neutrophilic leukemia

INTRODUCTION: Thrombocytopenia is among the most common complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity with no standard treatment yet. In this multicenter and retrospective study, we aim to present our multi-center experience of Eltrombopag treatment in patients with isolated thrombocytopenia following HSCT. MATERIAL-METHOD: A total of 73 patients from 5 centers who underwent autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation, had no primary disease relapse, all of whom had neutrophil engraftment, complete chimerism, and who were diagnosed with Prolonged Isolated Thrombocytopenia (PIT) or Secondary Failure Of Platelet Recovery (SFPR) were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Cladribine, an analogue of deoxyadenosine, is used for therapy of hematological malignancies. Cladribine-containing regimen has been recommended as a rescue therapy for relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Its combination with busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BuCy), as an intensive conditioning regimen prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), requires more clinical evidence. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of cladribine plus BuCy administered as an intensive conditioning regimen before allo-HSCT in R/R AML patients...

E-selectin, a cytoadhesive glycoprotein, is expressed on venular endothelial cells and mediates leukocyte localization to inflamed endothelium, the first step in inflammatory cell extravasation into tissue. Constitutive marrow endothelial E-selectin expression also supports bone marrow hematopoiesis via NF-κB-mediated signaling. Correspondingly, E-selectin interaction with E-selectin ligand (sialyl Lewisx ) on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells leads to chemotherapy resistance in vivo. Uproleselan (GMI-1271) is a carbohydrate analog of sialyl Lewisx that blocks E-selectin binding...

PURPOSE: Two cases are described of necrotizing Sweet syndrome (nSS), a rare variant of acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis that mimics necrotizing soft tissue infections. OBSERVATION: A 74-year-old female with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) presented with isolated periorbital nSS that closely mimicked necrotizing fasciitis (NF); she displayed pathergy to debridement, was exquisitely responsive to corticosteroids, and underwent successful first-stage reconstruction of the eyelid with full-thickness skin grafting...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: Sepsis is the main cause of nonrelapse mortality, and there are no published data on applicability of supportive care protocols from high-income countries such as Sri Lanka. The aim of the study was to investigate management and mortality of neutropenic episodes among Hemato-Oncology patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, management, morbidity, and mortality of neutropenic Hemato-Oncology patients presented to the Lanka Hospital Blood Cancer Centre from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 was performed...

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a clinicopathologic illness caused by excessive alcohol abuse and is a precursor of cirrhosis. The leukemoid reaction (LR) is characterized by a strikingly raised granulocyte count of 40,000-50,000 cells/mm3 . The LR usually suggests an acute inflammatory reaction. It is usually mistaken for chronic myeloid leukemia. The initial phase of leukocytosis occurs due to the releasing of cells from the bone marrow with more immature cells, causing a left upper shift in the ratio of immature to mature neutrophils and macrophages...

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is an important sensor for innate immune cells, including neutrophils, for the recognition of pathogen infection. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, is a TLR2 ligand. LTA-induced TLR2 signaling pathways are well established in neutrophils. However, experimental studies regarding transcriptional regulation and the molecular mechanisms in primary human neutrophils are limited due to their short lifespan. The promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, can differentiate into a neutrophil-like phenotype following treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T - ALL)/T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is an uncommon but highly aggressive hematological malignancy. It has high recurrence and mortality rates and is challenging to treat. This study conducted bioinformatics analyses, compared genetic expression profiles of healthy controls with patients having T-ALL/T-LBL, and verified the results through serological indicators. Data were acquired from the GSE48558 dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). T-ALL patients and normal T cells-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated using the online analysis tool GEO2R in GEO, identifying 78 upregulated and 130 downregulated genes...

Objective: To investigate the effect of plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (PLAUR) gene on neutrophil activation and apoptosis in neutrophil-like cell model. Methods: Human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL60 was cultured in vitro and induced to differentiate into neutrophil-like cells by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Lentiviral vectors interfering with human PLAUR gene was constructed and transfected into neutrophil-like cells (siRNA group). The phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group (untransfected neutrophil-like cells) and normal blank control group (NC group) (neutrophil-like cells transfected with blank plasmid) were used as controls ( n =3)...

OBJECTIVES: Ibrutinib, a first-generation covalent BTK inhibitor was found to be a risk factor for the occurrence of invasive fungal complications. Acalabrutinib is a second-generation covalent BTKi using to treat B-cell malignancies. Healthy donor neutrophils incubated ex-vivo with acalabrutinib lose ability to control Aspergillus conidia germination. In patients receiving acalabrutinib, the potential effect on neutrophil antifungal activity is unknown. Furthermore, only two cases of invasive aspergillosis have been reported during treatment with acalabrutinib, outside of a few cases in a clinical trial...

While the introduction of T cell-based immunotherapies has improved outcomes in many cancer types, the development of immunotherapies for both adult and pediatric AML has been relatively slow and limited. In addition to the need to identify suitable target antigens, a better understanding of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is necessary for the design of novel immunotherapy approaches. To date, most immune characterization studies in AML have focused on T cells, while innate immune lineages such as monocytes, granulocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, received less attention...

INTRODUCTION: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare noninfectious neutrophilic skin disease. The diagnosis of PG is mainly based on clinical manifestations. Therefore, the clinical features of PG are important for confirming the diagnosis of this disease. Herein, the clinical data of 2 young males with PG complicated with hematological malignancies were reported, and the literature were reviewed. CASE PRESENTATION: The first case was a 22-year-old male who was admitted due to a systemic rash, headache, and fever...

BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) remains the only available curative treatment for Fanconi Anemia (FA), with particularly favorable outcomes reported after matched sibling donor (MSD) transplant. OBJECTIVES: To describe outcomes, with a special focus on late complications, in FA patients who underwent umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of allogeneic UCBT for FA performed between 1988 and 2021 in European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) affiliated centers...

Neutrophilic dermatosis of the hands (NDDH) is a localized variant of Sweet's syndrome which has been recently introduced. Strutton et al.in 1996 and then in Galaria et al. in 2000 reported cases with violaceous papulonodules on the dorsal surfaces of the hands with histopathological findings of a neutrophilic dermatosis in association with leukocytoclasia, but clinically and histologically without true vasculitis findings. Eventually, they proposed the term NDDH for these lesions (1,2). A 46-year-old man was referred to our outpatient dermatology clinic with a painful ulcerative lesion on the dorsal side of the left hand that had been present for one year...

BACKGROUND AIMS: Daratumumab, a human IgG monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, is a promising treatment for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). We describe a case of delayed engraftment following a mismatched, unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) in a 14-year-old female with relapsed T-ALL, treated with daratumumab and chemotherapy. By Day 28 post-HSCT, the patient had no neutrophil engraftment but full donor myeloid chimerism...

Linear mixed models are traditionally used for jointly modeling (multivariate) longitudinal outcomes and event-time(s). However, when the outcomes are non-Gaussian a quantile regression model is more appropriate. In addition, in the presence of some time-varying covariates, it might be of interest to see how the effects of different covariates vary from one quantile level (of outcomes) to the other, and consequently how the event-time changes across different quantiles. For such analyses linear quantile mixed models can be used, and an efficient computational algorithm can be developed...

BCR::ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) form a distinct group of hematologic malignancies characterized by sustained proliferation of cells from multiple myeloid lineages. With a median survival of 16-35 months in patients with high-risk disease, primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is considered the most aggressive entity amongst all BCR::ABL1 MPNs. Additionally, a significant subset of patients evolves into secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) which has an even poorer prognosis compared to de novo AML...

In 2005, a new histologic variant of Sweet syndrome (SS) has been described and termed histiocytoid SS (HSS). Clinically, patients had a typical SS, but on skin biopsy, the infiltrates were composed of immature nonblast myeloid cells. Nearly 50% of patients with HSS have myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). HSS may be the first manifestation leading to the diagnosis of MDS. In 2015, a new category of myeloid dermatosis has been proposed, called myelodysplasia cutis, describing the specific skin infiltration by myelodysplastic cells in patients with MDS...