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REVIEW
Ruiyi Zhang, Emily Wuerch, V Wee Yong, Mengzhou Xue
The unfavorable prognosis of many neurological conditions could be attributed to limited tissue regeneration in central nervous system (CNS) and overwhelming inflammation, while liver X receptor (LXR) may regulate both processes due to its pivotal role in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory response, and thus receives increasing attentions from neuroscientists and clinicians. Here, we summarize the signal transduction of LXR pathway, discuss the therapeutic potentials of LXR agonists based on preclinical data using different disease models, and analyze the dilemma and possible resolutions for clinical translation to encourage further investigations of LXR related therapies in CNS disorders...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Neuroinflammation
#22
REVIEW
Olivia Hawksworth, Robin Chatters, Steven Julious, Andrew Cook, Katie Biggs, Kiera Solaiman, Michael C H Quah, Sxe Chang Cheong
BACKGROUND: n-of-1 trials are a type of crossover trial designed to optimise the evaluation of health technologies in individual patients. This trial design may be considered for the evaluation of health technologies in rare conditions where fewer patients are available to take part in research. This review describes the characteristics of randomised n-of-1 trials conducted over the span of 12 years, including how the n-of-1 design has been employed to study both rare and non-rare conditions...
April 16, 2024: Trials
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meghan R Hutch, Jiyeon Son, Trang T Le, Chuan Hong, Xuan Wang, Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Michele Morris, Alba Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Jeffrey G Klann, Anastasia Spiridou, Ashley Batugo, Riccardo Bellazzi, Vincent Benoit, Clara-Lea Bonzel, William A Bryant, Lorenzo Chiudinelli, Kelly Cho, Priyam Das, Tomás González González, David A Hanauer, Darren W Henderson, Yuk-Lam Ho, Ne Hooi Will Loh, Adeline Makoudjou, Simran Makwana, Alberto Malovini, Bertrand Moal, Danielle L Mowery, Antoine Neuraz, Malarkodi Jebathilagam Samayamuthu, Fernando J Sanz Vidorreta, Emily R Schriver, Petra Schubert, Jeffery Talbert, Amelia L M Tan, Byorn W L Tan, Bryce W Q Tan, Valentina Tibollo, Patric Tippman, Guillaume Verdy, William Yuan, Paul Avillach, Nils Gehlenborg, Gilbert S Omenn, Shyam Visweswaran, Tianxi Cai, Yuan Luo, Zongqi Xia
Few studies examining the patient outcomes of concurrent neurological manifestations during acute COVID-19 leveraged multinational cohorts of adults and children or distinguished between central and peripheral nervous system (CNS vs. PNS) involvement. Using a federated multinational network in which local clinicians and informatics experts curated the electronic health records data, we evaluated the risk of prolonged hospitalization and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 21 healthcare systems across 7 countries...
April 2024: PLOS Digit Health
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nagat F Nawar, Doha M Beltagy, Tarek M Mohamed, Ehab Tousson, Mai M El-Keey
Alzheimer's disease (ad) is a neurological condition that worsens over time and is characterized by the buildup of amyloid (Aβ) plaques in the brain parenchyma. Neuroprotection and cholinesterase inhibition have been the two primary techniques used in the creation of medications to date. In ad, a novel sort of programmed cell death known as ferroptosis takes place along with iron buildup, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione deficiency. The objective of the current investigation was to examine the neuroprotective and anti-ferroptotic role of nanocurcumin and Donepezil against model of aluminum chloride AlCl3 and D-galactose induced ad...
April 2024: Toxicology Research
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathryn E McCombs, Julie MacLean, Sara A Finkelstein, Susan Goedeken, David L Perez, Jessica Ranford
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Occupational therapy (OT) consensus recommendations and articles outlining a sensory-based OT intervention for functional neurological disorder (FND) have been published. However, limited research has been conducted to examine the efficacy of OT interventions for FND. We performed a retrospective cohort study aimed at independently replicating preliminarily characterized sensory processing difficulties in patients with FND and reporting on clinical outcomes of a sensory-based OT treatment in this population...
June 2024: Neurology. Clinical Practice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wanyun Huang, Jose C Cano, Karine Fénelon
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the auditory startle response, a key measure of sensorimotor gating, diminishes with age and is impaired in various neurological conditions. While PPI deficits are often associated with cognitive impairments, their reversal is routinely used in experimental systems for antipsychotic drug screening. Yet, the cellular and circuit-level mechanisms of PPI remain unclear, even under non-pathological conditions. We recently showed that brainstem neurons located in the caudal pontine reticular nucleus (PnC) expressing the glycine transporter type 2 (GlyT2± ) receive inputs from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and contribute to PPI but via an uncharted pathway...
April 12, 2024: Brain Research
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan P Rogers, Michael S Zandi, Anthony S David
Catatonia is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome that affects emotion, speech, movement and complex behaviour. It can occur in a wide range of psychiatric and neurological conditions, including depression, mania, schizophrenia, autism, autoimmune encephalitis (particularly NMDAR encephalitis), systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid disease, epilepsy and medication-induced and -withdrawal states. This concise guideline highlights key recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP) Catatonia Guideline, published in April 2023...
May 2023: Clinical Medicine: Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London
#28
REVIEW
Jan Koptielow, Emilia Szyłak, Olga Szewczyk-Roszczenko, Piotr Roszczenko, Jan Kochanowicz, Alina Kułakowska, Monika Chorąży
A neurological condition called dystonia results in abnormal, uncontrollable postures or movements because of sporadic or continuous muscular spasms. Several varieties of dystonia can impact people of all ages, leading to severe impairment and a decreased standard of living. The discovery of genes causing variations of single or mixed dystonia has improved our understanding of the disease's etiology. Genetic dystonias are linked to several genes, including pathogenic variations of VPS16, TOR1A, THAP1, GNAL, and ANO3...
March 22, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jasleen Kaur, Edward D Boyd, Guangliang Ding, Li Zhang, Hao Luo, Qingjiang Li, Lian Li, Min Wei, Julie Landschoot-Ward, Michael Chopp, Zhenggang Zhang, Quan Jiang
The glymphatic system suggests the convective bulk flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through perivascular spaces and the interstitial spaces of the brain parenchyma for the rapid removal of toxic waste solutes from the brain. However, the presence of convective bulk flow within the brain interstitial spaces is still under debate. We first addressed this argument to determine the involvement of the glymphatic system in brain waste clearance utilizing contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and confocal microscopy imaging...
March 29, 2024: Diagnostics
#30
REVIEW
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, Laura Redondo-Flórez, Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco, Pedro Belinchón-deMiguel, Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo, Agustín Curiel-Regueros, Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez, José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
This comprehensive review explores the dynamic relationship between sports, nutrition, and neurological health. Focusing on recent clinical advancements, it examines how physical activity and dietary practices influence the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of various neurological conditions. The review highlights the role of neuroimaging in understanding these interactions, discusses emerging technologies in neurotherapeutic interventions, and evaluates the efficacy of sports and nutritional strategies in enhancing neurological recovery...
April 2, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
#31
REVIEW
Xixi Liu, Lu Shen, Meidan Wan, Hui Xie, Zhenxing Wang
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis epitomize a class of insidious and relentless neurological conditions that are difficult to cure. Conventional therapeutic regimens often fail due to the late onset of symptoms, which occurs well after irreversible neurodegeneration has begun. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) further impedes efficacious drug delivery to the central nervous system, presenting a formidable challenge in the pharmacological treatment of NDDs...
April 12, 2024: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nishant Gobbur, Subhas K Konar, Gyani J S Birua, Abhinith Shashidhar, Arivazhagan A
Mirror movements, characterized by involuntary symmetrical movements in contralateral body parts during intentional movements, have been associated with various neurological conditions. Limited dorsal myeloschisis (LDM), a rare form of spinal dysraphism, is defined by a focal closed midline defect and a fibro-neural stalk connecting the skin lesion to the underlying cord. We present a unique case of a 4-year-old girl with cervical LDM exhibiting mirror movements. The patient underwent surgical exploration, skin tag excision, fibrous tract removal, and cervical spinal cord detethering...
April 12, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
#33
REVIEW
LaTanya Lofton Hogue, Michael Kennelly
This article discusses the ideal neurogenic bladder management team for patients who have neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). It emphasizes the importance of a diverse team, including urologists, physiatrists, neurologist and others, working collaboratively to prevent complications and enhance patient outcomes. Owing to the unique nuances of the various neurologic conditions and patterns of NLUTD dysfunction, the roles of different specialists in the interdisciplinary team are outlined. This article describes 3 team models: multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary, highlighting the benefits of collaborative approaches...
May 2024: Urologic Clinics of North America
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoning Jiang, Xiaoli Han, Tiantian Kong, Yan Wu, Ligang Shan, Zhuqing Yang, Yanlong Liu, Fan Wang
OBJECTIVES: Impulsive behavior is the precursor of many psychiatric and neurological conditions. High levels of impulsive behavior will increase health risk behavior and related injuries. Impulsive behavior is produced and regulated by central and peripheral biological factors, and oxidative stress (OS) can aggravate it. However, previous studies only showed that impulsive behavior was related to the level of the peripheral OS. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the relationship between OS and impulsive behavior in the brain and peripheral blood...
April 10, 2024: Brain Research
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara Austin, Jennifer Smith, Borsika Rabin, Laurie Lindamer, James Pittman, Staley Justice, Elizabeth W Twamley, Crystal Lantrip
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs) entail perceived difficulties in thinking or memory, often reported without substantial objective evidence of cognitive impairment. These concerns are prevalent among individuals with a history of brain injuries, neurological conditions, or chronic illnesses, contributing to both psychological distress and functional limitations. They are increasingly considered to be a risk factor for future objective decline. A considerable number of individuals reporting SCCs also exhibit mental health symptoms, such as a history of trauma, depression, or anxiety...
April 12, 2024: JMIR Formative Research
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiun-Jia Li, Chin-Fong Au
OBJECTIVE: To emphasize preventive measures and outline management strategies for inadvertent ureteral cannulation. METHODS: We present a case report and conduct a literature review of 39 case reports on ureteral cannulation, examining a total of 48 patients. RESULTS: About 67% of the cases were female, and long-term catheterization was observed in 67% of the cases. Neurological conditions such as spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, dementia, multiple sclerosis, and myasthenia gravis were the primary factors (48%) in ureteral cannulation...
April 12, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Harris
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 12, 2024: JAMA
#38
REVIEW
Andy Cheuk-Him Ng, Mohamed Chahine, Morris H Scantlebury, Juan P Appendino
Pathogenic variants in genes encoding ion channels are causal for various pediatric and adult neurological conditions. In particular, several epilepsy syndromes have been identified to be caused by specific channelopathies. These encompass a spectrum from self-limited epilepsies to developmental and epileptic encephalopathies spanning genetic and acquired causes. Several of these channelopathies have exquisite responses to specific antiseizure medications (ASMs), while others ASMs may prove ineffective or even worsen seizures...
April 12, 2024: Journal of Neurology
#39
REVIEW
Clinical practice guidelines on the management of status epilepticus in adults: A systematic review.
Luca Vignatelli, Valentina Tontini, Stefano Meletti, Maria Camerlingo, Stefania Mazzoni, Giada Giovannini, Elena Pasini, Roberto Michelucci, Francesca Bisulli, Paolo Tinuper, Lidia Di Vito
OBJECTIVE: Status epilepticus (SE) is the second most common neurological emergency in adults. Despite improvements in the management of acute neurological conditions over the last decade, mortality is still durably high. Because a gap has emerged between SE management based on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and actual clinical practice, we conducted a systematic review of CPGs, assessing their quality, outlining commonalities and discrepancies in recommendations, and highlighting research gaps...
April 12, 2024: Epilepsia
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabricio O Lima, Felipe A Rocha, Henrique C Silva, Volker Puetz, Diederik Dippel, Ido van den Wijngaard, Charles Majoie, Albert J Yoo, Wim van Zwam, Adson F de Lucena, Diego De Almeida Bandeira, Martin Arndt, Kristian Barlinn, Johannes C Gerber, Lucianne C M Langezaal, Wouter J Schonewille, Octávio M Pontes Neto, Francisco Antunes Dias, Sheila Ouriques Martins, Francisco José de A Mont'Alverne
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE: Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is still one of the most devastating neurological conditions associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the present study, we aimed to assess the role of posterior circulation collaterals as predictors of outcome in the BASICS trial and to compare two grading systems (BATMAN score and PC-CS) in terms of prognostic value. METHODS: We performed a sub-analysis of the BASICS trial. Baseline clinical and imaging variables were analyzed...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
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