Emergency Efficiency

While CRISPR-Cas9 technology has demonstrated remarkable promise as a gene editing tool, its application in certain insects, such as the jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, has been hindered by a lack of a tractable method for reagent delivery. Direct Parental-CRISPR (DIPA-CRISPR) recently emerged as a facile way to induce gene lesions because it involves adult injection with commercially available Cas9-sgRNA with no helper reagent. However, DIPA-CRISPR has so far been tested in only a few insects. Here, we have assessed the viability of DIPA-CRISPR in N...

This study focuses on the effect of an emerging source of waste, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode materials, on the hydrometallurgical recycling of the currently dominant industrial battery waste that is rich in transition metals (Ni, Co, Mn, and Li). The effects of the dosage of LFP, initial acidity, and timing of LFP reductant addition were investigated in sulfuric acid (H2 SO4 ) leaching (t = 3 h, T = 60 °C, ω = 300 rpm). The results showed that addition of LFP increased both transition metal extraction and acid consumption...

The recent use of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in the maintenance treatment of ovarian tumor has significantly improved the survival rates of cancer patients. However, the current oral administration of PARP inhibitors fails to realize optimal therapeutic effects due to the low bioavailability in cancerous tissues, and often leads to a range of systemic adverse effects including hematologic toxicities, digestive system reactions, and neurotoxicities. Therefore, the demand for an advanced drug delivery system that can ensure effective drug administration while minimizing these unfavorable reactions is pressing...

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most persistent compounds that get contaminated in the soil and water. Nearly 16 PAHs was considered to be a very toxic according US protection Agency. Though its concentration level is low in the environments but the effects due to it, is enormous. Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) is an emergent methodology towards treating such pollutants with low and high molecular weight of complex substances. In this study, sulfate radical (SO4 ‾•) based AOP is emphasized for purging PAH from different sources...

The strategic integration of multi-functionalities within a singular nanoplatform has received growing attention for enhancing treatment efficacy, particularly in chemo-photothermal therapy. This study introduces a comprehensive concept of Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) composed of Au and Fe3 O4 nanostructures intricately bonded with β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) to encapsulate 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Ibuprofen (IBU). This strategic structure is engineered to exploit the synergistic effects of chemo-photothermal therapy, underscored by their exceptional biocompatibility and photothermal conversion efficiency (∼32...

The increasing emergence and re-emergence of RNA virus outbreaks underlines the urgent need to develop effective antivirals. RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism that is triggered by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), which exhibits significant promise for antiviral therapy. AGO2-dependent shRNA (agshRNA) generates a single-stranded guide RNA and presents significant advantages over traditional siRNA and shRNA. In this study, we applied a logistic regression algorithm to a previously published chemically siRNA efficacy dataset and built a machine learning-based model with high predictive power...

The global β-glucosidase market is currently estimated at ∼400 million USD, and it is expected to double in the next six years; a trend that is mainly ascribed to the demand for the enzyme for biofuel processing. Microbial β-glucosidase, particularly, has thus garnered significant attention due to its ease of production, catalytic efficiency, and versatility, which have all facilitated its biotechnological potential across different industries. Hence, there are continued efforts to screen, produce, purify, characterize and evaluate the industrial applicability of β-glucosidase from actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts...

This review article explores the challenges associated with landfill leachate resulting from the increasing disposal of municipal solid waste in landfills and open areas. The composition of landfill leachate includes antibiotics (0.001 to 100 μg), heavy metals (0.001 to 1.4 g/L), dissolved organic and inorganic components, and xenobiotics including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (10-25 μg/L). Conventional treatment methods, such as biological (microbial and phytoremediation) and physicochemical (electrochemical and membrane-based) techniques, are available but face limitations in terms of cost, accuracy, and environmental risks...

The great potential of K1/2 Bi1/2 TiO3 (KBT) for dielectric energy storage ceramics is impeded by its low dielectric breakdown strength, thereby limiting its utilization of high polarization. This study develops a novel composition, 0.83KBT-0.095Na1/2 Bi1/2 ZrO3 -0.075 Bi0.85 Nd0.15 FeO3 (KNBNTF) ceramics, demonstrating outstanding energy storage performance under high electric fields up to 425 kV cm-1 : a remarkable recoverable energy density of 7.03 J cm-3 , and a high efficiency of 86...

The growing demand for fossil fuels and subsequent CO2 emissions prompted a search for alternate sources of energy and a reduction in CO2 . Photocatalysis driven by solar light has been found as a potential research area to tackle both these problems. In this direction, SAC@MOF (Single-atom loaded MOFs) photocatalysis is an emerging field and a promising technology. The unique properties of single-atom catalysts (SACs), such as high catalytic activity and selectivity, are leveraged in these systems. Photocatalysis, focusing on the utilization of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as platforms for creating single-atom catalysts (SACs) characterized by metal single-atoms (SAs) as their active sites, are noted for their unparalleled atomic efficiency, precisely defined active sites, and superior photocatalytic performance...

Traditional laboratory-based water quality monitoring and testing approaches are soon to be outdated, mainly because of the need for real-time feedback and immediate responses to emergencies. The more recent wireless sensor network (WSN)-based techniques are evolving to alleviate the problems of monitoring, coverage, and energy management, among others. The inclusion of the Internet of Things (IoT) in WSN techniques can further lead to their improvement in delivering, in real time, effective and efficient water-monitoring systems, reaping from the benefits of IoT wireless systems...

Intelligent compaction (IC) has emerged as a breakthrough technology that utilizes advanced sensing, data transmission, and control systems to optimize asphalt pavement compaction quality and efficiency. However, accurate assessment of compaction status remains challenging under real construction conditions. This paper reviewed recent progress and applications of smart sensors and machine learning (ML) to address existing limitations in IC. The principles and components of various advanced sensors deployed in IC systems were introduced, including SmartRock, fiber Bragg grating, and integrated circuit piezoelectric acceleration sensors...

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a rapidly developing emerging non-invasive biomedical imaging technique that combines the strong contrast from optical absorption imaging and the high resolution from acoustic imaging. Abnormal biological tissues (such as tumors and inflammation) generate different levels of thermal expansion after absorbing optical energy, producing distinct acoustic signals from normal tissues. This technique can detect small tissue lesions in biological tissues and has demonstrated significant potential for applications in tumor research, melanoma detection, and cardiovascular disease diagnosis...

Conduits are plastic tubes extensively used to safeguard electrical cables, traditionally made from PVC. Recent safety guidelines seek alternatives due to PVC's emission of thick smoke and toxic gases upon fire incidents. Polypropylene (PP) is emerging as a viable alternative but requires modification with suitable halogen-free additives to attain flame retardancy (FR) while maintaining high mechanical strength and weathering resistance, especially for outdoor applications. The objective of this study was to develop two FR systems for PP: one comprising a cyclic phosphonate ester and a monomeric N-alkoxy hindered amine adjuvant achieving V0, and another with hypophosphite and bromine moieties, along with a NOR-HAS adjuvant achieving V2...

Magnetorheological (MR) materials are smart materials that can change their rheological characteristics when exposed to a magnetic field. Such rheological properties include viscosity and dynamic modulus. MR materials have emerged as one of the most efficient smart materials that can modify mechanical and viscoelastic characteristics. Depending on the medium used, MR materials can be classified into two types: magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) and magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). MREs are classified as isotropic or anisotropic based on CIP distribution inside the elastomer matrix...

Polymers derived from natural biomass have emerged as a valuable resource in the field of biomedicine due to their versatility. Polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, and lignin have demonstrated promising results in various applications, including drug delivery design. However, several challenges need to be addressed to realize the full potential of these polymers. The current paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research and perspectives in this area, with a particular focus on developing effective methods and efficient drug delivery systems...

Water evaporation-driven energy harvesting is an emerging mechanism for contributing to green energy production with low cost. Herein, we developed polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber-based evaporation-driven electricity generators (PEEGs) to confirm the feasibility of utilizing electrospun PAN nanofiber mats in an evaporation-driven energy harvesting system. However, PAN nanofiber mats require a support substrate to enhance its durability and stability when it is applied to an evaporation-driven energy generator, which could have additional effects on generation performance...

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a molecular cytogenetic technique that enables the visualization and identification of specific DNA sequences within chromosomes, has emerged as a pivotal tool in plant breeding programs, particularly in the case of Veronica species. Veronica , a genus with a complex reproductive system, often poses challenges in accurately identifying hybrids because of its tendency to hybridize, which leads to intricate genetic variation. This study focused on the use of FISH as a prescreening method to identify true hybrids in Veronica breeding programs...

As young workers prefer urban labors and migrate to USA and Canada, mango harvesting is becoming scarce on Mexican coasts. This seasonal labor is becoming expensive and when many orchards produce fruit simultaneously, grower losses increase. In this research, an innovative fruit detachment method was tested after applying a viscous paste to the pedicel of mango fruits hanging in the tree. Activated carbon or charcoal (AC), was mixed with different amounts of nitric acid to provide three AC composite blends named: light, medium, and dense...

Boron toxicity significantly hinders the growth and development of cotton plants, therefore affecting the yield and quality of this important cash crop worldwide. Limited studies have explored the efficacy of ZnSO4 (zinc sulfate) and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in alleviating boron toxicity. Nanoparticles have emerged as a novel strategy to reduce abiotic stress directly. The precise mechanism underlying the alleviation of boron toxicity by ZnO NPs in cotton remains unclear. In this study, ZnO NPs demonstrated superior potential for alleviating boron toxicity compared to ZnSO4 in hydroponically cultivated cotton seedlings...