keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456339/workup-and-management-of-liver-transplantation-in-alcohol-related-liver-disease
#1
REVIEW
Giacomo Germani, Delphine Degré, Christophe Moreno, Patrizia Burra
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) represents the most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide. Outcomes of LT for ALD are comparable with those of LT for other etiologies; however, ALD is still considered a controversial indication for LT, mainly because it is considered a self-inflicted disease with a high risk of return to alcohol use after LT. Pre-LT evaluation criteria have changed over time, with a progressive re-evaluation of the required pre-transplant duration of abstinence. Despite the fact that some transplant programs still require 6 months of abstinence in order to consider a patient suitable for LT, there is increasing evidence that a pre-transplant abstinence period of <6 months can be considered for well-selected patients...
March 8, 2024: United European Gastroenterology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438386/subjective-feelings-associated-with-expectations-and-rewards-during-risky-decision-making-in-impulse-control-disorder
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brittany Liebenow, Angela Jiang, Emily K DiMarco, L Paul Sands, Mary Moya-Mendez, Adrian W Laxton, Mustafa S Siddiqui, Ihtsham Ul Haq, Kenneth T Kishida
Impulse Control Disorder (ICD) in Parkinson's disease is a behavioral addiction induced by dopaminergic therapies, but otherwise unclear etiology. The current study investigates the interaction of reward processing variables, dopaminergic therapy, and risky decision-making and subjective feelings in patients with versus without ICD. Patients with (n = 18) and without (n = 12) ICD performed a risky decision-making task both 'on' and 'off' standard-of-care dopaminergic therapies (the task was performed on 2 different days with the order of on and off visits randomized for each patient)...
March 4, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385004/the-novel-peptide-lcgm-10-attenuates-metabotropic-glutamate-receptor-5-activity-and-demonstrates-behavioral-effects-in-animal-models
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anton V Malyshev, Vsevolod V Pavshintcev, Nikita A Mitkin, Iuliia A Sukhanova, Vasilina R Gedzun, Alexander S Zlobin, Igor I Doronin, Gennady A Babkin, Tomi K Sawyer
We employed a structural bioinformatics approach to develop novel peptides with predicted affinity to the binding site for negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). Primary screening in zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) revealed a stimulatory effect of two peptides, LCGM-10 and LCGM-15. Target validation studies using calcium ion flux imaging and a luciferase reporter assay confirmed mGluR5 as the target. LCGM-10 showed greater potency than LCGM-15; it was comparable to that of the mGluR5 NAM 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl) pyridine (MPEP)...
2024: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374803/longitudinal-examination-of-alcohol-demand-and-alcohol-related-reinforcement-as-predictors-of-heavy-drinking-and-adverse-alcohol-consequences-in-emerging-adults
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brian M Bird, Kyla Belisario, Meenu Minhas, Samuel F Acuff, Mark A Ferro, Michael T Amlung, James G Murphy, James MacKillop
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Behavioral economic theory predicts that high alcohol demand and high proportionate alcohol-related reinforcement are important determinants of risky alcohol use in emerging adults, but the majority of research to date has been cross-sectional in nature. The present study investigated prospective and dynamic relationships between alcohol demand and proportionate alcohol-related reinforcement in relation to heavy drinking days and alcohol problems. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort with assessments every 4 months for 20 months...
February 20, 2024: Addiction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38302560/microglia-in-neuroimmunopharmacology-and-drug-addiction
#5
REVIEW
Hongyuan Li, Linda R Watkins, Xiaohui Wang
Drug addiction is a chronic and debilitating disease that is considered a global health problem. Various cell types in the brain are involved in the progression of drug addiction. Recently, the xenobiotic hypothesis has been proposed, which frames substances of abuse as exogenous molecules that are responded to by the immune system as foreign "invaders", thus triggering protective inflammatory responses. An emerging body of literature reveals that microglia, the primary resident immune cells in the brain, play an important role in the progression of addiction...
February 2, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38289411/compulsive-sexual-behavior-disorder-the-importance-of-research-on-women
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ewelina Kowalewska, Beáta Bőthe, Shane W Kraus
The current understanding of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is primarily based on studies involving non-clinical samples of heterosexual men, resulting in significant gaps in knowledge regarding women with CSBD. The commentary highlights the domains where further research is necessary, including incidence and prevalence, etiology, diagnostic criteria, comorbidities, sexual patterns, personality profiles, and barriers to help-seeking among women with CSBD. Bridging this research gap is essential for improving clinical care, developing tailored interventions, and increasing awareness about CSBD in women among healthcare providers, policymakers, and the general public...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Behavioral Addictions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38213293/neonatal-opioid-withdrawal-syndrome-following-prenatal-use-of-supplements-containing-tianeptine
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelechi Ikeri, Alexandria Anderson, Fabien Eyal, Richard Whitehurst
Tianeptine is an opioid receptor agonist that is prescribed as an antidepressant in many countries. In the United States, tianeptine is not approved for medical use because of its potential for abuse and addiction. Nonetheless, products containing tianeptine are easily obtainable and are marketed as dietary supplements. There are increasing reports of adverse effects and fatal toxicities resulting from tianeptine use among adolescents and adults. This emerging public health threat could escalate the opioid epidemic and drive increased newborn perinatal exposure...
January 12, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38174913/acg-clinical-guideline-alcohol-associated-liver-disease
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Loretta L Jophlin, Ashwani K Singal, Ramon Bataller, Robert J Wong, Bryan G Sauer, Norah A Terrault, Vijay H Shah
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of advanced hepatic disease and frequent indication for liver transplantation worldwide. With harmful alcohol use as the primary risk factor, increasing alcohol use over the past decade has resulted in rapid growth of the ALD-related healthcare burden. The spectrum of ALD ranges from early asymptomatic liver injury to advanced disease with decompensation and portal hypertension. Compared with those with other etiologies of liver disease, patients with ALD progress faster and more often present at an advanced stage...
January 1, 2024: American Journal of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38090162/the-relationship-between-childhood-maltreatment-and-social-anxiety-among-chinese-male-individuals-with-drug-use-disorders-a-moderated-mediation-model-of-fear-of-negative-evaluation-and-self-construals
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Liu, Hao Zhang, Hualing Miao, Jia Zhang, Cheng Guo
BACKGROUND: Social anxiety (SA) is prevalent among individuals with drug use disorders, playing a significant role in the etiology and maintenance of drug addiction. The etiological model of SA suggests a link between the development of SA and childhood maltreatment. Childhood maltreatment not only acts as a complex trauma with negative effects on individuals' selves and other cognitions but also exerts a negative influence through early negative parent-child interactions on individuals' internal working models, leading to the development of fear of negative evaluation and SA...
2023: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38056543/early-developmental-risks-for-tobacco-addiction-a-probabilistic-epigenesis-framework
#10
REVIEW
Leonardo A Ortega, Diana M Aragon-Carvajal, Karen T Cortes-Corso, Felipe Forero-Castillo
Considerable progress has been made in elucidating the relationships between early life psychobiological and environmental risk factors and the development of tobacco addiction. However, a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity in tobacco addiction phenotypes requires integrating research findings. The probabilistic epigenesis meta-theory offers a valuable framework for this integration, considering systemic, multilevel, developmental, and evolutionary perspectives. In this paper, we critically review relevant research on early developmental risks associated with tobacco addiction and highlight the integrative heuristic value of the probabilistic epigenesis framework for this research...
December 4, 2023: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043030/second-and-fourth-2d-4d-digit-ratio-in-heroin-and-cannabis-addicted-patients
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehmet Gurkan Gurok, Sevler Yıldız, Dilek Bakış Aksoy, Aslı Kazğan Kılıçaslan, Muhammed Fatih Tabara, Tuba Yılmaz, Kamer Kaya, Denizhan Danacı Keleş, Şahin Karakaş, Düzgün Şimşek, Murad Atmaca
The etiology of addiction has not yet been fully elucidated. The ratio between the length of the second and fourth fingers (2D:4D ratio) has been linked with prenatal androgen concentrations, but also with addictive behvaiors. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the differences of 2D:4D ratio of individuals with cannabis and heroin addiction by examining them together with the control group. A total of sixty two male patients (33 opiate use disorder and 29 cannabis use disorder) with substance use disorder and the twenty-nine healthy controls were included in the present investigation...
December 3, 2023: Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38026725/biopsychosocial-determinants-of-problematic-pornography-use-a-systematic-review
#12
REVIEW
Seyed Iman Seyedzadeh Dalooyi, Hamidreza Aghamohammadian Sharbaaf, Mohammad Saeed Abdekhodaei, Ali Ghanaei Chamanabad
BACKGROUND: Although some studies have examined the determinants of problematic pornography use (PPU), few systematic comparisons of risk profiles have been conducted so far. Research on risk profiles can shed a bright light on our knowledge of both the early diagnosis and etiology of such highly prevalent disorders. Accordingly, the present study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the determinants of PPU. METHODS: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched, and relevant English articles, including longitudinal and cross-sectional studies on risk factors published from January 2000 to February 2022 were reviewed...
July 2023: Addiction & Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38025387/quantitative-and-qualitative-sex-difference-in-habenula-induced-inhibition-of-midbrain-dopamine-neurons-in-the-rat
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dana Bell, Vaughn J Waldron, P Leon Brown
INTRODUCTION: Clinically relevant sex differences have been noted in a number of affective, behavioral, cognitive, and neurological health disorders. Midbrain dopamine neurons are implicated in several of these same disorders and consequently are under investigation for their potential role in the manifestation of these sex differences. The lateral habenula exerts significant inhibitory control over dopamine neuronal firing, yet little is known about sex differences in this particular neurocircuit...
2023: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022355/adult-william-s-syndrome-the-cause-of-an-unusual-vasculopathy-and-biliary-abnormalities
#14
Philip A Craven, Victor Wycoco, David Prentice
A man in his 50s was diagnosed with William's syndrome (WS) following the investigation of severe vasculopathy and bile duct abnormalities. The vascular lesions included: right carotid artery hypoplasia, tortuous dilated left carotid artery, severe aortic hypoplasia, and pulmonary branch arterial stenoses. The bile ducts were dilated with damaged and inflamed intrahepatic ducts. The patient had been labeled with fetal alcohol syndrome as a consequence of his mother's alcohol addiction. The etiology is thought to be the combined effects and his genetic condition and prenatal alcohol exposure...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38006773/waterpipe-and-cigarette-epigenome-analysis-reveals-markers-implicated-in-addiction-and-smoking-type-inference
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zainab Awada, Vincent Cahais, Cyrille Cuenin, Reem Akika, Anna Luiza Silva Almeida Vicente, Maha Makki, Hani Tamim, Zdenko Herceg, Nathalie Khoueiry Zgheib, Akram Ghantous
Waterpipe smoking is frequent in the Middle East and Africa with emerging prevalence worldwide. The epigenome acts as a molecular sensor to exposures and a crucial driver in several diseases. With the widespread use of waterpipe smoking, it is timely to investigate its epigenomic markers and their role in addiction, as a central player in disease prevention and therapeutic strategies. DNA methylome-wide profiling was performed on an exposure-rich population from the Middle East, constituting of 216 blood samples split equally between never, cigarette-only and waterpipe-only smokers...
October 18, 2023: Environment International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37992453/age-related-patterns-in-high-risk-alcohol-and-cannabis-use-and-their-associations-with-positive-and-negative-affect-in-young-adulthood
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Guttmannova, B H Calhoun, J C Duckworth, G Martinez, C B Fleming, M E Patrick, C M Lee
OBJECTIVE: We examined age-varying associations between young adult simultaneous alcohol and marijuana/cannabis use (SAM) and heavy episodic drinking (HED) and positive and negative affect to inform harm reduction efforts. METHODS: Young adults reporting past-year alcohol use (n = 556; ages 19-25) were recruited in a state where alcohol and nonmedical cannabis use was legal for those 21 +. Participants provided 24 repeated monthly assessments. Among those reporting past-month cannabis use on at least one survey, logistic time-varying effect models estimated (1) the age-varying prevalence of and associations between past-month SAM and HED and (2) age-varying unique associations of affect with SAM and HED...
November 14, 2023: Addictive Behaviors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37990335/operationalization-and-measurement-of-compulsivity-across-video-gaming-and-gambling-behavioral-domains
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ismael Muela, Juan F Navas, Juan R Barrada, José López-Guerrero, Francisco J Rivero, Damien Brevers, José C Perales
BACKGROUND: Compulsivity is the hallmark of addiction progression and, as a construct, has played an important role in unveiling the etiological pathways from learning mechanisms underlying addictive behavior to harms resulting from it. However, a sound use of the compulsivity construct in the field of behavioral addictions has been hindered to date by the lack of consensus regarding its definition and measurement. Here we capitalize on a previous systematic review and expert appraisal to develop a compulsivity scale for candidate behavioral addictions (the Granada Assessment for Cross-domain Compulsivity, GRACC)...
November 21, 2023: BMC Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37975052/profile-of-amoebic-vs-pyogenic-liver-abscess-and-comparison-of-demographical-clinical-and-laboratory-profiles-of-these-patients-from-a-tertiary-care-center-in-northern-india
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepika Sarawat, Gerlin Varghese, Chinmoy Sahu, Nidhi Tejan, Surender Singh, Sangram S Patel, Mohd R Khan
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) and pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) are the most common causes of liver abscess in developing and developed countries, respectively. Although incidence of liver abscess is low, but mortality is high amongst the patients due to delayed diagnosis. The study was done to find out the prevalence of amoebic and PLA among patients of liver abscess. The clinical, personal, and demographical details were also evaluated to find out the risk factor(s) associated with ALA and PLA, respectively...
2023: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37934288/heterogeneity-of-gaming-disorder-a-clinically-based-typology-for-developing-personalized-interventions
#19
REVIEW
Chih-Hung Ko, Orsolya Király, Zsolt Demetrovics, Mark D Griffiths, Takahiro A Kato, Masaru Tateno, Ju-Yu Yen
BACKGROUND: The eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) defines the three key diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder (GD). These are loss of control over gaming, gaming as a priority over daily activities, and impaired functioning due to gaming. While this definition has implications for the prevention and treatment of GD, there is significant heterogeneity in the symptoms and etiology of GD among individuals, which results in different treatment needs...
November 7, 2023: Journal of Behavioral Addictions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37915285/prevalence-and-pattern-of-maxillofacial-injuries-associated-with-domestic-violence-a-retrospective-study-at-a-major-trauma-center
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Yari, Paniz Fasih, Abbas Bagheri, Seyed Sasan Aryanezhad, Mohammad Khosousi Sani
BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aimed to analyze the frequency and pattern of maxillofacial injuries associated with domestic violence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of victims of domestic violence between May 2016 and May 2023 were scrutinized retrospectively. The following data were analyzed: gender and age, history of previous abuse, hospital admission, pregnancy, type of facial injuries, anatomical location of injuries, side of injuries, concomitant injuries, mechanism of impact, treatment modality, and history of drug and alcohol abuse...
November 2, 2023: Dental Traumatology: Official Publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology
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