keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530681/trends-in-substance-related-visits-among-youth-to-us-children-s-hospitals-2016-2021-an-analysis-of-the-pediatric-health-information-system-database
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexis Ball, Scott Hadland, Jonathan Rodean, Matt Hall, Jason Mendoza, Kym Ahrens
PURPOSE: This study evaluates recent trends in substance-related visits among youth visiting children's hospitals. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of substance-related visits to pediatric hospitals within the Pediatric Health Information System database of youth aged 12-21 years from 2016 through 2021. Substance-related visits were defined as acute visits for International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision Clinical Modification codes related to substance 'use', dependence, or overdoses for alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, opioids, sedatives, stimulants, hallucinogens, or other substances...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Adolescent Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519421/the-pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacodynamics-of-ibogaine-in-opioid-use-disorder-patients
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Knuijver, Rob Ter Heine, Arnt F A Schellekens, Paniz Heydari, Luc Lucas, Sjoerd Westra, Maarten Belgers, Toon van Oosteren, Robbert Jan Verkes, Cornelis Kramers
OBJECTIVE: Ibogaine is a hallucinogenic drug that may be used to treat opioid use disorder (OUD). The relationships between pharmacokinetics (PKs) of ibogaine and its metabolites and their clinical effects on side effects and opioid withdrawal severity are unknown. We aimed to study these relationships in patients with OUD undergoing detoxification supported by ibogaine. METHODS: The study was performed in 14 subjects with OUD. They received a single dose of 10mg/kg ibogaine hydrochloride...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518269/psychedelic-therapy-a-primer-for-primary-care-clinicians-psilocybin
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Burton J Tabaac, Kenneth Shinozuka, Alejandro Arenas, Bryce D Beutler, Kirsten Cherian, Viviana D Evans, Chelsey Fasano, Owen S Muir
BACKGROUND: The primary psychoactive drug in magic mushrooms, psilocybin, induces profound alterations in consciousness through the 5-HT2A receptor. This review consolidates current research findings to elucidate the pharmacology, safety profile, and clinical applications of psilocybin. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY: Despite initial concerns that psilocybin could cause psychosis, contemporary research has demonstrated that psilocybin is generally safe. The most common adverse effects are nausea and headache, yet both tend to be transient...
March 2024: American Journal of Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518267/psychedelic-therapy-a-primer-for-primary-care-clinicians-lysergic-acid-diethylamide-lsd
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bryce D Beutler, Kenneth Shinozuka, Burton J Tabaac, Alejandro Arenas, Kirsten Cherian, Viviana D Evans, Chelsey Fasano, Owen S Muir
BACKGROUND: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a hallucinogenic agent. In the mid-20th century, it was used to augment psychoanalysis and to treat alcohol use disorder. However, LSD was banned in 1970 in part because of concerns that it could bring about or exacerbate mental illness. Its therapeutic potential remains incompletely understood. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY: While uncontrolled recreational use of LSD can, in rare instances, lead to long-term psychosis, adverse events in clinical trials of LSD, such as anxiety, headache, and nausea, have almost always been mild and transient...
March 2024: American Journal of Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518266/psychedelic-therapy-a-primer-for-primary-care-clinicians-historical-perspective-and-overview
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Burton J Tabaac, Kenneth Shinozuka, Alejandro Arenas, Bryce D Beutler, Kirsten Cherian, Viviana D Evans, Chelsey Fasano, Owen S Muir
BACKGROUND: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and other neuropsychiatric conditions, including those that are treatment-resistent. The latter half of the 20th century marked a revolution in the treatment of mental illnesses, exemplified by the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other pharmacological agents. Nevertheless, mental illness remains a major public health crisis, affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide...
March 2024: American Journal of Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494055/patterns-of-mean-age-at-drug-use-initiation-by-race-and-ethnicity-2004-2019
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl C Alcover, Abram J Lyons, Solmaz Amiri
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent drug use can result in clinically significant psychiatric outcomes later in life mitigated by targeted prevention strategies. While mean age of drug initiation has increased over time, there is little research of mean age of drug initiation among adolescents by race/ethnicity. METHODS: The study used the National Survey on Drug Use and Health data (2004-2019). Sample included individuals aged 12 to 21 years. Year-by-year drug use initiation (i...
March 15, 2024: J Subst Use Addict Treat
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486047/structure-activity-relationships-of-serotonergic-5-meo-dmt-derivatives-insights-into-psychoactive-and-thermoregulatory-properties
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pol Puigseslloses, Núria Nadal-Gratacós, Gabriel Ketsela, Nicola Weiss, Xavier Berzosa, Roger Estrada-Tejedor, Mohammad Nazmul Islam, Marion Holy, Marco Niello, David Pubill, Jordi Camarasa, Elena Escubedo, Harald H Sitte, Raúl López-Arnau
Recent studies have sparked renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for treating depression and other mental health conditions. Simultaneously, the novel psychoactive substances (NPS) phenomenon, with a huge number of NPS emerging constantly, has changed remarkably the illicit drug market, being their scientific evaluation an urgent need. Thus, this study aims to elucidate the impact of amino-terminal modifications to the 5-MeO-DMT molecule on its interactions with serotonin receptors and transporters, as well as its psychoactive and thermoregulatory properties...
March 14, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486017/burden-of-alcohol-and-other-substance-use-and-correlates-among-undergraduate-students-at-busitema-university-in-rural-eastern-uganda-after-covid-19-lockdown
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Kirabira, Enid Kawala Kagoya, Joseph Mpagi, Christine Etoko Atala, Kalisiti Ndamanywa, Ambrose Okibure, Ronald Kibuuka, Fauz Katongole, Julius Wandabwa
Use of alcohol and other substances remains a major health concern among higher learning institutions. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of alcohol and other substance use among students at Busitema University in Eastern Uganda. A cross sectional survey was conducted among 658 undergraduate students using a questionnaire consisting of Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Tool and participant sociodemographic and clinical factors. Logistic regression was used to explore the associations...
March 14, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456706/evaluating-cross-reactivity-of-new-psychoactive-substances-nps-in-human-whole-blood-by-enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay-elisa
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace Cieri, Amanda L A Mohr, Rebecca Mastrovito, Barry K Logan
Due to the increase in the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) and their overall prevalence, it is important to have effective and reliable screening technologies to detect NPS in biological matrices. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are among the most popular screening methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of ELISA for NPS detection, five subclasses of NPS (novel synthetic opioids, fentanyl analogs, stimulants, benzodiazepines and hallucinogens) were evaluated in whole blood for their cross-reactivity on commercially available ELISA kits...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Analytical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437005/the-relationship-between-changes-in-mindfulness-and-subsequent-changes-in-well-being-following-psychedelic-use-prospective-cohort-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grant Jones, Felipe Herrmann, Adam Bear, Robin Carhart-Harris, Hannes Kettner
This study demonstrates that changes in mindfulness predict subsequent changes in well-being in a data set including individuals who recently engaged in psychedelic use.
March 4, 2024: JMIR Formative Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432116/substance-addictions-and-suicidal-thoughts-and-behaviors-evidence-from-a-multi-wave-epidemiological-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela Giugovaz, Michele Grassi, Igor Marchetti
Substance addiction (SA) is a risk factor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB), although it is still unclear which SAs are reliably associated with increased risk for suicidal ideation, planning, and attempt. The current study aimed to meet this goal using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) referring to years from 2008 to 2020. The information extracted included sociodemographic and contextual information, eleven SAs (e.g., nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, heroin, inhalants, hallucinogens, sedatives, stimulants, and tranquillizers), and STB...
April 2024: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431685/features-of-biliary-tract-diseases-in-ketamine-abusers-a-systematic-review-of-case-reports
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alireza Teymouri, Hadis Nasoori, Maryamsadat Fakheri, Aref Nasiri
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Anesthesiologists prefer ketamine for certain surgeries due to its effectiveness as a non-competitive inhibitor of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the brain. Recently, this agent has also shown promise as an antidepressant. However, ketamine can cause hallucinogenic effects and is sometimes abused as an illicit drug. Ketamine abuse has been associated with liver and bile duct complications. This systematic study aims to better understand cholangiopathy in ketamine abusers by reviewing case reports...
March 3, 2024: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431307/perioperative-considerations-for-patients-exposed-to-hallucinogens-an-infographic
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trent Emerick, Tetyana Marshall, Thomas Jeff Martin, Doug Ririe, Eric S Schwenk
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1, 2024: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420921/substance-use-and-its-association-with-mental-health-among-swiss-medical-students-a-cross-sectional-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacques Gaume, Valérie Carrard, Sylvie Berney, Céline Bourquin, Alexandre Berney
BACKGROUND: Studies on mental health and substance use among medical students indicated worrying prevalence but have been mainly descriptive. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of substance use in a sample of medical students and investigate whether mental health variables have an influence on substance use. METHODS: The data were collected as part of the first wave of the ETMED-L, an ongoing longitudinal open cohort study surveying medical students at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland)...
February 29, 2024: International Journal of Social Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416389/new-autophagy-modulating-lanostane-type-triterpenoids-from-a-hallucinogenic-poisonous-mushroom-gymnopilus-orientispectabilis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seulah Lee, Mina Jang, Rhim Ryoo, Jongtae Roh, Sung-Kyun Ko, Ki Hyun Kim
Gymnopilus orientispectabilis, also known as "big laughter mushroom," is a hallucinogenic poisonous mushroom that causes excessive laughter upon ingestion. From the fruiting bodies of G. orientispectabilis, eight lanostane-type triterpenoids (1-8), including seven novel compounds: gymnojunols A-G (2-8), were isolated. The chemical structures of these new compounds (2-8) were determined by analyzing their 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HR-EISMS, and their absolute configurations were unambiguously assigned by quantum chemical ECD calculations and a computational method coupled with a statistical procedure (DP4+)...
February 28, 2024: Archives of Pharmacal Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411629/are-mystical-experiences-essential-for-antidepressant-actions-of-ketamine-and-the-classic-psychedelics
#16
REVIEW
Kenji Hashimoto
The growing interest in the rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of the dissociative anesthetic ketamine and classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, is remarkable. However, both ketamine and psychedelics are known to induce acute mystical experiences; ketamine can cause dissociative symptoms such as out-of-body experience, while psychedelics typically bring about hallucinogenic experiences, like a profound sense of unity with the universe or nature. The role of these mystical experiences in enhancing the antidepressant outcomes for patients with depression is currently an area of ongoing investigation and debate...
February 27, 2024: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374976/keeping-the-promise-a-critique-of-the-current-state-of-microdosing-research
#17
Rotem Petranker, Thomas Anderson, Emily C Fewster, Youval Aberman, Marik Hazan, Michael Gaffrey, Paul Seli
INTRODUCTION: The practice of taking small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has exploded in popularity over the last decade. Users claim benefits ranging from improved mood and enhanced creativity to an increased sense of meaning and connectedness in life. While research on microdosing is still lagging behind the shift in public opinion, several papers have been published in the last five years which attempted to assess the effects of microdosing. METHODS: This review paper aimed to critically analyze the research practices used in the recent wave of microdosing research: We reviewed 15 papers published before the closing date of this review in March 2022...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370480/effects-of-hallucinogenic-drugs-on-the-human-heart
#18
REVIEW
Joachim Neumann, Stefan Dhein, Uwe Kirchhefer, Britt Hofmann, Ulrich Gergs
Hallucinogenic drugs are used because they have effects on the central nervous system. Their hallucinogenic effects probably occur via stimulation of serotonin receptors, namely, 5-HT2A -serotonin receptors in the brain. However, a close study reveals that they also act on the heart, possibly increasing the force of contraction and beating rate and may lead to arrhythmias. Here, we will review the inotropic and chronotropic actions of bufotenin, psilocin, psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ergotamine, ergometrine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in the human heart...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367327/trends-and-factors-associated-with-illicit-drug-use-in-south-africa-findings-from-multiple-national-population-based-household-surveys-2002-2017
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kennedy Kipkoech Mutai, Jack Stone, Andrew Scheibe, Hannah Fraser, Leigh F Johnson, Peter Vickerman
BACKGROUND: Illicit drug use results in considerable global morbidity, but there is little data on its trends and factors associated with it in sub-Saharan Africa. We consider these questions using national data from South Africa for 2002-2017. METHODS: We analysed data among individuals aged 15 years or older from five national population-based household surveys in South Africa (2002-2017; n = 89,113). Recent drug use was defined as the last three-months use of illicit drugs, i...
February 16, 2024: International Journal on Drug Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363096/policy-and-practice-changes-associated-with-a-tobacco-free-initiative-in-residential-substance-use-disorder-treatment
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Barbara K Campbell, Thao Le, Caravella McCuistian, Catherine Bonniot, Kevin Delucchi, Joseph Guydish
A California-sponsored, 18-month, tobacco-free intervention in residential substance use disorder (SUD) programs was associated with increases in tobacco-free grounds and tobacco-related client services. The current study examined whether positive results would be replicated in 11 programs participating subsequently. Program directors ( N  = 11) completed surveys of tobacco-related policies pre- and post-intervention. Pre- ( n  = 163) and post-intervention ( n  = 128) cross-sectional staff surveys examined tobacco-related training, beliefs, practices, smoking policy, and smoking status...
February 16, 2024: Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
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