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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Preeti Moar, Kyaw Linn, Thomas A Premeaux, Scott Bowler, Urvinder Kaur Sardarni, Bindu Parachalil Gopalan, Ei E Shwe, Thidar San, Haymar Han, Danielle Clements, Chaw S Hlaing, Ei H Kyu, Cho Thair, Yi Y Mar, Nway Nway, Julie Mannarino, Jacob Bolzenius, Soe Mar, Aye Mya M Aye, Ravi Tandon, Robert Paul, Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
OBJECTIVE: Adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV (AWH) are at an increased risk of poor cognitive development but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Circulating galectin-9 (Gal-9) has been associated with increased inflammation and multi-morbidity in adults with HIV despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART), however, relationship between Gal-9 in AWH and cognition remain unexplored. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of two independent age-matched cohorts from India [AWH on ART (n = 15), ART-naïve (n = 15), and adolescents without HIV (AWOH; n = 10)] and Myanmar [AWH on ART (n = 54) and AWOH (n = 22)] were studied...
April 12, 2024: AIDS
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Zhang, Jiahao Ji, Kaidi Xie, Miaotian Cai, Rui Wang, Xin Zhang, Xue Chen, Yulin Zhang, Hao Wu, Wen Wang, Zhen Li, Tong Zhang
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV (PLWH) fail to achieve normalization of CD4+ T cell counts and function, especially in immunological non-responders (INRs). The frequencies of Ki67+ CD4+ T cells were inversely associated with CD4+ T cell counts in HIV infected patients. Early ART did not normalize CD4+ T cell proliferation. However, the features of the abnormal proliferation CD4+ T cell in INRs are far from known. METHOD: PLWH were divided into INRs (n= 16) and immunological responders (IRs, n= 53) groups...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhen Zhang, Hao Jin, Xu Zhang, Mei Bai, Kexin Zheng, Jing Tian, Bin Deng, Lingling Mao, Pengcheng Qiu, Bo Huang
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as a infectious disease, coexisting with widespread seasonal and sporadic influenza epidemics globally. Individuals living with HIV, characterized by compromised immune systems, face an elevated risk of severe outcomes and increased mortality when affected by COVID-19. Despite this connection, the molecular intricacies linking COVID-19, influenza, and HIV remain unclear. Our research endeavors to elucidate the shared pathways and molecular markers in individuals with HIV concurrently infected with COVID-19 and influenza...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meng-Shiuan Hsu, Tzu-Chien Chung, Ping-Huai Wang, Shih-Lung Cheng, Yen-Wen Wu, Jung-Cheng Hsu, Bing-Hsiean Tzeng, Heng-Hsu Lin, Chung-Ming Tu, Fang-Yeh Chu, Chi-Tai Fang
BACKGROUND: To revisit the association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD, defined as serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml) and incident active tuberculosis (TB), after two potentially underpowered randomized trials showed statistically non-significant 13%-22% decrease in TB incidence in vitamin D supplementation groups. METHODS: We prospectively conducted an age/sex-matched case-control study that accounting for body-mass index (BMI), smoking, and other confounding factors to examine the association between VDD and active TB among non-HIV people in Taiwan (latitude 24°N), a high-income society which continues to have moderate TB burden...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meng Wang, Jennifer Yoon, Hailey Reisert, Bibhuprasad Das, Benjamin Orlinick, Jennifer Chiarella, Elias K Halvas, John Mellors, Alina Ps Pang, Lydia Aoun Barakat, Margaret Fikrig, Joshua Cyktor, Yuval Kluger, Serena Spudich, Michael J Corley, Shelli F Farhadian
The central nervous system HIV reservoir is incompletely understood and is a major barrier to HIV cure. We profiled people with HIV (PWH) and uninfected controls through single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to understand the dynamics of HIV persistence in the CNS. In PWH on ART, we found that most participants had single cells containing HIV-1 RNA, which was found predominantly in CD4 central memory T cells, in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. HIV-1 RNA-containing cells were found more frequently in CSF than blood, indicating a higher burden of reservoir cells in the CNS than blood for some PWH...
April 8, 2024: JCI Insight
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shengquan Tang, Yanqiu Lu, Feng Sun, Yuanyuan Qin, Vijay Harypursat, Renni Deng, Gong Zhang, Yaokai Chen, Tong Wang
BACKGROUND: Immunological non-responders (INRs) among people living with HIV have inherently higher mortality and morbidity rates. The underlying immunological mechanisms whereby failure of immune reconstitution occurs in INRs require elucidation. METHOD: HIV DNA and HIV cell-associated RNA (CA-HIV RNA) quantifications were conducted via RT-qPCR. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatics, and biological verifications were performed to discern the crosstalk between host and viral factors...
April 4, 2024: Journal of Infection
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Na Li, Hong-Yi Zheng, Wen-Qiang He, Xiao-Yan He, Rui Li, Wen-Bo Cui, Wei-Lin Yang, Xing-Qi Dong, Zhi-Qiang Shen, Yong-Tang Zheng
OBJECTIVES: There is conflicting data regarding the response of older people with HIV (PWH) to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term immunological and virological responses, changes in regimen, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in older participants (50+ years) compared with younger (18-34 years) and middle-aged (35-49 years) PWH. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted on 1622 participants who received ART in Yunnan Province, China, from 2010 to 2019...
May 1, 2024: AIDS
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P Ajantha, Man Mohan Puri, Devika Tayal, U Khalid
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global cause of ill health. Sputum microscopy for confirmation of presumptive pulmonary TB (PTB) has a reportedly low sensitivity of 22-43 per cent for single smear and up to 60 per cent under optimal conditions. National TB Elimination Programme in India recommends the use of cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) and culture for microbiological confirmation in presumptive PTB individuals with sputum smear negative test...
February 1, 2024: Indian Journal of Medical Research
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rémonie Seng, Pierre Frange, Albert Faye, Catherine Dollfus, Jérôme le Chenadec, Faroudy Boufassa, Asma Essat, Tessa Goetghebuer, Elisa Arezes, Véronique Avettand-Fènoël, Jean-Joël Bigna, Stéphane Blanche, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Josiane Warszawski, Jean-Paul Viard
BACKGROUND: No study has compared the virological and immunological status of young people with perinatally-acquired HIV infection (P-HIV) with that of people with HIV adulthood (A-HIV) having a similar duration of infection. METHODS: 5 French cohorts of P-HIV and A-HIV patients with a known date of HIV-infection and receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART), were used to compare the following proportions of: virological failure (VF) defined as plasma HIV RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL, CD4 cell percentages and CD4:CD8 ratios, at the time of the most recent visit since 2012...
May 2024: The Lancet regional health. Europe
#30
REVIEW
Lorena Sanchez-Felipe, Yeranddy A Alpizar, Ji Ma, Lotte Coelmont, Kai Dallmeier
Live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine (YF17D) was developed in the 1930s as the first ever empirically derived human vaccine. Ninety years later, it is still a benchmark for vaccines made today. YF17D triggers a particularly broad and polyfunctional response engaging multiple arms of innate, humoral and cellular immunity. This unique immunogenicity translates into an extraordinary vaccine efficacy and outstanding longevity of protection, possibly by single-dose immunization. More recently, progress in molecular virology and synthetic biology allowed engineering of YF17D as a powerful vector and promising platform for the development of novel recombinant live vaccines, including two licensed vaccines against Japanese encephalitis and dengue, even in paediatric use...
April 3, 2024: European Journal of Immunology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Marc Tebruegge, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Olaf Neth, Katy Fidler, Folke Brinkmann, Talia Sainz, Inga Ivaskeviciene, Nicole Ritz, Maria Joao Brito, Tiago Milheiro Silva, Vira Chechenieva, Maryna Serdiuk, Laura Lancella, Cristina Russo, Aleix Soler-García, Maria Luisa Navarro, Renate Krueger, Cornelia Feiterna-Sperling, Anna Starshinova, Antonina Hiteva, Anna Hoffmann, Paulius Kalibatas, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Sara Maria Scarano, Matilde Bustillo, Daniel Blázquez Gamero, María Espiau, Danilo Buonsenso, Lola Falcón, Louise Turnbull, Elena Colino, Santiago Rueda, Charlotte Buxbaum, Begoña Carazo, Cristina Alvarez, Marta Dapena, Anabel Piqueras, Svetlana Velizarova, Iveta Ozere, Florian Götzinger, Marta Pareja, Maria Isabel Garrote Llanos, Beatriz Soto, Sonia Rodríguez Martín, Jose Javier Korta, Beatriz Pérez-Gorricho, Mercedes Herranz, Ángel Hernández-Bartolomé, Mariana Díaz-Almirón, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Laura Ferreras-Antolín, Begoña Santiago-García
BACKGROUND: In high-resource settings the survival of immunocompromised (IC) children has increased and immunosuppressive therapies are increasingly being used. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics, performance of diagnostic tools and outcome of IC children with TB in Europe. METHODS: Multicentre, matched case-control study within the Paediatric Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (ptbnet), capturing TB cases <18 years diagnosed 2000-2020...
April 3, 2024: Clinical Infectious Diseases
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Alam, A A Soeroto, R A Susilohadi, L A Chandra
OBJECTIVE: The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among people living with HIV (PLWH) is experiencing major increases. This demographic is vulnerable due to compromised immune function, but the individuals are subjected to antiretroviral therapy (ART), which shows potential as a treatment for the pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the severity of various forms of COVID-19 in PLWH as opposed to the general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study followed PRISMA guidelines and included a systematic review of literature from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, comprising English-language articles from 2019 to 2022...
March 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sen Claudine Henriette Ngomtcho, Olive Njike Ngo Biyong, Timothy Amos Ekwere, Jonas Merlin Wandji Takemegni, Henrietta Mbah, Sandra Maella Makamdoum Bogne, Omer Aurelle Nkengkanna, Henri Lucien Fouamno Kamga
BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is associated with exposure to blood Transfusion Transmissible Infection (TTIs). The threat posed by the blood-borne pathogens is disproportionately distributed in different healthcare facilities in Cameroon. Thus, there is a need for continuous surveillance of TTIs in the country. This study aimed to assess the screening procedure for blood transfusion and determine the trend in immunological markers of TTIs among blood donors at the Mamfe District Hospital...
April 2, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Panagiota Zacharopoulou, Ming Lee, Thiago Oliveira, John Thornhill, Nicola Robinson, Helen Brown, Sabine Kinloch, Philip Goulder, Julie Fox, Sarah Fidler, M Azim Ansari, John Frater
Broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) targeting HIV show promise for both prevention of infection and treatment. Among these, 10-1074 has shown potential in neutralising a wide range of HIV strains. However, resistant viruses may limit the clinical efficacy of 10-1074. The prevalence of both de novo and emergent 10-1074 resistance will determine its use at a population level both to protect against HIV transmission and as an option for treatment. To help understand this further, we report the prevalence of pre-existing mutations associated with 10-1074 resistance in a bNAb-naive population of 157 individuals presenting to UK HIV centres with primary HIV infection, predominantly B clade, receiving antiretroviral treatment...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna C Hearps, Jingling Zhou, Paul A Agius, Phuongnhi Ha, Silvia Lee, Patricia Price, Hans Kek, Eugene Kroon, Siriwat Akapirat, Suteeraporn Pinyakorn, Nittaya Phanuphak, Carlo Sacdalan, Denise Hsu, Jintanat Ananworanich, Sandhya Vasan, Alexandra Schuetz, Anthony Jaworowski
HIV is associated with NK cell dysfunction and expansion of adaptive-like NK cells that persist despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). We investigated the timing of NK cell perturbations during acute HIV infection and the impact of early ART initiation. PBMCs and plasma were obtained from people with HIV (PWH; all men who have sex with men; median age, 26.0 y) diagnosed during Fiebig stages I, II, III, or IV/V. Participants initiated ART a median of 3 d after diagnosis, and immunophenotyping was performed at diagnosis and longitudinally after ART...
April 1, 2024: Journal of Immunology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karsten Eichholz, Yoshinori Fukazawa, Christopher W Peterson, Francoise Haeseleer, Manuel Medina, Shelby Hoffmeister, Derick M Duell, Benjamin D Varco-Merth, Sandra Dross, Haesun Park, Caralyn S Labriola, Michael K Axthelm, Robert D Murnane, Jeremy V Smedley, Lei Jin, Jiaxin Gong, Blake J Rust, Deborah H Fuller, Hans-Peter Kiem, Louis J Picker, Afam A Okoye, Lawrence Corey
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint marker commonly expressed on memory T cells and enriched in latently HIV-infected CD4+ T cells. We engineered an anti-PD-1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to assess the impact of PD-1 depletion on viral reservoirs and rebound dynamics in SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques (RMs). Adoptive transfer of anti-PD-1 CAR T cells was done in 2 SIV-naive and 4 SIV-infected RMs on antiretroviral therapy (ART). In 3 of 6 RMs, anti-PD-1 CAR T cells expanded and persisted for up to 100 days concomitant with the depletion of PD-1+ memory T cells in blood and tissues, including lymph node CD4+ follicular helper T (TFH) cells...
April 1, 2024: Journal of Clinical Investigation
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric Wilson, John Kevin Cava, Diego Chowell, Remya Raja, Kiran K Mangalaparthi, Akhilesh Pandey, Marion Curtis, Karen S Anderson, Abhishek Singharoy
Predictive modeling of macromolecular recognition and protein-protein complementarity represents one of the cornerstones of biophysical sciences. However, such models are often hindered by the combinatorial complexity of interactions at the molecular interfaces. Exemplary of this problem is peptide presentation by the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecule, a principal component of immune recognition. We developed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-Inception, a deep biophysical convolutional neural network, which integrates molecular electrostatics to capture non-bonded interactions for predicting peptide binding motifs across 5,821 MHC-I alleles...
March 25, 2024: Cell Systems
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renee R Anderko, Allison E DePuyt, Rhianna Bronson, Arlene C Bullotta, Evgenia Aga, Ronald J Bosch, R Brad Jones, Joseph J Eron, John W Mellors, Rajesh T Gandhi, Deborah K McMahon, Bernard J Macatangay, Charles R Rinaldo, Robbie B Mailliard
HIV-1 infection greatly alters the NK cell phenotypic and functional repertoire. This is highlighted by the expansion of a rare population of FcRγ- NK cells exhibiting characteristics of traditional immunologic memory in people with HIV (PWH). Although current antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively controls HIV-1 viremia and disease progression, its impact on HIV-1-associated NK cell abnormalities remains unclear. To address this, we performed a longitudinal analysis detailing conventional and memory-like NK cell characteristics in n = 60 PWH during the first 4 y of ART...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Immunology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Thomas, Chloe Rees-Spear, Sarah Griffith, Luke Muir, Emma Touizer, Raiees Andrabi, Richard Priest, Jennifer Percival-Alwyn, Darryl Hayward, Amanda Buxton, William Traylen, Benny Chain, Trevor Wattam, Irene Sanjuan Nandin, Laura E McCoy
Antigen-specific antibody infusion is known to enhance or suppress germinal center (GC) responses depending on the affinity of the infusion. We hypothesized that infusing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) of escalating affinity during an immunization regimen may progressively escalate selection pressure on competing B cells, increasing their affinity. To test this, we immunized mice with HIV envelope gp120 and infused CD4 binding-site (CD4bs)-specific mAbs. While mAb infusion reduced somatic hypermutation (SHM) and affinity in most CD4bs-specific B cells, a sub-population was identified with greater SHM and affinity than control...
April 19, 2024: IScience
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Virseda-Berdices, Rubén Martín-Escolano, Juan Berenguer, Juan González-García, Oscar Brochado-Kith, David Rojo, Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez, Leire Pérez-Latorre, Victor Hontañón, Coral Barbas, Salvador Resino, María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
BACKGROUND: Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in people with HIV (PWH). However, a chronic state of immune activation and inflammation is maintained despite achieving HIV suppression and satisfactory immunological recovery. We aimed to determine whether the plasma metabolomic profile of PWH on long-term suppressive ART and immunologically recovered approximates the normality by comparison with healthy controls with similar age and gender...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
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