renal resistive index

INTRODUCTION: Chronic serum uric acid elevation (SUA) is known to be induced by dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Therefore, it has been associated with higher risk for coronary artery disease and cardiovascular mortality. Also, increased levels of SUA have been associated with regional arterial stiffness, assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV). AIMS: To evaluate the relationships of PWV, SUA and different metabolic parameters in essential hypertensive patients...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Echocardiographic studies have shown improvements in cardiac indices associated with renal sympathetic denervation (RDN), however, the benefits on myocardial perfusion have never been assessed. This trial was designed to study the effects of RDN on myocardial perfusion using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. METHODS: A total of 14 patients with resistant hypertension were recruited for RDN and myocardial perfusion, alongside other CMR indices, was assessed at baseline and at 6 months...

Background: Vancomycin and linezolid are standard treatment options for nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia. While acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly attributed to vancomycin, existing data has not definitely confirmed vancomycin as an independent risk factor for AKI. Aims: This study aimed to quantify the incidence of AKI in Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients receiving empiric vancomycin or linezolid for nosocomial pneumonia and to identify risk factors for AKI with a focus on MRSA antibiotic therapy...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the role of body mass index (BMI) and dietary potential renal acid load (PRAL) with urinary saturation for calcium oxalate (US-CaOx), calcium phosphate (US-CaP) and uric acid (US-UA) in renal stone formers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of laboratory data collected on 442 renal stone-forming patients. Demographic information, BMI and 24 h urinary samples were collected from patients on their regular diets...

RATIONALE: We present a case of intrarenal vein thrombosis (IRVT) diagnosed by ultrasound (US). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the imaging literature. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 15-year-old boy with a 4-year history of thrombocytopenic purpura presented to the emergency room with a 2-day history of sudden-onset severe left flank pain associated with gross hematuria. DIAGNOSES: Hypercholesterolemia, proteinuria, and elevated plasma creatinine level were present...

Background: Lithium is the mainstay of treatment for bipolar disorder, mania and an augmentation therapy in patients with treatment resistant depression. It has a narrow therapeutic index, with recognized adverse multi-system and endocrine side effects. Aim: To assess the impact of lithium therapy, in particular lithium toxicity, on the development of endocrine and renal disorders in a cohort of patients in a single tertiary referral centre in Ireland. Study design: A retrospective analysis was performed of the prevalence of lithium toxicity and renal, thyroid and parathyroid dysfunction in our study population...

INTRODUCTION: Acute renal failure (ARF) after cardiac surgery is a risk factor associated with mortality and use of resources. Some studies have reported beneficial effects of pulsatile flow on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on renal function. The aim of this study is to describe the echographic morphology of the renal arterial wave modifying the parameters of pulsatile CPB. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive study was performed on 10 patients without previous AFR and undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB...

The effect of probucol in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy was investigated to analyze its impact on its hemodynamics, rheology and blood lipid. A total of 80 patients with diabetic retinopathy who were treated in the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing (Chongqing, China) from January 2015 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table, with 40 patients in each group. Control group was treated by conventional and intensive glycemic control and antihypertensive therapy, while observation group was orally administered with 0...

PURPOSE: Doppler-based renal resistance index (RI) can be measured at the bedside of critically ill patients. This study was designed to assess if the RI predicted an increase in cardiac output (CO) following passive leg-raising (PLR) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery. METHODS: During this single center prospective study, Doppler assessment of RI and measurements of CO using the thermodilution method were performed, after surgery, in the intensive care unit before and after PLR...

PURPOSE: Early prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) in septic patients is difficult. This study aimed to assess the values of renal resistive index (RI), central venous pressure (CVP), and their combination in the early prediction of sepsis-induced AKI. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed in septic patients. The variables potentially associated with AKI were recorded at admission and compared between the AKI and non-AKI groups. The variables independently associated with sepsis-induced AKI were identified using multivariable logistic regression, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis was calculated...

AIMS: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are anti-hypertensive drugs with renal protective effect. Additionally, they have been associated with the delayed onset of type 2 diabetes in high-risk populations, and some ARB were reported to increase insulin secretion and sensitivity in patients with prediabetes. Therefore, we studied the effects of ARB on insulin secretion in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients were enrolled in this open-labeled, active comparator-controlled and crossover study...

Background: The results of recent trials have brought some confusion to the treatment strategy for renal artery stenosis (RAS). To evaluate the applicability of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) for RAS, we extracted the factors that may affect the effectiveness of PTRA from cases experienced at a hypertension center. Methods and Results: We retrospectively assessed the blood pressure (BP) lowering effects and renoprotective effects in 50 consecutive patients that had hemodynamically significant RAS and had undergone PTRA and stenting during 2001-2005...

BACKGROUND: Renal transplant is the preferred treatment option for these patients with end-stage renal disease. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is one of the most common and serious vascular complications after renal transplantation, and most of the TRAS occurred in the anastomosis. The complication must be diagnosed and treated timely, otherwise the function of transplanted kidney may be losed. CASE PRESENTATION: A 46-year-old male with end-stage renal disease of unknown cause received a cadaveric renal transplant one year ago...

OBJECTIVES: to compare the prevalence of target-organ damage (TOD), defined as carotid plaque, or intima media thickness, cIMT, >0.9 mm, and that of increased renal resistive index (RRI), among HIV-1-infected patients (PLWHIV) and uninfected hypertensive patients (HT-non HIV). METHODS: PLWHIV aged > 40 years and virologically suppressed were matched with pair-age, sex and BMI HT-non HIV. Patients on antihypertensive treatment were excluded. All patients' cIMT and RRI were evaluated with ultrasonography...

OBJECTIVE: Data on renal hemodynamics, function, and oxygenation in early clinical septic shock are lacking. We therefore measured renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, renal oxygen consumption, and oxygenation in patients with early septic shock. DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. SETTING: General and cardiothoracic ICUs. PATIENTS: Patients with norepinephrine-dependent early septic shock (n = 8) were studied within 24 hours after arrival in the ICU and compared with postcardiac surgery patients without acute kidney injury (comparator group, n = 58)...

Cystatin C is a cysteine protease inhibitor that is produced by nearly all human cells. The serum level of cystatin C is a stronger predictor of the renal outcome and the risk of cardiovascular events than the creatinine level. The resistive index (RI) on renal Doppler ultrasonography is a good indicator of vascular resistance as well as the renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear whether serum cystatin C is associated with signs of vascular dysfunction, such as the renal RI...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of a 12-mo supervised aerobic and resistance training, on renal function and exercise capacity compared to usual care recommendations. METHODS: Ninety-nine kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) were assigned to interventional exercise (Group A; n = 52) and a usual care cohort (Group B; n = 47). Blood and urine chemistry, exercise capacity, muscular strength, anthropometric measures and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed at baseline, and after 6 and 12 mo...

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity represents a major health concern worldwide due to its well established detrimental effect on cardiovascular and its potential negative effect on kidney functions. However, biomarkers that can help diagnose early stages of kidney damage in obese children represent an unmet clinical need. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we asked whether the prevalence of microalbuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or hyperuricemia recorded in a wide cohort of obese children and adolescents would positively correlate with cardiometabolic dysfunction in these subjects...

BACKGROUND: The correlation between serum uric acid (SUA) and β-cell function remains controversial. The present study aims to use a new index, renal function-normalized SUA, to observe its correlation with β-cell function in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. METHODS: 713 patients with T2DM received standard 75g oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and insulin release test were included in the present study. Renal function-normalized SUA was calculated using SUA/creatinine...

BACKGROUND: The adipokine progranulin has metabolic proprieties, playing a role in obesity and insulin resistance. Its levels seems to be dependent of renal function, since higher progranulin concentration is observed in patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, the effect of kidney transplantation on progranulin remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To assess the serum progranulin levels in kidney transplant recipients before and after kidney transplantation. METHODS: Forty-six prospective kidney transplant recipients were included in this longitudinal study...