VAC

Increasing vaccination knowledge is effective in addressing hesitancy and is particularly important in populations deprived of liberty who may not routinely have access to health information, ensuring health equity. RISE-Vac is a European Union-funded project aiming to promote vaccine literacy, offer, and uptake in prisons in Europe. We consulted persons living in prisons in the United Kingdom (through the Prisoner Policy Network), France, and Moldova to determine their vaccination knowledge gaps, the information they would like to receive, and how they would like to receive it...

Whether, and how, co-occurring HIV-1 infection (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) impact cardiovascular status, especially in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (APHIV), have not been examined. We hypothesized that APHIV with previous active TB have worse cardiac efficiency than APHIV without TB, which is mediated by increased inflammation. Arterial elastance (Ea) and ventricular end-systolic elastance (Ees) were assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and ventriculoarterial coupling (VAC) estimated as Ea/Ees ratio...

BACKGROUND: Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is an aggressive small round cell tumor, affecting bone and soft tissues and is mostly seen in childhood and second decade of life. EWS accounts for 10-12% of bone tumors in more than 15 years age group and is even rarer after 40 years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis was conducted among patients aged more than 15 years with histologically proven EWS. RESULTS: Among 240 cases of EWS treated at our center during 2001-2010, 130 (54%) were more than 15 years of age...

The functionality of atomic quantum emitters is intrinsically linked to their host lattice coordination. Structural distortions that spontaneously break the lattice symmetry strongly impact their optical emission properties and spin-photon interface. Here we report on the direct imaging of charge state-dependent symmetry breaking of two prototypical atomic quantum emitters in mono- and bilayer MoS2 by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM). By changing the built-in substrate chemical potential, different charge states of sulfur vacancies (VacS ) and substitutional rhenium dopants (ReMo ) can be stabilized...

BACKGROUND: Limb-sparing surgery is the standard of care for primary bone tumors. However, such procedures are associated with high rates of wound complications, specifically in lower-extremity surgeries. Therefore, identifying and implementing interventions to minimize the likelihood of wound complications after limb-sparing resection of the lower extremity is crucial. METHODS: Patients who underwent limb-sparing osteosarcoma or Ewing sarcoma resection during a 7-year period at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed...

This study evaluated the effects of inhaling Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus (OFA) extracts in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats experiencing chronic stress. Rats were exposed to restraint stress or circadian disruption and were inhaled either distilled water or OFA extracts. Electronic nose (E-nose) analysis identified 35 volatile aromatic compounds (VACs) in OFA extracts. Chronic stress led to a decrease in body weight initially, serotonin concentration, and the weights of the liver, kidneys, and fat pads. Additionally, circadian disruption increased melatonin levels and decreased cholesterol concentrations...

INTRODUCTION: There are different types of COVID-19 vaccines approved worldwide. Since no national studies focus on vaccine-related adverse reactions and breakthrough cases, this study aimed to investigate the rate of adverse events and COVID-19 infection in medical students in Iran. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included Iranian medical students who received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. The medical team gathered the demographic characteristics, comorbidities, type of vaccine, adverse events following vaccination, and history of COVID-19 infection data through a phone interview...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic not only adversely impacted physical health but also affected older adults' mental health. The first news on COVID-19 vaccination made a major breakthrough to the effect of improving older adults' mood, notwithstanding the fact that vaccinated individuals in this age group accounted only for 40.6% of the overall vaccination rollout in Poland. This study was aimed at assessing the level of anxiety regarding COVID-19 amongst older adults in Poland and assessing the attitude of older adults toward COVID-19 vaccination...

Adding certain excipients during the extraction process can enhance the concentration of target compounds, leading to potentially increased biological properties of the plant extract. This study explores the impact of PVP/VAC and SSG excipients on red clover bud extracts, aiming to enhance their concentration of target compounds and, consequently, their biological properties. The antioxidative potential was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, and the chemical profile was determined using mass spectrometry...

The timely differentiation of the AviPro Salmonella VAC T and VAC E strains from the wild-type Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium and ser. Enteritidis isolates is crucial for effectively monitoring veterinary isolates. Currently, the distinction between field and vaccine strains has been conducted routinely via phenotypic antimicrobial resistance testing since the vaccines were first introduced more than 20 years ago, and the differentiation based on the antimicrobial resistance profile is still a valid and well-established method...

We present a successful case of treating an infected popliteal aneurysm in a 71-year-old man who arrived at the emergency department in a septic state, reporting a three-week history of fever, lethargy, general malaise, and pain and swelling in the right popliteal fossa. Previously diagnosed with a sizable right popliteal aneurysm, the patient had undergone endovascular treatment using a Viabahn (WL Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, USA) endoprosthesis two months earlier. His fever and malaise emerged a week following minor surgery for a toe infection (panaritium) on the right foot, leading to subsequent necrotic lymphangitis on the dorsum of the same foot...

INTRODUCTION: We sought to better characterize outcomes in pediatric patients requiring open abdomen for instability with ongoing resuscitation, second look surgery, or left in discontinuity or congenital or acquired loss of domain that may lead to prolonged open abdomen (POA) or difficulties in successful abdominal wall closure. METHODS: We performed a single-institution retrospective review of patients aged less or equal to 18 years who presented to our institution from 2015 to 2022...

Aging-induced aortic stiffness has been associated with altered fatty acid metabolism. We studied aortic stiffness using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-assessed ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) and novel aortic (AO) global longitudinal strain (GLS) combined with targeted metabolomic profiling. Among community older adults without cardiovascular disease, VAC was calculated as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, divided by left ventricular (LV) GLS. AOGLS was the maximum absolute strain measured by tracking the phasic distance between brachiocephalic artery origin and aortic annulus...

BACKGROUND: Open fractures with extensive soft-tissue damage, significant periosteal stripping, and exposed bone ends pose a significant challenge in orthopaedics. So, we conducted a prospective study that investigated the efficacy of vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy in improving functional outcomes for orthopaedic open wounds. METHODS: A prospective case series was conducted for a period of 18 months at the department of orthopaedics. Seventeen patients with open wounds were included in the study after fulfilling specific criteria...

Despite rigorous vaccination protocols, calf morbidity is the primary contributor to economic loss in the calf sector of the dairy industry. Melatonin has modulated immune response in other mature animal species. We hypothesized that exogenous melatonin may improve the cellular response to vaccination in dairy calves. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of exogenous melatonin on polymorphonuclear leukocyte ( PMN ) function in Holstein heifer calves during immunization. Sixty neonatal Holstein heifers were enrolled by birth cohort (block) and randomized to one of four treatments: control ( CON ), vaccination of 0...

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the standard treatment for severe aortic valve stenosis in patients at increased surgical risk. Percutaneous transfemoral (TF) is the access of choice due to its reduced invasiveness and perioperative morbidity/mortality compared with the trans-axillary, aortic, and apical routes. On the other hand, vascular access complications (VACs) of the TF access are associated with prolonged hospitalization, 30-day, and 1-year mortality...

INTRODUCTION: Lesotho has the second-highest prevalence of HIV. Despite progress in achieving HIV epidemic control targets, inequities persist among certain groups, particularly associations between disability, HIV, and violence. We assessed the prevalence of disability and examined associations between disability and HIV and violence using data from the 2018 Lesotho Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (VACS). METHODS: Lesotho VACS was a nationally representative survey of females and males ages 13-24...

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Fournier's gangrene (FG) is an extremely rare necrotizing fasciitis that is insidious, rapidly spreading and life-threatening. FGs due to rectal cancer occur rarely and there is a lack of clinical reference. In the present study, a severe FG due to rectal cancer perforation was described and the features of this rare disease were summarized with a literature review. A 57-year-old man was admitted because of rectal cancer-induced FG. The patient was misdiagnosed with extensive perianal abscess until the intraoperative biopsy confirmed that rectal cancer was the culprit...

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), an invasive subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is associated with chromosomal translocation events resulting in one of two oncogenic fusion genes, PAX3-FOXO1 or PAX7-FOXO1 . ARMS patients exhibit an overexpression of the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). This overexpression of TGF-β1 causes an increased expression of a downstream transcription factor called SNAIL, which promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overexpression of TGF-β also inhibits myogenic differentiation, making ARMS patients highly resistant to chemotherapy...