Electromagnetic therapy

Here we report a composite system based on fibrin hydrogels that incorporate in their structure near-infrared (NIR) responsive nanomaterials and thermosensitive liposomes (TSL). Polymerized fibrin networks entrap simultaneously gold-based nanoparticles (NPs) capable of transducing NIR photon energy into heat, and lysolipid-incorporated TSL (LTSL) loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). NIR irradiation of the resulting hydrogels (referred to as "lipogels") with 808 nm laser light increased the temperature of the illuminated areas, leading to the release of the liposomal cargo...

In the rewarming process during cryopreservation, preventing ice recrystallization and thermal stress is important, especially for large tissues and organs. Uniform and rapid heating is essential in ameliorating the problem and maintaining the viability of cryopreserved biological samples. Currently, the most promising method is heating by application of electromagnetic (EM) waves, the effectiveness of which is dependent on the dielectric properties (DP) of the cryopreserved materials. In this work, the cavity perturbation method was adopted to measure the DP of cryoprotectant solutions...

BACKGROUND: Some patients with chronic abdominal pain suffer from an anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES). This somewhat illusive syndrome is thought to be caused by the entrapment of end branches of the intercostal nerves residing in the abdominal wall. If ACNES is suspected, a local injection of an anesthetic agent may offer relief. If pain is recurrent following multiple-injection therapy, an anterior neurectomy entailing removal of the entrapped nerve endings may be considered...

According to the current therapies failure for bone fractures and lesions, tissue engineering showed a great potential to help solve these challenges. Because the use of growth factors is very limited in the clinic, it could be very useful that could be introducing an alternative to it. Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF, 1 mT, 50 Hz) were used for achieving this aim. The PEMF potential in combination with electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers was used to investigate the osteogenic potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)...

Although various noble metal and semiconducting molecules have been developed as photoacoustic (PA) agents, the use of semiconducting polymer-metal nanoparticle hybrid materials to enhance PA signal has not been explored. A novel semiconducting-plasmonic nanovesicle was fabricated by self-assembly of semiconducting poly(perylene diimide) (PPDI) and poly(ethylene glycol (PEG) tethered gold nanoparticles (Au@PPDI/PEG). A highly localized and strongly enhanced electromagnetic (EM) field is distributed between adjacent gold nanoparticles in the vesicular shell, where the absorbing collapsed PPDI is present...

Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are physical energy fields generated by electrically charged objects, and specific ranges of EMF can influence numerous biological processes, which include the control of cell fate and plasticity. In this study, we show that electromagnetized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the presence of specific EMF conditions facilitate an efficient direct lineage reprogramming to induced dopamine neurons in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, electromagnetic stimulation leads to a specific activation of the histone acetyltransferase Brd2, which results in histone H3K27 acetylation and a robust activation of neuron-specific genes...

OBJECTIVES: A prospective randomised controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of electromagnetic transduction therapy (EMTT) for treatment of patients with non-specific low back pain. DESIGN: Two groups with non-specific low back pain were either treated with conventional therapy alone over 6 weeks or in combination with 8 sessions of EMTT. RESULTS: In both intervention groups the low back pain related pain and the degree of disability decreased significantly at follow-up visits...

Oxygen (¹⁶O) ions are a potential alternative to carbon ions in ion beam therapy. Their enhanced linear energy transfer indicates a higher relative biological effectiveness and a reduced oxygen enhancement ratio. Due to the limited availability of ¹⁶O ion beams, Monte Carlo (MC) transport codes are important research tools to investigate their potential. The purpose of this study was to validate GATE/Geant4 for ¹⁶O ion beam therapy on experimental data from literature...

PURPOSE: We investigate the possibility to improve the accuracy of the lateral dose profile for (4)He beams with a novel approach, by extending an already validated model for proton beams to heavier ions. METHODS: The full Molière theory for the Coulomb multiple scattering is applied to the case of (4)He beams, with a complete separation of the electromagnetic and of the nuclear contributions in the calculation of the total dose. The latter is described with only three free parameters...

In scientific literature, magnetic fields are used both in basic science and clinical research. They are often used to treat pain and neuro-inflammation disorders thanks to their influence on cellular responses. Our project was born from the regenerative support that we wanted to give to those diseases characterized by neuro-inflammation, nerve lesion, muscles and tissues disorders that can transform the symptom (e.g. neuropathic pelvic pain) in disease. In this study, we examined the action of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on skin lesion regeneration and the repetitive trans-pelvic magnetic stimulation (rTPMS) on patients affected by incontinence and post-surgical problems, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic pain...

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is considered to be a well-defined subject that has caused high morbidity and mortality. In elderly women diagnosed with PMOP, low bone mass and fragile bone strength have been proven to significantly increase risk of fragility fractures. Currently, various anabolic and anti-resorptive therapies have been employed in an attempt to retain healthy bone mass and strength. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), first applied in treating patients with delayed fracture healing and nonunions, may turn out to be another potential and effective therapy for PMOP...

The importance of the development of the effective rehabilitative measures for the patients suffering from chronic cholecystitis with concomitant gallbladder dysfunction and opisthorchiasis is beyond question. The adequate methods for the rehabilitation of the patients after an intensive de-worming remain to be developed. It is known that de-worming is not infrequently followed by the immediate amplification of the manifestations of the stagnation of bile in the gallbladder that become even more pronounced than before the de-worming procedure...

Microwave thermal ablation (MTA) therapy for cancer treatments relies on the absorption of electromagnetic energy at microwave frequencies to induce a very high and localized temperature increase, which causes an irreversible thermal damage in the target zone. Treatment planning in MTA is based on experimental observations of ablation zones in ex vivo tissue, while predicting the treatment outcomes could be greatly improved by reliable numerical models. In this work, a fully dynamical simulation model is exploited to look at effects of temperature-dependent variations in the dielectric and thermal properties of the targeted tissue on the prediction of the temperature increase and the extension of the thermally coagulated zone...

Context • People are increasingly exposed to low frequency (LF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs), mainly from electricity distribution networks and electronic devices. Critics of this widespread exposure believe that it can have detrimental effects on the human body. On the other hand, many in vivo and in vitro studies have claimed that low frequency electromagnetic therapy can function as a form of alternative medicine and that therapists can treat disease by applying electromagnetic radiation or pulsed EMFs to the body or cells...

Data sourcesCochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline Ovid, Embase Ovid, US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Handsearch of the proceedings from the British Society for Oral Medicine (BSOM), British Society for Dental Research (BSDR) and the International Association for Dental Research (IADR).Study selectionAll included studies were randomised placebo controlled trials comparing a treatment to placebo with no language or year of publication restrictions...

PURPOSE: The accurate and fast calculation of the dose in proton radiation therapy is an essential ingredient for successful treatments. We propose a novel approach with a minimal number of parameters. METHODS: The approach is based on the exact calculation of the electromagnetic part of the interaction, namely the Molière theory of the multiple Coulomb scattering for the transversal 1D projection and the Bethe-Bloch formula for the longitudinal stopping power profile, including a gaussian energy straggling...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of additional 6-week scapular stabilization training in patients with non-specific neck pain (NNP). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Thirty patients with non-specific neck pain were randomly allocated to the study. Fifteen participants in the intervention group (IG) received neck-focused exercise and scapular stabilization training while 15 participants in the control group(CG) received neck-focused exercise training...

Conjugates based on nanostructured, superparamagnetic particles, a thermolabile linker and a cytotoxic maytansinoid were developed to serve as a model for tumour selective drug delivery and release. It combines chemo- with thermal therapy. The linker-modified toxin was prepared by a combination of biotechnology and semisynthesis.Drug release was achieved by hyperthermia through an external oscillating electromagnetic field that induces heat inside the particles. Efficacy of this release concept was demonstrated both for cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and for tumour growth in vivo, in a xenograft mouse model...

There is a pressing need to develop more effective therapeutics to fight cancer. An idyllic chemotherapeutic is expected to overcome drug resistance of tumors and minimize harmful side effects to healthy tissues. Antibody-functionalized porous silicon nanoparticles loaded with a combination of chemotherapy drug and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are developed. These nanocarriers are observed to selectively deliver both payloads, the chemotherapy drug and AuNCs, to human B cells. The accumulation of AuNCs to target cells and subsequent exposure to an external electromagnetic field in the microwave region render them more susceptible to the codelivered drug...

In this paper, we investigated the thermal behavior in living biological tissues using time fractional dual-phase-lag bioheat transfer (DPLBHT) model subjected to Dirichelt boundary condition in presence of metabolic and electromagnetic heat sources during thermal therapy. We solved this bioheat transfer model using finite element Legendre wavelet Galerkin method (FELWGM) with help of block pulse function in sense of Caputo fractional order derivative. We compared the obtained results from FELWGM and exact method in a specific case, and found a high accuracy...