keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35925209/criteria-for-preliminary-risk-assessment-of-brownfield-site-an-international-survey-of-experts
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charf Mahammedi, Lamine Mahdjoubi, Colin Booth, Russell Bowman, Talib E Butt
Comprehensive risk assessment of brownfield sites requires a broad range of knowledge and multi-disciplinary expertise. Whilst the identification of criteria requirements for preliminary risk assessment has received some attention, there appears to be no studies that have specifically examined professional perspectives relating to these requirements. Yet, variations in professional practitioners' assessments may have significant consequences for the assessment of risks, and how the criteria are imparted to stakeholders...
October 2022: Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35879782/seroprevalence-of-vector-borne-pathogens-in-outdoor-workers-from-southern-italy-and-associated-occupational-risk-factors
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angela Stufano, Roberta Iatta, Giovanni Sgroi, Hamid Reza Jahantigh, Francesco Cagnazzo, Agnes Flöel, Guglielmo Lucchese, Daniela Loconsole, Francesca Centrone, Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan, Maria Chironna, Domenico Otranto, Piero Lovreglio
BACKGROUND: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) represent an emerging global threat to public health due to the geographical expansion of arthropod vectors. The study aims to assess the seroprevalence of selected vector-borne pathogens (VBPs) in different groups of outdoor workers and the occupational risk factors for exposure to arthropod bites. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 workers recruited in two different regions of southern Italy, including farmers, forestry workers, veterinarians, geologists/agronomists and administrative employees, and tested for IgG antibodies against Bartonella henselae, Borrelia spp...
July 25, 2022: Parasites & Vectors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35804036/new-insights-into-permeability-determination-by-coupling-stoneley-wave-propagation-and-conventional-petrophysical-logs-in-carbonate-oil-reservoirs
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alireza Rostami, Ali Kordavani, Shahin Parchekhari, Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abbas Helalizadeh
The need to determine permeability at different stages of evaluation, completion, optimization of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) operations, and reservoir modeling and management is reflected. Therefore, various methods with distinct efficiency for the evaluation of permeability have been proposed by engineers and petroleum geologists. The oil industry uses acoustic and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) loggings extensively to determine permeability quantitatively. However, because the number of available NMR logs is not enough and there is a significant difficulty in their interpreting and evaluation, the use of acoustic logs to determine the permeability has become very important...
July 8, 2022: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35688019/how-to-quantify-algal-turf-sediments-and-particulates-on-tropical-and-temperate-reefs-an-overview
#24
REVIEW
Sterling B Tebbett, M Paula Sgarlatta, Albert Pessarrodona, Adriana Vergés, Thomas Wernberg, David R Bellwood
Algal turfs are the most abundant benthic covering on reefs in many shallow-water marine ecosystems. The particulates and sediments bound within algal turfs can influence a multitude of functions within these ecosystems. Despite the global abundance and importance of algal turfs, comparison of algal turf-bound sediments is problematic due to a lack of standardisation across collection methods. Here we provide an overview of three methods (vacuum sampling, airlift sampling, and TurfPods), and the necessary equipment (including construction suggestions), commonly employed to quantify sediments from algal turfs...
June 3, 2022: Marine Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35653570/the-structural-origin-of-the-efficient-photochromism-in-natural-minerals
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pauline Colinet, Hannah Byron, Sami Vuori, Juha-Pekka Lehtiö, Pekka Laukkanen, Ludo Van Goethem, Mika Lastusaari, Tangui Le Bahers
SignificanceNatural photochromic minerals have been reported by geologists for decades. However, the understanding of the photochromism mechanism has a key question still unanswered: What in their structure gives rise to the photochromism's reversibility? By combining experimental and computational methods specifically developed to investigate this photochromism, this work provides the answer to this fundamental question. The specific crystal structure of these minerals allows an unusual motion of the sodium atoms stabilizing the electronic states associated to the colored forms...
June 7, 2022: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35637366/blowing-in-the-wind-pollen-s-mobility-as-a-challenge-to-measuring-climate-by-proxy-1916-1939
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa Charenko
This article examines how geologists, botanists, and ecologists used pollen as a proxy for past climates in the first half of the twentieth century. It focuses on a particular challenge of measuring climate with pollen: pollen's mobility. As scientists came to learn, pollen from some vegetation is more mobile than others. Pollen's differential mobility challenged regional climatic conclusions because of the potential mixing of pollen from various locations. To minimize the effects of this problem, pollen analysts sought to decrease the noise produced by highly local or foreign pollen...
May 30, 2022: Journal of the History of Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35605573/biomineralization-and-biotechnological-applications-of-bacterial-magnetosomes
#27
REVIEW
Gaofei Ying, Guojing Zhang, Jiani Yang, Ziyu Hao, Weijia Xing, Dong Lu, Shuang Zhang, Lei Yan
Magnetosomes intracellularly biomineralized by Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are membrane-enveloped nanoparticles of the magnetic minerals magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) or greigite (Fe3 S4 ). MTB thrive in oxic-anoxic interface and exhibit magnetotaxis due to the presence of magnetosomes. Because of the unique characteristic and bionavigation inspiration of magnetosomes, MTB has been a subject of study focused on by biologists, medical pharmacologists, geologists, and physicists since the discovery. We herein first briefly review the features of MTB and magnetosomes...
May 11, 2022: Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35578695/explicit-instruction-of-scientific-uncertainty-in-an-undergraduate-geoscience-field-based-course
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathryn M Bateman, Cristina G Wilson, Randolph T Williams, Basil Tikoff, Thomas F Shipley
Understanding and communicating uncertainty is a key skill needed in the practice of science. However, there has been little research on the instruction of uncertainty in undergraduate science education. Our team designed a module within an online geoscience field course which focused on explicit instruction around uncertainty and provided students with an uncertainty rating scale to record and communicate their uncertainty with a common language. Students then explored a complex, real-world geological problem about which expert scientists had previously made competing claims through geologic maps...
May 11, 2022: Science & education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35349912/arsenic-in-private-well-water-and-birth-outcomes-in-the-united-states
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine M Bulka, Molly Scannell Bryan, Melissa A Lombard, Scott M Bartell, Daniel K Jones, Paul M Bradley, Veronica M Vieira, Debra T Silverman, Michael Focazio, Patricia L Toccalino, Johnni Daniel, Lorraine C Backer, Joseph D Ayotte, Matthew O Gribble, Maria Argos
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to drinking water with arsenic concentrations >50 μg/L is associated with adverse birth outcomes, with inconclusive evidence for concentrations ≤50 μg/L. In a collaborative effort by public health experts, hydrologists, and geologists, we used published machine learning model estimates to characterize arsenic concentrations in private wells-federally unregulated for drinking water contaminants-and evaluated associations with birth outcomes throughout the conterminous U...
March 26, 2022: Environment International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35315565/bridge-to-the-future-important-lessons-from-20-years-of-ecosystem-observations-made-by-the-ozflux-network
#30
REVIEW
Jason Beringer, Caitlin E Moore, Jamie Cleverly, David I Campbell, Helen Cleugh, Martin G De Kauwe, Miko U F Kirschbaum, Anne Griebel, Sam Grover, Alfredo Huete, Lindsay B Hutley, Johannes Laubach, Tom Van Niel, Stefan K Arndt, Alison C Bennett, Lucas A Cernusak, Derek Eamus, Cacilia M Ewenz, Jordan P Goodrich, Mingkai Jiang, Nina Hinko-Najera, Peter Isaac, Sanaa Hobeichi, Jürgen Knauer, Georgia R Koerber, Michael Liddell, Xuanlong Ma, Craig Macfarlane, Ian D McHugh, Belinda E Medlyn, Wayne S Meyer, Alexander J Norton, Jyoteshna Owens, Andy Pitman, Elise Pendall, Suzanne M Prober, Ram L Ray, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Sami W Rifai, David Rowlings, Louis Schipper, Richard P Silberstein, Lina Teckentrup, Sally E Thompson, Anna M Ukkola, Aaron Wall, Ying-Ping Wang, Tim J Wardlaw, William Woodgate
In 2020, the Australian and New Zealand flux research and monitoring network, OzFlux, celebrated its 20th anniversary by reflecting on the lessons learned through two decades of ecosystem studies on global change biology. OzFlux is a network not only for ecosystem researchers, but also for those 'next users' of the knowledge, information and data that such networks provide. Here, we focus on eight lessons across topics of climate change and variability, disturbance and resilience, drought and heat stress and synergies with remote sensing and modelling...
March 22, 2022: Global Change Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35042984/daily-briefing-tonga-volcano-spectacular-images-from-tongan-geologists
#31
Flora Graham
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 17, 2022: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35033330/mineralogical-and-elemental-data-for-soil-discriminating-and-geolocation-tracing
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongling Guo, Ping Wang, Yicong Li, Can Hu, Jili Zheng, Hongcheng Mei, Jun Zhu, Shuangxi Fan, Qiding Zhong
One of the key tasks of soil analysis in forensic sciences is to provide information about its diversities and geolocation. In fact, soil analysis is relevant for forensic geologists. In this study, a total of 80 soil samples were collected from eight Chinese cities (10 samples per city). Different minerals and their relative percentages were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. In addition, the relative amounts of montmorillonite, kaolinite, amphibole, feldspar, calcite, and dolomite provided information about the origin of a soil, either if it came from a northern or southern city of China...
January 2022: Science & Justice: Journal of the Forensic Science Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34907793/affective-geographies-family-and-friendship-in-the-production-of-scientific-knowledge
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dena Goodman
Through case studies of two early nineteenth-century French geologists, this article shows how relations of family and friendship were integral to determining where science took place. Digging up the traces of what I call the "affective geographies" of individual scientists that are entangled with their intellectual itineraries, I show how the practice of science is embedded in such affective relations and thus in everyday life.
December 15, 2021: History of Science; An Annual Review of Literature, Research and Teaching
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34798591/natural-selection-and-the-antiquity-of-man-intellectual-impacts-in-the-australian-colonies
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy Way
Two months before the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859), Scottish geologist Charles Lyell announced a consensus on 'the antiquity of man.' Although stemming from separate intellectual traditions, human antiquity and natural selection had such a powerful influence on nineteenth century science that the former is often thought to be an inevitable conceptual and chronological consequence of the latter. Various scholars have argued it was in fact the acceptance of human antiquity that provided a foundation for the intelligibility and eventual acceptance of evolution by natural selection...
November 16, 2021: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34698490/identification-of-the-calcium-aluminum-and-magnesium-distribution-within-millimeter-sized-extraterrestrial-materials-using-nonresonant-x-ray-raman-spectroscopy-in-preparation-for-the-hayabusa2-sample-return-mission
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pieter Tack, Ella De Pauw, Beverley Tkalcec, Alessandro Longo, Christoph J Sahle, Frank Brenker, Laszlo Vincze
The nondestructive investigation of millimeter-sized meteoritic materials is often hindered by self-absorption effects. Using X-ray-based analytical methods, the information depth for many elements ( Z < 30) is in the range of up to only a few hundred micrometers, and for low- Z elements (Z < 20), this is reduced even further to only a few tens of micrometers. However, the investigation of these low- Z elements, in particular calcium, aluminum, and magnesium, is of great importance to planetary geologists and cosmochemists, as these elements are regularly used to characterize and identify specific features of interest in extraterrestrial materials, especially primitive chondritic material...
October 26, 2021: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34244429/ecology-of-the-anthropocene-signals-hope-for-consciously-managing-the-planetary-ecosystem
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clarence Lehman, Shelby Loberg, Michael Wilson, Eville Gorham
Human populations have grown to such an extent that our species has become a dominant force on the planet, prompting geologists to begin applying the term Anthropocene to recognize the present moment. Many approaches seek to explain the past and future of human population growth, in the form of narratives and models. Some of the most influential models have parameters that cannot be precisely known but are estimated by expert opinion. Here we apply a unified model of ecology to provide a macroscale summary of the net effects of many microscale processes, using a minimal set of parameters that can be known...
July 13, 2021: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34158935/global-earth-mineral-inventory-a-data-legacy
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anirudh Prabhu, Shaunna M Morrison, Ahmed Eleish, Hao Zhong, Fang Huang, Joshua J Golden, Samuel N Perry, Daniel R Hummer, Jolyon Ralph, Simone E Runyon, Kathleen Fontaine, Sergey Krivovichev, Robert T Downs, Robert M Hazen, Peter Fox
Minerals contain important clues to understanding the complex geologic history of Earth and other planetary bodies. Therefore, geologists have been collecting mineral samples and compiling data about these samples for centuries. These data have been used to better understand the movement of continental plates, the oxidation of Earth's atmosphere and the water regime of ancient martian landscapes. Datasets found at 'RRUFF.info/Evolution' and 'mindat.org' have documented a wealth of mineral occurrences around the world...
June 2021: Geoscience Data Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34007026/why-the-china-mars-rover-s-landing-site-has-geologists-excited
#38
Smriti Mallapaty
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 18, 2021: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33912140/microbial-community-characteristics-largely-unaffected-by-x-ray-computed-tomography-of-sediment-cores
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica Ewton, Scott Klasek, Erin Peck, Jason Wiest, Frederick Colwell
X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning is used to study the physical characteristics of soil and sediment cores, allowing scientists to analyze stratigraphy without destroying core integrity. Microbiologists often work with geologists to understand the microbial properties in such cores; however, we do not know whether CT scanning alters microbial DNA such that DNA sequencing, a common method of community characterization, changes as a result of X-ray exposure. Our objective was to determine whether CT scanning affects the estimates of the composition of microbial communities that exist in cores...
2021: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33850986/data-on-the-geology-and-structure-of-the-copper-cliff-embayment-and-offset-dyke-sudbury-igneous-complex-canada
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucie Mathieu, Ulrich Riller, Lisa Gibson, Peter Lightfoot
This contribution describes maps of the Copper Cliff Embayment (CCE) and Offset (CCO) dyke. The associated study attempts to unravel the mode of melt emplacement and the role of pre-impact faults in the deformation of the southern part of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC). This contribution summarizes field observations (maps and images) and structural measurements. In addition, perspective views of the 3D Move model of the CCE and CCO dyke are provided. This data can be used by researchers and exploration geologists working in the Sudbury mining camp as a basis for future mapping, research and exploration efforts in the Copper Cliff area...
April 2021: Data in Brief
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