Mark J Kelly, Eleanor Grant, Andrew G Murchison, Sophie Binks, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Sophia Michael, Adam E Handel, Lahiru Handunnetthi, Christopher E Uy, John N Soltys, Divyanshu Dubey, Gregory S Day, A Sebastian Lopez-Chiriboga, Eoin P Flanagan, Fintan Sheerin, Sarosh R Irani
IMPORTANCE: Rapid and accurate diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis encourages prompt initiation of immunotherapy toward improved patient outcomes. However, clinical features alone may not sufficiently narrow the differential diagnosis, and awaiting autoantibody results can delay immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To identify simple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics that accurately distinguish 2 common forms of autoimmune encephalitis, LGI1- and CASPR2-antibody encephalitis (LGI1/CASPR2-Ab-E), from 2 major differential diagnoses, viral encephalitis (VE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)...
March 18, 2024: JAMA Neurology