Amnion epithelial cells

INTRODUCTION: The ocular surface may be damaged by several ocular conditions such as chemical trauma, infection, neoplasia or autoimmune disease causing a loss of tissue and function leading to a painful loss of vision. Tissue regeneration is needed to re-establish homeostasis of the ocular surface and to preserve vision. Present replacement strategies have limitations ranging from availability of the same type of tissue to long-term stability. NHSBT currently produces decellularised dermis (DCD) for clinical allografting; comprising a "thin" (up to 1...

Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation arising from cellular derangements at the fetal membrane-decidual interface (feto-maternal interface [FMi]) is a major antecedent to preterm birth (PTB). However, it is impractical to study OS-associated FMi disease state during human pregnancy, and thus it is difficult to develop strategies to reduce the incidences of PTB. A microfluidic organ-on-chip model (FMi-OOC) that mimics the in vivo structure and functions of FMi in vitro was developed to address this challenge...

BACKGROUND: We proposed a Phase I dose escalation trial to assess the safety of allogeneic human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) in stroke patients with a view to informing the design for a Phase II trial. METHODS: The design is based on 3 + 3 dose escalation design with additional components for measuring MR signal of efficacy as well as the effect of hAECs (2-8 × 106 /kg, i.v.) on preventing immunosuppression after stroke. RESULTS: Eight patients (six males) were recruited within 24 h of ischemic stroke onset and were infused with hAECs...

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies imply extensive applications for the human amniotic membrane (hAM) and its extract in medicine and ophthalmology. The content of hAM meets many requirements in eye surgeries, such as refractive surgery as the most important and commonly used method for treating the dramatically increasing refractive errors. However, they are associated with complications such as corneal haziness and corneal ulcer. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of amniotic membrane extracted eye drop (AMEED) on Trans-PRK surgery complications...

INTRODUCTION: Disruption of fetal membranes before the onset of labor is referred to as premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Lack of maternal folic acid (FA) supplementation reportedly leads to PROM. However, there is a lack of information on the location of FA receptors in the amniotic tissue. Additionally, the regulatory role and potential molecular targets of FA in PROM in vitro have rarely been investigated. METHODS: The three FA receptors (folate receptor α isoform [FRα], transporter of reduced folate [RFC], and proton-coupled folate transporter [PCFT]) in human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) and amniotic tissue were localized using immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry staining...

Human amnion epithelial cells (hAEC) can be efficiently isolated from full-term amnion membrane and have been gaining recognition as advanced medical products. Such cells originate directly from the embryo during the early phase of development and exert a crucial function in the establishment of a tolerogenic environment, to avoid maternal immune rejection. Amnion cell immuno-modulation may be exploited, but additional efforts are required to establish the mechanisms underlying such capacity. The way to fully clarify such an issue is so far long...

Lung diseases are a main cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. Despite major breakthroughs, therapies remain supportive and, in some instances, contribute to lung injury. Because the neonatal lung is still developing, the ideal therapy should be capable of preventing/repairing lung injury while at the same time, promoting lung growth. Cell-based therapies hold high hopes based on laboratory experiments in animal models of neonatal lung injury. Mesenchymal stromal cells and amnion epithelial cells are now in early phase clinical trials to test the feasibility, safety and early signs of efficacy in preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia...

OBJECTIVE: To report the efficacy and long-term outcomes of treating the skin defects of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) with cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM). METHOD: Human amnion was obtained from the caesarean delivery of a full-term healthy pregnancy and processed in a sterile laminar flow hood, and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The structure of the AM was investigated histologically and the viability of the epithelial cells was assessed after cryopreservation and compared with fresh AM and with AM preserved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 4°C...

The placenta and the extraembryonic tissues represent a valuable source of cells for regenerative medicine. In particular, the amniotic membrane possesses cells with stem cells characteristics that have attracted research attention. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) have unique and desirable features that position them over other stem cells, not only because of the unlimited potential supplied of, the easy access to placental tissues, and the minimal ethical and legal barriers associated, but also due to the embryonic stem cells markers expression and their ability to differentiate into the three germ layers...

At the feto-maternal interface, fetal membranes (FM) play a crucial role throughout pregnancy. FM rupture at term implicates different sterile inflammation mechanisms including pathways activated by the transmembrane glycoprotein receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. As the protein kinase CK2 is also implicated in the inflammation process, we aimed to characterize the expressions of RAGE and the protein kinase CK2 as a candidate regulator of RAGE expression...

INTRODUCTION: Human amniotic membrane (hAM) and its cells have been proposed for several clinical applications, including cancer therapy. However, reports on the anticancer effects of human amniotic epithelial stem cells-conditioned media (hAECs-CM) are limited. This work aims to evaluate the anticancer effects of hAECs-CM on cervical cancer and breast cancer cell lines in vitro . METHODS: Human term placentas were gained from uncomplicated Cesarean sections from healthy donor women...

Amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells have been shown in vitro to contain a variety of regulatory mediators that result in the promotion of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and epithelialization and the inhibition of fibrosis, immune rejection, inflammation, and bacterial invasion. Amniotic membrane-based products are approved for use as human cells, tissues, and cellular- and tissue-based products through Sections 361 or 351 of the Food and Drug Administration. Previously reported clinical applications of human amniotic membranes include nerve repair, tendon injury, joint and cartilage damage, and wound management...

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PROBLEM: Amniochorion senescence generates mechanistic signals to initiate parturition. Activation of p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) in fetal amnion cells is a key mediator of senescence as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of amnion cells. However, the impact of p38 MAPK in chorion trophoblast cells (CTCs) is unclear. We tested if eliminating p38 will reduce oxidative stress (OS) induced cell fates like cellular senescence, EMT, and inflammation induced by these processes in CTCs...

Objectives : To improve preclinical drug testing during pregnancy, we developed multiple microfluidic organ-on-chip (OOC) devices that represent the structure, functions, and responses of the two feto-maternal interfaces (FMis) in humans (fetal membrane [FMi-OOC] and placenta [PLA-OOC]). This study utilized feto-maternal interface OOCs to test the kinetics and efficacy of drugs during pregnancy. Study design : The FMi-OOC contained amnion epithelial, mesenchymal, chorion trophoblast, and decidual cells. The PLA-OOC contained cytotrophoblasts (BeWo), syncytiotrophoblasts (BeWo + forskolin), and human umbilical vein endothelial cell lines...

Wound healing evaluation methods in a third-degree burn injury model are categorized as histological (re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation) and molecular (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). In general, mRNA expression is normalized to those of the housekeeping gene. Although the housekeeping gene expression is generally stable, it has been reported that the stability of these genes depends on the wound healing process and treatment method. In this study, we identified the most stable housekeeping gene (TATA-binding protein) for studying gene expression in a third-degree burn injury model, in which wound healing was promoted by grafting human amnion-derived mesenchymal cells...

BACKGROUND: Amniotic membrane tissue has been thought to potentiate healing in many soft tissue conditions. Specifically, recent studies have shown its therapeutic potential for treatment in the setting of spinal pathologies. The purpose of this study is to thoroughly review the existing scientific literature and evidence concerning the clinical use of amniotic membrane-derived biologic agents on postoperative outcomes following spinal surgery. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to December 2020 to identify animal and clinical studies examining the therapeutic potential for amniotic membrane tissue in the setting of spinal pathologies (including disc herniation, prevention of epidural fibrosis, and spinal fusion)...

Oxidative stress (OS) induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) and cell fate from p38 signaling was tested using the human fetal membrane's amnion epithelial cells (AEC). We created p38 KO AEC using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach and tested cell fate in response to OS on an AEC-free fetal membrane extracellular matrix (ECM). Screening using image CyTOF indicated OS causing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further testing revealed p38 deficiency prevented AEC senescence, EMT, cell migration, and inflammation...

The human amniotic membrane contains the cellular parts obligatory for cell integration and tissue remodeling and has high tensile strength and persistence. We theorized that such material could function as a scaffold to improve the survival of ischemic tissue in random skin flaps. Male Albino Wistar rats (n = 30) were randomly assigned to three groups, each receiving a different model of AM on dorsal paravertebral areas: saline, amniotic membrane sheet, and micronized amniotic membrane. Digital photographs were taken, and the survival area was examined after one week...

Background: Prematurity is the leading cause of childhood death under the age of five. The aetiology of preterm birth is multifactorial; however, inflammation and infection are the most common causal factors, supporting a potential role for immunomodulation as a therapeutic strategy. 15-Deoxy-Delta-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) is an anti-inflammatory prostaglandin and has been shown to delay lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced preterm labour in mice and improve pup survival. This study explores the immunomodulatory effect of 15dPGJ2 on the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and contraction associated proteins in human cultured myocytes, vaginal epithelial cell line (VECs) and primary amnion epithelial cells (AECs)...