periodontics, periodontology

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes after implant restoration in the posterior region of severe periodontitis patients and to investigate the factors of natural tooth affecting the implant from the perspective of improving natural periodontal health, which may provide a reference for clinical practice. Methods: Fifty-three patients with severe periodontitis who visited the Department of Periodontology at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of China Medical University from June 2014 to June 2023 and completed posterior implant treatment with single crown were included, among which were 16 males and 37 females, aged (52...

Objective: To evaluate the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in extraction sockets of periodontally compromised molars on soft tissue healing, postoperative pain, bone density and bone height changes. Methods: This study is a single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled superiority clinical trial. Thirty-eight periodontally compromised molars requiring extraction in patients attending the Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from December 2022 to September 2023 were included, and randomly assigned to PDT group and control group...

Objective: To evaluate the survival rate, success rate, soft tissue conditions and marginal bone level changes of implants following micro crestal flap-alveolar ridge preservation at molar extraction sockets with severe periodontitis, compared to natural healing. Methods: From March 2015 to January 2017, patients scheduled for molar extraction as a consequence of severe periodontitis and planned implant-retained prostheses from Department of Periodontology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were selected...

The components and dimensions of the periodontal and peri-implant phenotype have a high relevance in contemporary dental research and should be taken into consideration in the decision-making process in the management of a variety of clinical scenarios to optimize the outcomes of therapy. Various assessment methods for quantifying and classifying the phenotypical dimensions have emerged and developed in recent decades. Nevertheless, the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans remains the most commonly used approach worldwide...

Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of various diseases. Over 5000 publications are currently being published on this topic yearly, many of which in the dental space. This extensive review article is the first scoping review aimed at summarizing all therapeutic uses of exosomes in regenerative dentistry...

The encounter between dental biofilm and neutrophils in periodontitis remains elusive, although it apparently plays a crucial role in the periodontal pathology and constitutes a key topic of periodontology. Dental biofilm and neutrophils were isolated from orally healthy persons and patients with periodontitis. We investigated biofilm and its particle-shedding phenomenon with electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA); biofilm shedding-neutrophil interactions were examined ex vivo with epi-fluorescence microscopy...

AIM: To examine the association of dietary patterns with periodontal disease (PD) and its progression over 5 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analyses involved 1197 post-menopausal women from the OsteoPerio cohort. Dietary patterns assessed include Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), Alternative HEI (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed) at baseline (the average of two food frequency questionnaires administered between 1993 and 2001)...

This study aims to evaluate the clinical, cognitive, and psychomotor changes that emerged among patients with gingivitis and patients with periodontitis via mobile application assistance. Forty subjects were randomly and evenly distributed into test and control groups and were administered a professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) procedure. The clinical parameters examined were bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and the oral hygiene index (OHI-S). The test group was administered a mobile application intervention, namely PerioUICare, which provided users with continuous education and motivation and served as a daily dental hygiene reminder...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis. METHODS: Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, Myd88+/+ ] and Myd88-/- on C57BL/6 background)...

Susceptibility to periodontal disease depends on individual factors within the host response to the bacterial challenge. The study of these factors requires longitudinal studies of an undisturbed development of the disease process. On the basis of the original longitudinal studies on the natural histology of periodontal disease staged in Sri Lanka and Oslo/Norway, several analyses of periodontal parameters and tooth status have been performed. The main findings were that in the first 20 years of complete absence of oral hygiene practices or preventive services attachment was lost at various rates...

AIM: Preterm birth is the most adverse effect of pregnancy, commonly leading to low birth weight. Our study aimed to assess the relationship between maternal periodontal status and adverse pregnancy outcomes by immediate postpartum periodontal examination and diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 125 mothers were divided into four groups based on gestational day (GD) and newborns' birth weight (BW); the mothers with GD ≥ 259 days and BW ≥ 2500 gm (Control), the mothers with GD <259 days and BW ≥ 2500 gm (PT group), the mothers with GD ≥ 259 days and BW <2500 gm (LBW group), and the mothers with GD <259 days and BW <2500 gm (PT-LBW group)...

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory non-communicable disease (NCD) characterised by the destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus (periodontium), including alveolar bone, the presence of periodontal pockets, and bleeding on probing. OBJECTIVES: To outline, for family doctors, the implications of the association between periodontal and systemic diseases; to explore the role of family doctors in managing periodontitis as an ubiquitous non-communicable disease (NCD)...

AIM: To evaluate the suitability of a Doppler ultrasound probe in detecting the greater palatine artery or its greater branches non-invasively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The palatal mucosa of 108 participants (median age 34 years, 51 female) was systematically divided into transversal sectors, each aligning with the positions of the upper molars (M), premolars (P) and canine teeth (C), aiming to facilitate precise and consistent localization of the detected palatal blood vessel across different patients...

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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients. METHODS: Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP...

Racial disparities in the prevalence of periodontal disease are consistent and persistent. The epidemiology of periodontal disease demonstrates racial inequities: non-Hispanic Black (14.7%), Mexican American (13.4%), and other Hispanic adults (7.8%) experience a higher prevalence of severe periodontal disease than non-Hispanic White adults (5.9%). Epidemiologic and clinical research on periodontal health suffers from the same problem that has plagued the health equity movement, an over emphasis on describing racial inequities coupled with few interventions that reduce racial health inequity...

It has long been considered that the oral microbiome is tightly connected to oral health and that dysbiotic changes can be detrimental to the occurrence and progression of dysplastic oral mucosal lesions or oral cancer. Improved understanding of the concepts of microbial dysbiosis together with advances in high-throughput molecular sequencing of these pathologies have charted in greater microbiological detail the nature of their clinical state. This review discusses the bacteriome and mycobiome associated with oral mucosal lesions, oral candidiasis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to delineate the information available to date in pursuit of advancing diagnostic and prognostic utilities for oral medicine...

Post-treatment change in the form of true relapse and physiological and maturational effects is common following orthodontics. The unpredictable nature of these manifestations dictates a conservative, near-universal approach to retention. Both fixed and removable forms of retention are popular with the latter constrained by variable levels of adherence particularly in the medium- to long-term. Fixed retention may offer a more predictable means of preservation of orthodontic outcomes; however, this advantage is offset by the requirement for prolonged supervision and the potential for adverse changes including periodontal breakdown...

BACKGROUND: To explore the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in periodontitis via in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS: The second upper molar of LIF knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were ligated for 8 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were examined in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment...

Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) applied alone or combined with other biomaterials are popular bioactive factors employed in regenerative medicine. The main biological rationale of using such products is to concentrate blood-derived growth factors and cells into the wound microenvironment to enhance the body's natural healing capacity. First-generation APC is represented by platelet-rich plasma (PRP). While different protocols have been documented for PRP preparation, they overall consist of two cycles of centrifugation and have important limitations related to the use of an anticoagulant first and an activator afterward, which may interfere with the natural healing process and the release of bioactive molecules...