maternal mortality and teenage pregnancy

Policy Points Policies that increase county income levels, particularly for middle-income households, may reduce low birth weight rates and shrink disparities between Black and White infants. Given the role of aggregate maternal characteristics in predicting low birth weight rates, policies that increase human capital investments (e.g., funding for higher education, job training) could lead to higher income levels while improving population birth outcomes. The association between county income levels and racial disparities in low birth weight is independent of disparities in maternal risks, and thus a broad set of policies aimed at increasing income levels (e...

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent pregnancy remains a difficult problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. Pregnancy at an early age is a risk factor for maternal and infant mortality. A recent report indicates that adolescent pregnancy is even higher in rural areas. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in rural Indonesia and formulate intervention actions to reduce the teenage pregnancy rate. METHODS: Participatory action research (PAR) was conducted in the rural area of Mesuji District, Lampung Province, Indonesia...

BACKGROUND: Inequities in the distribution of and access to maternal and child health care services is pervasive in Ghana. Understanding the drivers of inequity in maternal and child health (MCH) is important to achieving the universal health coverage component of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and poverty reduction in developing countries. However, there is increasing disparities in MCH services, especially in rural -urban, and income quintiles. The study aimed to examine the disparities in maternal and child health care services in Ghana for policy intervention...

BACKGROUND: Maternal mortality among adolescent mothers in South Africa is higher than many middle-income countries. This is largely attributable to conditions that can be prevented or managed by high quality antenatal care. The way in which pregnant adolescents are treated at antenatal clinics influences their timely utilization of antenatal services. This qualitative study reports on the experiences of pregnant adolescents with health care workers when accessing antenatal care. METHODS: Pregnant girls aged 13-19 (n = 19) who attended public health care facilities that provide Basic Antenatal Care (BANC) services in Cape Town, South Africa were recruited...

Background: Lack of male spouse involvement can affect the delays in the decision to take health care facilities, these are the main contributing factor for increasing maternal mortality and child death ratio. Men involvement in reproductive and sexual health including child health is important in reducing teenage pregnancy, maternal mortality, infant mortality, risky abortions, and total fertility rate. This study aimed to assess the awareness and practices of male spouse in maternal care services in rural areas...

Background: The Infant mortality rate indicates the quality of life of a population. Infant mortality has two important components: neonatal mortality, divided into early and late and post-neonatal mortality. The more developed a country is and the greater its population's well-being, the greater the weight of the neonatal component on infant mortality. In addition several factors may determine or be associated with the occurrence of infant deaths including maternal age. The teenage pregnancy rates in Latin America and the Caribbean remain the second highest in the world, In Brazil, between 2010 and 2015, for every thousand adolescents between 15 and 19 years old, about 69 became pregnant and gave birth to their babies...

There is limited data on the trends of childhood viable pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth in the United States. Our study assessed the trends in childhood viable pregnancy and associated stillbirth rates over the previous three decades, as well as the risk of stillbirth in these highly vulnerable child mothers aged 10-14 compared with teen mothers aged 15-19. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that used birth datasets, fetal death datasets, and the US population census data: 1982-2017...

OBJECTIVE: Placental abruption is a significant obstetric complication that affects both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The present study examined the effect of maternal age on the incidence of placental abruption. METHODS: We used data of singleton pregnancies from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, which was a prospective birth cohort study conducted between January 2011 and March 2014 across 15 regional centers in Japan. A multiple regression model was used to identify whether maternal age (<20 years, 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, and ≥35 years) is a risk factor for placental abruption...

BACKGROUND: Eclampsia is a tonic clonic type of seizure among pre-eclamptic mothers. Time to recovery from eclampsia is to mean that the time when the mother recovered from severity features of pre-eclampsia. As far as the mother is not free from severity features, she is in a potential to end-up with repeated seizure (eclampsia). Therefore, combating eclampsia through controlling severity features is crucial to enhance maternal health quality, reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, and improve prenatal outcomes...

Background : According to the World Health Organization, teenage pregnancies are high-risk due to increased risks of fetal and infant morbidity and mortality. This study compares adverse fetal outcomes between teen and adult pregnant women from rural Eastern Ethiopia. Methods : Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women visiting maternity units from surrounding rural areas. A total of 481 teenagers (13-19 years old) and 481 adults (20-34 years old) women with a singleton pregnancy were included in the study...

Services aimed at improving the health of infants, children and mothers have developed over the years since the initiation of the Seychelles Child Development Study. This paper describes the policies, procedures and facilities and how they have impacted on service provision. The utilisation of antenatal, perinatal and child health services, both in the hospital and community settings, are described. The successes and challenges are illustrated by describing fertility, abortion, teenage pregnancy and infant mortality...

BACKGROUND: Existing studies evaluating the association between maternal risk factors and specific infant outcomes such as birthweight, injury admissions, and mortality have mostly focused on single risk factors. We aimed to identify routinely recorded psychosocial characteristics of pregnant women most at risk of adverse infant outcomes to inform targeting of early intervention. METHODS: We created a cohort using administrative hospital data (Hospital Episode Statistics) for all births to mothers aged 15-44 years in England, UK, who gave birth on or after April 1, 2010, and who were discharged before or on March 31, 2015...

INTRODUCTION: the prevailing high maternal mortality and morbidity rate among pregnant adolescents in Nigeria underscores all efforts said to have been made to tackle maternal deaths among this population. Not much research has been done to ascertain the reasons associated with the poor utilisation of Maternal Health Services (MHS) by pregnant teenagers. This study, therefore, explored the extent and determinants of MHS utilisation among pregnant teenagers in Delta State. METHODS: this study made use of a mixed cross-sectional study design...

Prevalence of teenage pregnancy is very high in the Central Region of Ghana. Although, pregnant teenagers are perceived to be high-risk mothers, very little has been documented about obstetric outcomes among these mothers in Ghana. This case-control observational study compared maternal and perinatal outcomes between teen and adult mothers in the Cape Coast metropolis. Data on maternal and perinatal outcome variables were collected with a data extraction form from maternal history record and delivery record books of 505 teens and 501 adults...

Background and Aims: Mothers constitute an important and priority group in any community due to their high pregnancy related morbidities and mortality. The prevention of pregnancy related complications was possible with proper utilisation of maternal health care services. This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the utilisation of maternal health care services among mothers with younger child aged ≤3 years in slums of Kolkata, West Bengal and to find out the factors associated with it...

Background: A significant number of girls in Ethiopia begin childbearing at an early age. Teenage pregnancy is the main contributor to maternal and child morbidity and mortality, and the vicious cycle of ill-health and poverty. However limited evidence exists about individual- and community-level factors affecting teenage pregnancy in Ethiopia. Methods: This study used data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A total of 3381 (weighted) teenagers aged 15-19 years were included in the study...

When compared with births among women aged 20 and over, teen pregnancies result in higher rates of neonatal and infant mortality, preterm birth, low birthweight, and maternal complications (1,2). Despite the declining birth rate for teenagers aged 15-19 since 1991, differences continue to occur in the mortality of infants born to teenagers by race and ethnicity and cause of death (1,3). This report examines 2017-2018 linked birth/infant death data from the National Vital Statistics System to describe the recent pattern in racial and ethnic differences in mortality and the leading causes of death for infants born to teen mothers aged 15-19...

BACKGROUND: Eclampsia remains a major cause of maternal mortality, particularly in teenage pregnancies. Healthcare professionals providing antenatal must regard teenagers as a high risk group for the pre-eclampsia-eclampsia syndrome. SETTING: Data extracted from the South African Saving Mothers Report: 2014-2016. AIM: To establish the clinical details in teenage maternal deaths owing to eclampsia. METHOD: Retrospective review of the case records and maternal death assessment forms of teenagers that died due to eclampsia during 2014-2016...

Introduction: The birth rate of late premature babies has been increasing in recent years, composing now 75% of all premature births. This growing trend can be explained by different demographic transformations such as an increase in the demand for infertility treatments, older maternal age and the higher incidence of multiple pregnancies, cesarean sections, and labor induction. These premature babies contribute 30% to the global neonatal mortality rate. Objective: To identify the factors associated with late prematurity at the Hospital Universitario del Valle during the years 2013-2014...

BACKGROUND: Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. In addition, Lao PDR has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in southeast Asia and a high maternal mortality ratio. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive exploration of factors that influence SRH knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adolescents in Bokeo Province, Lao PDR. METHOD: Data from the Adolescent Girl Situation Analysis cross-sectional study, collected in 2018 using a mixed-method approach with 837 adolescents aged 10-19, and key informant interviews, were analysed...