fluvialis isolate (V13) was examined for pathogenicity. V13 was most closely related to V. fluvialis ATCC 33809, a human isolate, but possessed 262 unique genes. V13 caused lethal infection in fish and induced pyroptosis involving activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase 1 (Casp1), and gasdermin D (GSDMD)...
May 17, 2024: IScience
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heiko Müller, Frank Dicker, Constance Bär, Wencke Walter, Stephan Hutter, Niroshan Nadarajah, Manja Meggendorfer, Qingsong Gao, Ilaria Iacobucci, Charles G Mullighan, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach, Claudia Haferlach
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: HemaSphere
#9
REVIEW
Kevin Struhl
Enhancers are the key regulators of other DNA-based processes by virtue of their unique ability to generate nucleosome-depleted regions in a highly regulated manner. Enhancers regulate cell-type-specific transcription of tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). They are also responsible for the binding of the origin replication complex (ORC) to DNA replication origins, thereby regulating origin utilization, replication timing, and replication-dependent chromosome breaks. Additionally, enhancers regulate V(D)J recombination by increasing access of the recombination-activating gene (RAG) recombinase to target sites and by generating non-coding enhancer RNAs and localized regions of trimethylated histone H3-K4 recognized by the RAG2 PHD domain...
April 19, 2024: Trends in Genetics: TIG
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W A D L R Warnakula, H M V Udayantha, D S Liyanage, E M T Tharanga, W K M Omeka, M A H Dilshan, H A C R Hanchapola, J D H E Jayasinghe, Taehyug Jeong, Qiang Wan, Jehee Lee
Galectin 8 belongs to the tandem repeat subclass of the galectin superfamily. It possesses two homologous carbohydrate recognition domains linked by a short peptide and preferentially binds to β-galactoside-containing glycol-conjugates in a calcium-independent manner. This study identified Galectin-8-like isoform X1 (PhGal8X1) from red-lip mullet (Planiliza haematocheilus) and investigated its role in regulating fish immunity. The open reading frame of PhGal8X1 was 918bp, encoding a soluble protein of 305 amino acids...
April 16, 2024: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xue-Xiu Yu, Ke-Xin Chen, Pan-Pan Yuan, Yu-He Wang, Hua-Xiao Li, Yun-Xiu Zhao, Yi-Jun Dai
The main metabolic product of the pyridinecarboxamide insecticide flonicamid, N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinyl)glycinamide (TFNG-AM), has been shown to have very high mobility in soil, leading to its accumulation in the environment. Catabolic pathways of flonicamid have been widely reported, but few studies have focused on the metabolism of TFNG-AM. Here, the rapid transformation of TFNG-AM and production of the corresponding acid product N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine (TFNG) by the plant growth-promoting bacterium Variovorax boronicumulans CGMCC 4969 were investigated...
April 13, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
#12
REVIEW
Robert W Sobol
Gene knock-out (KO) mouse models for DNA polymerase beta (Polβ) revealed that loss of Polβ leads to neonatal lethality, highlighting the critical organismic role for this DNA polymerase. While biochemical analysis and gene KO cell lines have confirmed its biochemical role in base excision repair and in TET-mediated demethylation, more long-lived mouse models continue to be developed to further define its organismic role. The Polb-KO mouse was the first of the Cre-mediated tissue-specific KO mouse models...
April 15, 2024: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
#13
John Beaulaurier, Lynn Ly, J Andrew Duty, Carly Tyer, Christian Stevens, Chuan-Tien Hung, Akash Sookdeo, Alex W Drong, Shreyas Kowdle, Daniel J Turner, Sissel Juul, Scott Hickey, Benhur Lee
Immunoglobulin (IGH, IGK, IGL) loci in the human genome are highly polymorphic regions that encode the building blocks of the light and heavy chain IG proteins that dimerize to form antibodies. The processes of V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation in B cells are responsible for creating an enormous reservoir of highly specific antibodies capable of binding a vast array of possible antigens. However, the antibody repertoire is fundamentally limited by the set of variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) alleles present in the germline IG loci...
March 29, 2024: bioRxiv
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D C G Rodrigo, H M V Udayantha, W K M Omeka, D S Liyanage, M A H Dilshan, H A C R Hanchapola, Y K Kodagoda, Jihun Lee, Sukkyoung Lee, Taehyug Jeong, Qiang Wan, Jehee Lee
Peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1) is a thiol-specific antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulates the redox status of cells. In this study, the Prdx1 cDNA sequence was isolated from the pre-established Amphiprion clarkii (A. clarkii) (AcPrdx1) transcriptome database and characterized structurally and functionally. The AcPrdx1 coding sequence comprises 597 bp and encodes 198 amino acids with a molecular weight of 22.1 kDa and a predicted theoretical isoelectric point of 6.3. AcPrdx1 is localized and functionally available in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells...
April 2, 2024: Developmental and Comparative Immunology
#15
Brandon Estrem, Richard E Davis, Jianbin Wang
Most DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are harmful to genome integrity. However, some forms of DSBs are essential to biological processes, such as meiotic recombination and V(D)J recombination. DSBs are also required for programmed DNA elimination (PDE) in ciliates and nematodes. In nematodes, the DSBs are healed with telomere addition. While telomere addition sites have been well-characterized, little is known regarding the DSBs that fragment nematode chromosomes. Here, we used embryos from the nematode Ascaris to study the timing of PDE breaks and examine the DSBs and their end processing...
March 16, 2024: bioRxiv
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth C Gardner, Caitlin Tramont, Petra Bachanová, Chad Wang, Hannah Do, Daniel R Boutz, Shaunak Kar, Boris V Zemelman, Jimmy D Gollihar, Andrew D Ellington
P2X receptors are a family of ligand gated ion channels found in a range of eukaryotic species including humans but are not naturally present in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We demonstrate the first recombinant expression and functional gating of the P2X2 receptor in baker's yeast. We leverage the yeast host for facile genetic screens of mutant P2X2 by performing site saturation mutagenesis at residues of interest, including SNPs implicated in deafness and at residues involved in native binding. Deep mutational analysis and rounds of genetic engineering yield mutant P2X2 F303Y A304W, which has altered ligand selectivity towards the ATP analog AMP-PNP...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura R K Niemelä, Essi V Koskela, Alexander D Frey
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a versatile cell factory used for manufacturing of a wide range of products, among them recombinant proteins. Protein folding is one of the rate-limiting processes and this shortcoming is often overcome by the expression of folding catalysts and chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this work, we aimed to establish the impact of ER structure on cellular productivity. The reticulon proteins Rtn1p and Rtn2p, and Yop1p are membrane curvature inducing proteins that define the morphology of the ER and depletion of these proteins creates yeast cells with a higher ER sheet-to-tubule ratio...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Biotechnology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aafke W F Janssen, Wendy Jansen Holleboom, Deborah Rijkers, Jochem Louisse, Sjoerdtje A Hoekstra, Sanne Schild, Misha F Vrolijk, Ron L A P Hoogenboom, Karsten Beekmann
Exposure to PFASs is associated to several adverse health effects, such as immunotoxicity. Immunotoxic effects of PFOA and PFOS, including a reduced antibody response in both experimental animals and humans, have been reported. However, there is limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved. Moreover, there is only a restricted amount of immunotoxicity data available for a limited number of PFASs. In the current study the effects of 15 PFASs, including short- and long-chain perfluorinated carboxylic and sulfonic acids, fluorotelomer alcohols, and perfluoralkyl ether carboxylic acids were studied on the expression of recombinant activating gene 1 ( RAG1 ) and RAG2 in the Namalwa human B lymphoma cell line, and on the human IL-2 promotor activity in Jurkat T-cells...
2024: Frontiers in toxicology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tristan V de Jong, Yanchao Pan, Pasi Rastas, Daniel Munro, Monika Tutaj, Huda Akil, Chris Benner, Denghui Chen, Apurva S Chitre, William Chow, Vincenza Colonna, Clifton L Dalgard, Wendy M Demos, Peter A Doris, Erik Garrison, Aron M Geurts, Hakan M Gunturkun, Victor Guryev, Thibaut Hourlier, Kerstin Howe, Jun Huang, Ted Kalbfleisch, Panjun Kim, Ling Li, Spencer Mahaffey, Fergal J Martin, Pejman Mohammadi, Ayse Bilge Ozel, Oksana Polesskaya, Michal Pravenec, Pjotr Prins, Jonathan Sebat, Jennifer R Smith, Leah C Solberg Woods, Boris Tabakoff, Alan Tracey, Marcela Uliano-Silva, Flavia Villani, Hongyang Wang, Burt M Sharp, Francesca Telese, Zhihua Jiang, Laura Saba, Xusheng Wang, Terence D Murphy, Abraham A Palmer, Anne E Kwitek, Melinda R Dwinell, Robert W Williams, Jun Z Li, Hao Chen
The seventh iteration of the reference genome assembly for Rattus norvegicus-mRatBN7.2-corrects numerous misplaced segments and reduces base-level errors by approximately 9-fold and increases contiguity by 290-fold compared with its predecessor. Gene annotations are now more complete, improving the mapping precision of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomics datasets. We jointly analyzed 163 short-read whole-genome sequencing datasets representing 120 laboratory rat strains and substrains using mRatBN7.2. We defined ∼20...
March 22, 2024: Cell Genom
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Puente-Marin, D Cazorla, V Chico, J Coll, M Ortega-Villaizan
Recent studies have reported on the importance of RBCs in fish responses to viral infections and DNA vaccines. Surface-displaying recombinant bacterins (spinycterins) are a safe and adaptable prototype for viral vaccination of fish and represent an alternative method of aquaculture prophylaxis, since have been reported to enhance fish immune response. We evaluated the innate immune response of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) red blood cells (RBCs), head kidney, and spleen to spinycterins expressing a fragment of the glycoprotein G of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), one of the most devastating world-wide diseases in farmed salmonids...
April 15, 2023: Aquaculture
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
