active commuting

INTRODUCTION: Neighborhoods are complex and multi-faceted. Analytic strategies used to model neighborhoods should reflect this complexity, with the potential to better understand how neighborhood characteristics together impact health. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) to derive a residential neighborhood typology applicable for census tracts across the US. METHODS: From tract-level 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) five-year estimates, we selected five indicators that represent four neighborhood domains: demographic composition, commuting, socioeconomic composition, and built environment...

BACKGROUND: Dialysis practice has a particularly high environmental impact, including responsible for carbon emissions and climate change. Insufficient research has been conducted on environmental sustainability activities in dialysis therapy in Japan. METHODS: We conducted an online Green Survey comprising 30 question items based on a previously conducted survey in Australia. Between August and September 2023, this was sent to members of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, including hospital and clinic physicians, working across 885 dialysis facilities in Japan...

The impact of sustainable mobility may be considered through the mode of non-motorization, which may vary by spatial environmental conditions, especially accessibility by active mobility in a necessarily safe, comfortable, and pleasant atmosphere. Sustainable mobility comprises willingness to allow commuting behaviors on non-motorized travel for safety and green ethics. These chiefly participate to create livable places, improve health and well-being, and promote quality of life and economic growth. By contrast, an impoverished street environment decreases the possibility of active mobility and relies on motorization...

Evaluating drug use within populations in the United States poses significant challenges due to various social, ethical, and legal constraints, often impeding the collection of accurate and timely data. Here, we aimed to overcome these barriers by conducting a comprehensive analysis of drug consumption trends and measuring their association with socioeconomic and demographic factors. From May 2022 to April 2023, we analyzed 208 wastewater samples from eight sampling locations across six wastewater treatment plants in Southern Nevada, covering a population of 2...

Power-sharing between countries has an essential effect on increasing the power system's reliability and allowing a resilient energy market. High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems are preferable for long-distance transmission to decrease power losses. However, HVDC transmission lines have many protection challenges including the differentiability between various types of HVDC circuit breakers (HVDC-CB). Although mechanical HVDC-CBs suffered from long response time, they superseded their solid-state counterparts in terms of price and power losses...

The Space-Time Accessibility (STA) model is broadly used to measure person-based accessibility based on the space, time, and transport constraints experienced at the individual level in connection to the actual modal choices of observed individuals. In this paper, we propose to adjust the STA model (by introducing a so-called PT-STA model) with three core purposes: (1) focusing on public transport accessibility specifically, (2) measuring accessibility to both fixed activities and discretionary opportunities, and (3) integrating travel-time thresholds in the accessibility measurement...

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is an important clinical marker in the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease. TSH measurements are reported in milli-International Units per Litre (mIU/L), traceable to a World Health Organisation (WHO) reference material. There is a wide variety of commercial immunoassays for TSH measurements available, which have historically been poorly harmonised due to a lack of commutability of the WHO reference materials with patient samples. This led to the recent development of a serum-based reference panel for TSH, traceable to the WHO reference material, available via the International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC), aimed at harmonisation of TSH immunoassays...

BACKGROUND: Over the last decades, the prevalence of AST has decreased significantly. Barriers to active school transport (AST) have been extensively examined in the literature, while psychosocial factors that facilitate AST have received less attention. To our best knowledge, there are currently no reviews on this subject. Therefore, the objective of this review was to scope the literature and identify published research about psychosocial factors related to AST. METHODS: Systematic searches conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, TRID, Scopus, and ERIC resulted in a total of 1933 publications, and 77 of them were considered eligible for this review...

BACKGROUND: Active commuting to school may increase the total daily physical activity and achieve health benefits among preschool children. Rates of active commuting to school among Spanish children and adolescents have been widely analysed, while the rates of active commuting to school among Spanish preschool children are unknown. AIM: The main objective of this study was to examine the changes in the rates of active commuting to school in a sample of Spanish preschool children between 3 and 6 years old from 2013 to 2017...

BACKGROUND: Unhealthful dietary patterns have been consistently associated with low levels of physical activity (PA), but studies dedicated to sedentary behavior (SB) are scarce, especially in adults. The few studies that investigated the association between SB and dietary patterns focused mostly on specific types of SB, such as TV-watching or screen time. SB can be accumulated in distinct domains (i.e., work, transport, and leisure-time), thus, it is key to investigate in depth the impact that different domains of SB can have on eating-related indicators...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have linked cycling with improved mental wellbeing but these studies tend to use cross-sectional survey data that have small sample sizes and self-reported health measures, and are potentially susceptible to omitted-variable bias and reverse causation. We use an instrumental variable approach and an objective measure of mental ill-health taken from linked administrative data to ask: 'Does cycle commuting reduce the risk of mental ill-health?' METHODS: Our study links data on commuting in Edinburgh and Glasgow from the Scottish population census with mental health prescriptions from the National Health Service Prescribing Information System records...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to calculate the global warming potential, in carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent emissions, from all in-scope activities involved in a phase-1 clinical study. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. DATA SOURCE: Internal data held by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. STUDIES INCLUDED: Janssen-sponsored TMC114FD1HTX1002 study conducted between 2019 and 2021. MAIN OUTCOME: Measure CO2 equivalents (CO2 e) for in-scope clinical trial activities calculated according to intergovernmental panel on climate change 2021 impact assessment methodology...

Current evidence on neighborhood walkability and active commuting focuses on residential rather than workplace environment. This cross-sectional study investigated whether higher workplace walkability (WW) was associated with commute walking, both independently and together with residential walkability, using data from 6769 respondents of the 2017 Dutch national travel survey. In a fully adjusted logistic regression model, 10% increase in WW was associated with 32% higher odds of commute walking (Odds ratio (OR): 1...

BACKGROUND: Active school transportation (AST) is an important source of physical activity for children and a potentially important climate change mitigation strategy. However, few studies have examined factors associated with AST in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We used baseline data from a longitudinal survey to investigate correlates of AST during the second wave of COVID-19 (December 2020). We collected survey data from 2291 parents of 7- to 12-year-olds across Canada and linked this information with data on neighborhood walkability and weather from national databases...

OBJECTIVE: Educational podcast series are becoming increasingly popular as free open access medical education (FOAMed) resources, however, the educational benefit associated with their use is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the educational outcomes associated with the implementation of a surgical podcast series for undergraduate medical students. METHODS: Two conversational case-based podcast episodes were recorded covering 2 common surgical presentations...

BACKGROUND: Recent research suggests a need for worksite programs that promote structured physical activity (PA) among hospital staff. The objectives of this study were to assess the hospital employees' acceptance of PA opportunities that could be implemented at the worksite, and the association between worksite PA and commuting and other sociocognitive factors. METHOD: Acceptance of seven PA opportunities from the WHO guidelines was correlated with commuting and socio-cognitive factors through an online survey conducted among the workforce of the University Hospital of Angers, France ( N = 6874) between April 25 and May 22, 2022...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies proved the effect of long-term exposure to air pollution or physical activity (PA) on the risk of systemic inflammation-induced multimorbidity (SIIM), while the evidence regarding their joint effects was rare, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to examine the extent of interaction or joint relations of PA and air pollution with SIIM. METHODS: This study included 72,172 participants from China Multi-Ethnic Cohort...

Transport-related physical activity levels differ across the lifecourse; however, the nature of these differences is poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between correlates of transport-related physical activity and how they differ in strength, pathway, and direction across the lifecourse. Structural Equation Modelling assessed relationships between correlates (e.g., age, smoking, education) and transport-related physical activity (assessed via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire) at four timepoints of the Australian Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study: childhood (7-15y; n = 6302), early-adulthood (26-36y; n = 2700), early/mid-adulthood (31-41y; n = 1649), and mid-adulthood (36-49y; n = 1794)...

BACKGROUND: The association between physical activity (PA) and depression is well-established, but the details that explain this association remain elusive. We examined whether PA is differentially associated with specific symptoms of depression (e.g., cognitive vs somatic symptoms), and whether these associations follow a dose-response pattern with respect to intensity or frequency of PA. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were based on 6 samples of the continuous U...

We show that certain lattice gauge theories exhibiting disorder-free localization have a characteristic response in spatially averaged spectral functions: a few sharp peaks combined with vanishing response in the zero frequency limit. This reflects the discrete spectra of small clusters of kinetically active regions formed in such gauge theories when they fragment into spatially finite clusters in the localized phase due to the presence of static charges. We obtain the transverse component of the dynamic structure factor, which is probed by neutron scattering experiments, deep in this phase from a combination of analytical estimates and a numerical cluster expansion...