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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Netsanet Belete, Sebsibe Tadesse, Mulugeta Hailu
BACKGROUND: Respiratory diseases disproportionately affect people living in resource-limited settings. However, obtaining information that explains respiratory-related deaths has been difficult, mainly due to a lack of medical certification of death and the fact that most deaths occur outside of health institutions. This study aimed to determine the proportion of respiratory-related deaths and identify associated factors in Alicho-Weriro district, southern Ethiopia, using the verbal autopsy method...
April 15, 2024: BMJ Open Respiratory Research
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikhail Melnik, Emily Miyoshi, Ricky Ma, Maria Corrada, Claudia Kawas, Ryan Bohannan, Chad Caraway, Carol A Miller, Jason D Hinman, Varghese John, Tina Bilousova, Karen H Gylys
BACKGROUND: The neuronal and gliaI populations within the brain are tightly interwoven, making isolation and study of large populations of a single cell type from brain tissue a major technical challenge. Concurrently, cell-type specific extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold enormous diagnostic and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). NEW METHOD: Postmortem AD cortical samples were thawed and gently dissociated. Following filtration, myelin and red blood cell removal, cell pellets were immunolabeled with fluorescent antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry...
April 14, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Methods
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine Eimer, Claas Buschmann, Jonas Deeken, Thoralf Kerner
Management of severe pediatric trauma remains challenging. Injury patterns vary according to patient age and trauma mechanism. This study analyzes trauma mechanisms in deceased pediatric patients. Fatal pediatric trauma cases aged 0-18 years who underwent forensic autopsy in the Federal State of Berlin, Germany, between 2008 until 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Autopsy protocols were analyzed regarding demographic characteristics, trauma mechanisms, injury patterns, resuscitation measures, survival times as well as place, and cause of death...
April 16, 2024: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naomi Kouri, Isabelle Frankenhauser, Zhongwei Peng, Sydney A Labuzan, Baayla D C Boon, Christina M Moloney, Cyril Pottier, Daniel P Wickland, Kelsey Caetano-Anolles, Nick Corriveau-Lecavalier, Jessica F Tranovich, Ashley C Wood, Kelly M Hinkle, Sarah J Lincoln, A J Spychalla, Matthew L Senjem, Scott A Przybelski, Erica Engelberg-Cook, Christopher G Schwarz, Rain S Kwan, Elizabeth R Lesser, Julia E Crook, Rickey E Carter, Owen A Ross, Christian Lachner, Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner, Tanis J Ferman, Julie A Fields, Mary M Machulda, Vijay K Ramanan, Aivi T Nguyen, R Ross Reichard, David T Jones, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Bradley F Boeve, David S Knopman, Ronald C Petersen, Clifford R Jack, Kejal Kantarci, Gregory S Day, Ranjan Duara, Neill R Graff-Radford, Dennis W Dickson, Val J Lowe, Prashanthi Vemuri, Melissa E Murray
IMPORTANCE: Factors associated with clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease (AD) lay along a continuum hypothesized to associate with tangle distribution and are relevant for understanding glial activation considerations in therapeutic advancement. OBJECTIVES: To examine clinicopathologic and neuroimaging characteristics of disease heterogeneity in AD along a quantitative continuum using the corticolimbic index (CLix) to account for individuality of spatially distributed tangles found at autopsy...
April 15, 2024: JAMA Neurology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jitendra S Tomar, Bajrang K Singh, Surya Prakash, Pramendra S Thakur
Sudden death from haemopericardium as a result of a right atrial rupture is uncommon, most particularly when this occurs spontaneously without any prior trauma or evidence of atrial wall pathology. The deceased was a 32-year-old man. At lunchtime his symptoms of unease, giddiness and unconsciousness began and within 45 minutes he arrived at the hospital. His vitals could not be recorded in the emergency department, and after CPR, he was pronounced dead. At autopsy, an isolated right atrial rupture, without any disease of the heart wall, was discovered...
April 15, 2024: Medico-legal Journal
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yusuke Ueda, Tomoyuki Sakai, Kazunori Yamada, Kotaro Arita, Yoko Ishige, Daisuke Hoshi, Hiroto Yanagisawa, Haruka Iwao-Kawanami, Takafumi Kawanami, Shuichi Mizuta, Toshihiro Fukushima, Sohsuke Yamada, Akihiro Yachie, Yasufumi Masaki
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has been recognized as a rare adverse event following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. We report a case of neuropsychiatric symptoms and refractory HLH in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after receiving her COVID-19 vaccine treated with belimumab, later found to have intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) at autopsy. A 61-year-old woman with SLE was referred to our hospital because of impaired consciousness and fever. One month prior to consulting, she received her second COVID-19 vaccine dose...
April 15, 2024: Immunological Medicine
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lexi O'Donnell, John J Green, Ethan C Hill, Michael J O'Donnell
RESULTS.: Hispanic children have higher odds of growth stunting than non-Hispanic White children. Native American children die younger and have higher odds of respiratory diseases and porous lesions than Hispanic and non-Hispanic Whites. Rural/urban location does not significantly impact age at death, but housing type does. Individuals who lived in trailers/mobile homes had earlier ages at death. When intersections between housing type and housing location are considered, children who were poor and from impoverished areas lived longer than those who were poor from relatively well-off areas...
April 15, 2024: Journal of Biosocial Science
#28
Divij Agarwal, Iqbal Ali, Varun Shetty
The occurrence of small intestinal diverticula is relatively infrequent compared to its counterpart in the large bowel. Duodenal diverticula exhibit a significantly higher prevalence within the small intestine compared to jejunoileal diverticula, with a ratio of five to one. The occurrence of jejunoileal diverticula exhibits considerable variability and has been documented to range from 0.5% to 2.3% in radiographic series, while autopsy studies have reported rates as high as 7%. We present the clinical details of a 65-year-old male patient who sought medical attention due to a constellation of symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting, and obstipation...
March 2024: Curēus
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norihiko Saito, Nozomi Hirai, Yuki Koyahara, Sho Sato, Yu Hiramoto, Satoshi Fujita, Haruo Nakayama, Morito Hayashi, Keisuke Ito, Satoshi Iwabuchi
This study compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of postmortem brain specimens with neuropathological findings to evaluate the value of postmortem MRI. Postmortem MRI was performed on five formalin-fixed whole brains with malignant tumors. Postmortem T2-weighted images detected all neuropathological abnormalities as high-signal regions but also showed histological tumor invasion in areas without edema. Tumor lesions with high necrosis and edema showed high signal intensity on T2-weighted images; in three cases, lesion enlargement was detected on the final prenatal imaging and postmortem MRI...
March 2024: Curēus
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wubegzier Mekonnen, Damen Haile Mariam, Catherine Meh, Biratu Yigezu, Anteneh T Assalif, Ashley Aimone, Solomon Atnafu, Hayat Ahmed, Wubetsh Asnake, Prabhat Jha
BACKGROUND: Ethiopia, with about 10% of Africa's population, has little direct information on causes of death, particularly in rural areas where 80% of Ethiopians live. In 2019-2020, we conducted electronic verbal autopsies (e-VA) to examine causes of death and quantify cause-specific mortality rates in rural Ethiopia. METHODS: We examined deaths under 70 years in the three years prior to the survey dates (November 25, 2019-February 29, 2020) among 2% of East Gojjam Zone (Amhara Region) using registered deaths and adding random sampling in this cross-sectional study...
May 2024: EClinicalMedicine
#31
Yoshihiro Shibata, Hirofumi Ohmura, Kazuki Komatsu, Kosuke Sagara, Atsuji Matsuyama, Ryuji Nakano, Eishi Baba
BACKGROUND: Metastatic cardiac tumors are known to occur more frequently than primary cardiac tumors, however, they often remain asymptomatic and are commonly discovered on autopsy. Malignant tumors with a relatively high frequency of cardiac metastasis include mesothelioma, melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer, whereas reports of esophageal cancer with cardiac metastasis are rare. CASE SUMMARY: The case of a 60-year-old man who complained of dysphagia is presented...
March 21, 2024: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
#32
REVIEW
Oscar Fraile-Martinez, Cielo García-Montero, Sofía Castellanos Díez, Coral Bravo, María de Guadalupe Quintana-Coronado, Laura Lopez-Gonzalez, Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez, Natalio García-Honduvilla, Juan A De León-Luis, Sonia Rodriguez-Martín, Miguel A Saez, Melchor Alvarez-Mon, Raul Diaz-Pedrero, Miguel A Ortega
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a type of death that occurs suddenly and without any apparent explanation, affecting infants between 28 days of life and up to a year. Recognition of this entity includes performing an autopsy to determine if there is another explanation for the event and performing both an external and internal examination of the different tissues to search for possible histopathological findings. Despite the relative success of awareness campaigns and the implementation of prevention measures, SIDS still represents one of the leading causes of death among infants worldwide...
2024: International Journal of Medical Sciences
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jørgen S Agerholm, Gary Mason, David Steffen
Distinct solitary dermal nodules, either covered by an alopecic, or sometimes ulcerated, epidermis, were noticed on the head of a stillborn Holstein calf. The head was submitted for autopsy, and the nodules were found to consist of homogeneous, diffuse pale-yellow, soft-tissue masses with distinct margins that elevated the epidermis above the adjacent skin. Histologically, the dermal nodules were well-delineated on the deep margin approaching the cutaneous muscle and consisted of perivascular neoplastic infiltrates of round cells that in some places coalesced into sheets that extended into the dermis and subcutis...
April 14, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mache Tsadik, Awol Yemane Legesse, Hale Teka, Hiluf Ebuy Abraha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Mohamedawel Mohamedniguss Ebrahim, Bereket Berhe, Martha Yemane Hadush, Gebrehaweria Gebrekurstos, Brhane Ayele, Haile Tsegay, Tesfit Gebremeskel, Tsega Gebremariam, Tigist Hagos, Abraha Gebreegziabher, Kibrom Muoze, Afewerk Mulugeta, Mulugeta Gebregziabher, Hagos Godefay
BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality is among the key national and international indicators of health services. The global Sustainable Development Goal target for neonatal mortality is fewer than 12 deaths per 1000 livebirths, by 2030. Neonatal mortality estimates in the 2019 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey found 25·7 deaths per 1000 livebirths. Subnational surveys specific to Tigray, Ethiopia, reported a neonatal mortality lifetime prevalence of 7·13 deaths. Another government report from the Tigray region estimated a neonatal mortality rate of ten deaths per 1000 livebirths in 2020...
May 2024: Lancet Global Health
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emil K Gustavsson, Jordan Follett, Joanne Trinh, Sandeep K Barodia, Raquel Real, Zhiyong Liu, Melissa Grant-Peters, Jesse D Fox, Silke Appel-Cresswell, A Jon Stoessl, Alex Rajput, Ali H Rajput, Roland Auer, Russel Tilney, Marc Sturm, Tobias B Haack, Suzanne Lesage, Christelle Tesson, Alexis Brice, Carles Vilariño-Güell, Mina Ryten, Matthew S Goldberg, Andrew B West, Michele T Hu, Huw R Morris, Manu Sharma, Ziv Gan-Or, Bedia Samanci, Pawel Lis, Maria Teresa Periñan, Rim Amouri, Samia Ben Sassi, Faycel Hentati, Francesca Tonelli, Dario R Alessi, Matthew J Farrer
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with multifactorial causes, among which genetic risk factors play a part. The RAB GTPases are regulators and substrates of LRRK2, and variants in the LRRK2 gene are important risk factors for Parkinson's disease. We aimed to explore genetic variability in RAB GTPases within cases of familial Parkinson's disease. METHODS: We did whole-exome sequencing in probands from families in Canada and Tunisia with Parkinson's disease without a genetic cause, who were recruited from the Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (Vancouver, BC, Canada), an international consortium that includes people with Parkinson's disease from 36 sites in 24 countries...
April 10, 2024: Lancet Neurology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter T Nelson, David W Fardo, Xian Wu, Khine Zin Aung, Matthew D Cykowski, Yuriko Katsumata
Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is detectable at autopsy in more than one-third of people beyond age 85 years and is robustly associated with dementia independent of other pathologies. Although LATE-NC has a large impact on public health, there remain uncertainties about the underlying biologic mechanisms. Here, we review the literature from human studies that may shed light on pathogenetic mechanisms. It is increasingly clear that certain combinations of pathologic changes tend to coexist in aging brains...
April 13, 2024: Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gayan Kumarasinghe, Murugupillai Sivasubramanium, Kasun Bandara Ekanayake, Dhanushka Rambukwella, Bandarage Sanjaya
Page kidney is a condition where external compression of the renal artery and renal parenchyma leads to subsequent ischaemia and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. A 42-year-old female with hirsutism, hypertension and diabetes was diagnosed with a right adrenal mass and underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Her hypertension worsened postoperatively and was managed medically. Subsequently she developed a right flank pain on the fifth postoperative day and died suddenly the next day. Autopsy revealed a pale body with cushingoid appearance...
April 13, 2024: Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology
#38
Liang Zhang, Hui Chen, Yulin Ding, Wenlong Wang, Gao Wa, Bingwu Zheng, Jinling Wang
BACKGROUND: Feline pulmonary Langerhans cells histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare disorder that results in progressive respiratory failure secondary to pulmonary parenchymal infiltration with Langerhans cells (LCs). A diagnosis of PLCH is proposed based on the clinical features and pathological findings and confirmed based on the infiltrating histiocytic cells. There are few documented cases of feline PLCH, and this case report of PLCH in an African Lion could present new information and aspects of this feline histiocytic disease...
March 26, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#39
REVIEW
Jessica Falleti, Pasquale Orabona, Maurizio Municinò, Gianluca Castellaro, Giovanna Fusco, Gelsomina Mansueto
In forensic medicine, myocarditis is a complicated topic in the context of sudden death and medical malpractice. A good knowledge of the etiopathology, histopathology, and available literature are both indispensable and essential for the correct management and evaluation of the causal link. Some agents, which are rarely lethal for humans, are not necessarily related to death from myocarditis, even if an infection in other organs such as the gastrointestinal tract is documented. The diagnosis of the causes of death is often difficult and confusing...
April 3, 2024: Diagnostics
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreea Alexandra Hleșcu, Adriana Grigoraș, Victor Ianole, Cornelia Amalinei
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although classical gross features are known in hypothermia victims, they lack specific diagnosis features. The aim of our study was to reveal specific brain and lung pathological features in a group of hypothermia-related fatalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised 107 cases from our files associated with hypothermia. Routine hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and postmortem immunohistochemistry were performed. RESULTS: The microscopic cerebral exam revealed diffuse perineuronal and perivascular edema, gliosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, acute brain injuries, focal neuronal ischemia, lacunar infarction, and variable hemorrhages...
March 30, 2024: Diagnostics
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