foot infection

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a severe complication in diabetes patients, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality due to non-healing. This study investigated the effectiveness of 5% topical potassium permanganate on these ulcers. METHODS: A clinical trial was conducted on 23 patients with Wagner grade I and II DFU. Patients in the control group received standard treatment, while those in the intervention group also received 5% potassium permanganate topically...

We investigated the usefulness of quantitative 99m Tc-white blood cell (WBC) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) for predicting lower extremity amputation in diabetic foot infection (DFI). A total of 93 feet of 83 consecutive patients with DFI who underwent WBC SPECT/CT for treatment planning were retrospectively analysed. The clinical and SPECT/CT parameters were collected along with the measurements of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) at DFI. Statistical logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the predictors of LEA and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analysed to assess the predictive value of SPECT/CT...

BACKGROUND: 61% of the infections around the world that have emerged to date are zoonotic. Evidence warns that the threat posed by zoonoses is on the rise, and the risk of a new pandemic is higher now than ever. Early identification of risk, populations at risk, and risk of transmission are essential steps towards a prevention, preparation and response to outbreaks. This review aims to look at the tools available for identifying and estimating risks and threats from one health perspective and finally propose a list of indicators which could assess the risk of transmission of disease at the humans, animals and the environment intersection...

The majority of solid testicular tumors are treated with orchiectomy given the high risk of malignancy. We present a case of a testicular mass in an adult patient in the setting of recent hand, foot, and mouth disease that was managed conservatively with serial ultrasounds. Even though cases of viral-associated testicular masses are rare, this differential diagnosis should be considered in patients with a new testicular mass in the setting of recent viral infection and negative tumor markers. For these patients, observation may be an option instead of immediate orchiectomy...

Coxsackievirus-A10 (CV-A10), responsible for the hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) pandemic, could cause serious central nervous system (CNS) complications. The underlying molecular basis of CV-A10 and host interactions inducing neuropathogenesis is still unclear. The Hippo signaling pathway, historically known for a dominator of organ development and homeostasis, has recently been implicated as an immune regulator. However, its role in host defense against CV-A10 has not been investigated. Herein, it was found that CV-A10 proliferated in HMC3 cells and promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines...

Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is among the most common diabetic complications requiring hospitalization. Prompt emergency department diagnosis and evidence-based management can prevent eventual amputation and associated disability and mortality. Underlying neuropathy, arterial occlusion, immune dysfunction, and hyperglycemia-associated dehydration and ketoacidosis can all contribute to severity and conspire to make DFI diagnosis and management difficult. Serious complications include osteomyelitis, necrotizing infection, and sepsis...

Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski is a perennial creeping herb of the Asteraceae family, which is native to South America. It was introduced into Southern China as a groundcover in the 1970s (Zhang et al. 2023). Now it is mainly used for folk medicine to treat various kinds of inflammatory, incuding joint pain, rheumatic diseases, arthritis, in addition to treating persistent wounds, ulcers, and edemas (Gonçalves et al. 2022). In February and November 2023, powdery mildew symptoms were observed on 60% of S...

Diabetes's effects on wound healing present a major treatment challenge and increase the risk of amputation. When traditional therapies fail, new approaches must be investigated. With their submicron size and improved cellular internalisation, nanoparticles present a viable way to improve diabetic wound healing. They are attractive options because of their innate antibacterial qualities, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Nanoparticles loaded with organic or inorganic compounds, or embedded in biomimetic matrices such as hydrogels, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid, exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals with devastating economic implications. The current FMD vaccine, routinely used in enzootic countries, requires at least 7 days to induce protection. However, FMD vaccination is typically not recommended for use in non-enzootic areas, underscoring the need to develop new fast-acting therapies for FMD control during outbreaks. Interferons (IFNs) are among the immune system's first line of defense against viral infections. Bovine type III IFN delivered by a replication defective adenovirus (Ad) vector has effectively blocked FMD in cattle...

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Clindamycin (CLY) is one of the antibiotics recommended to treat DFI, but CLY given orally and intravenously still causes many side effects. METHODS: In this study, we encapsulated CLY in a bacteria sensitive microparticle system (MP-CLY) using polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer. MP-CLY was then delivered in a separable effervescent microarray patch (MP-CLY-SEMAP), which has the ability to separate between the needle layer and separable layer due to the formation of air bubbles when interacting with interstitial fluid in the skin...

BACKGROUND: As total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) increases in popularity nationwide for the management of end-stage arthritis, it is essential to understand ways to mitigate the risk of infection. Diabetes increases the risk of infection due to compromised immunity and impaired wound-healing mechanisms. However, there is limited research on how diabetic management, inclusive of medications and glucose control, may impact infection risks post-TAA. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of diabetic management on the occurrence of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following TAA...

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a significant causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease, with potential serious neurologic complications or fatal outcomes. The lack of effective treatments for EV71 infection is attributed to its elusive pathogenicity. Our study reveals that human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), the main type I IFN-producing cells, selectively express scavenger receptor class B, member 2 (SCARB2) and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), crucial cellular receptors for EV71. Some strains of EV71 can replicate within pDCs and stimulate IFN-α production...

BACKGROUND: Fosfomycin treatment of urinary tract infections is increasingly attractive due to escalating antibiotic resistance rates among urinary pathogens. Standard antibiotic susceptibility testing methods perform poorly for fosfomycin as there is poor correlation between susceptibility results and clinical outcomes in urinary pathogens other than Escherichia coli . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the performance of fosfomycin susceptibility testing in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to determine whether fosfomycin susceptibility is associated with molecular resistance mechanisms...

The connection between vasculitis and infection is complex. The present study described a typical situation for a patient with unbalanced type 2 diabetes and chronic complications, in which a lack of adherence to the protection and care measures ultimately led to the appearance of some of the worst consequences of the condition, namely, ulceration, gangrene and amputation. In the context of an unstable condition with significant metabolic imbalance there was an impaired response to infections in the present patient, and the amputation resulted in wound persistence and ulcer development, followed by superinfection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus according to the antibiogram performed...

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of EV-A71 (Enterovirus A71) infection on ocular surface and its mechanism. METHODS: AG6 mice aged two to three weeks were randomly divided into control and EV-A71 infected groups. Slit-lamp observation, fluorescein staining, and phenol red thread test were used to assess symptoms of ocular surface at 4 dpi (days post infection). The pathological changes of cornea and lacrimal gland were observed by H&E staining, PAS staining, TUNEL assay, IHC staining and qRT-PCR...

OBJECTIVE: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease in ruminants that causes significant economic losses worldwide. However, the prevalence of FMD virus (FMDV) in small ruminants has been overlooked in Pakistan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FMD in sheep and goats in the border area between Pakistan and Afghanistan. ANIMALS: 800 sheep and goats belongs to age groups of 6 month to > 2 years. METHODS: A total of 800 serum samples were collected from sheep (n = 424) and goats (n = 376) and subjected to structural protein (SP) and 3ABC non-SP (NSP) ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against SP and NSP of the FMDV...

In 2022, the Pentagon Force Protection Agency found threat agnostic detection of novel bioaerosol threats to be "not feasible for daily operations" due to the cost of reagents used for metagenomics, cost of sequencing instruments, and cost of labor for subject matter experts to analyze bioinformatics. Similar operational difficulties might extend to many of the 280,000 buildings (totaling 2.3 billion square feet) at 5,000 secure US Department of Defense military sites, 250 Navy ships, as well as many civilian buildings...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot infection (DFI) leads to poor prognosis and polymicrobial infections are usually the main cause. The study is to explore the microbiological distribution, antimicrobial drug susceptibility, and risk factors of polymicrobial infections in hospitalized patients with DFI. METHODS: This retrospective study included 160 patients with DFI in Wagner's grades 2, 3, and 4. Deep necrotic tissue was used to acquire specimens for microbiological culture...

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a helminthic infection found in tropical areas. It is commonly seen in patients in contact with soil contaminated by cat and dog hookworm larvae. CLM manifests as an erythematous, serpiginous, and pruritic cutaneous eruption. We present a case of a 27-year-old female with a serpiginous lesion on the plantar surface of the right foot. METHODS AND RESULTS: The patient was prescribed Albendazole at 400 mg twice a day for three days...

BACKGROUND: Chronic osteomyelitis of the calcaneus (OC) and open infected calcaneal fractures, especially when complicated by infected soft tissue defects, present significant surgical challenges. Accepted recommendations for the surgical treatment of this pathology are yet to be established. METHODS: Drawing from our experience and the consensus among experts, we have developed a concept for selecting optimal, well-known surgical approaches based on the specific pathologic presentation...