Stat-3

BACKGROUND: Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are found to be one of the main factors contributing to poor therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as they are protected by the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) against conventional therapies. Gossypol acetic acid (GAA), which is extracted from the seeds of cotton plants, exerts anti-tumor roles in several types of cancer and has been reported to induce apoptosis of LSCs by inhibiting Bcl2. AIM: To investigate the exact roles of GAA in regulating LSCs under different microenvironments and the exact mechanism...

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Currently, the pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is considered to be intimately related to the severity of myocardial injury during myocardial infarction. Interventions targeting IL-6 are a promising therapeutic option for myocardial infarction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report the novel role of IL-6 in regulating adverse cardiac remodeling mediated by fibroblasts in a mouse model of myocardial infarction...

Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ (C-KJ) is a green alga with unique immunoregulatory characteristics. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the modification of T cell function by C-KJ components. The water-soluble extract of C-KJ was fractionated into protein (P) and sugar (S) fractions acidic (AS), basic (BS), and neutral (NS). These fractions were used for the treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Transcriptome analysis revealed that both P and AS enhanced the expression of the genes encoding metallothionein (MT) family proteins, inflammatory factors, and T helper (Th) 17 cytokine and suppressed that of those encoding Th2 cytokines in stimulated T cells...

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevailing neurodegenerative disorder increasingly affecting the elderly population. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in PD has been confirmed. We sought to explore the molecular mechanism of miR-20a-5p in PD. METHODS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cell model and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP-HCl)-induced PD mouse model were established. miR-20a-5p, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and IL-10 expression in BV2 cells was examined by reverse transcription - quantitative polymerase chain reaction...

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the anti-inflammatory activity between Etoricoxib (ETO) and Matcha green tea (MG) in the context of acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ionizing gamma radiation (IR) in female rats. Furthermore, the potential impact of whole body IR exposure on the intestinal system and serum estradiol levels was investigated. Additionally, it was acknowledged that the ETO and MG treatments might have exerted favorable effects on the intestinal and hormonal responses...

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is extensively involved in the development, homeostasis and function of immune cells, with STAT3 disruption associated with human immune-related disorders. These roles have been assumed to be due to its canonical mode of action as an inducible transcription factor downstream of multiple cytokines, although alternative non-canonical functional modalities have also been described for STAT3. To further understand the roles of STAT3 gained from lineage-specific mouse knockouts, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate mutants of the conserved zebrafish Stat3 protein: a loss of function knockout (KO) mutant and a mutant lacking C-terminal sequences including the transactivation domain (ΔTAD)...

The ergosterol from mushrooms has gained significant ethnopharmacological importance in various cultures, including China, Japan, and Europe. This compound has been found to possess immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful in the treatment of immune disorders. In this study, we focused on investigating the potential anticancer properties of ergosterol isolated from the edible mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolica in breast cancer cell lines. The ergosterol was purified and identified using advanced analytical techniques such as ESI-MS and NMR...

BACKGROUND: Nicotine, the main compound of smoking may exert its effects by changing the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). This study was conducted to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-dependent effects of nicotine in an animal model of liver fibrosis. METHODS: The bile duct ligation (BDL) approach was used to create a model of liver fibrosis. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were used in the study. The effects of nicotine administration on miRNA-124 expression, as well as alpha-smooth muscle actin (liver fibrosis marker) and chemokine ligand 2 (an inflammatory chemokine), were investigated using RT-qPCR...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 has been found within mitochondria in addition to its canonical role of shuttling between cytoplasm and nucleus during cytokine signaling. Mitochondrial STAT3 has been implicated in modulation of cellular metabolism, largely through effects on the respiratory electron transport chain. However, the structural requirements underlying mitochondrial targeting and function have remained unclear. Here, we show that mitochondrial STAT3 partitions between mitochondrial compartments defined by differential detergent solubility, suggesting that mitochondrial STAT3 is membrane associated...

Associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and adverse outcomes for children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are starting to be recognized; however, such links remain understudied. We examined the relationship between community-level material deprivation on mortality, readmission, and length of stay (LOS) for children undergoing surgery for CHD. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent cardiac surgery at our institution from 2015 to 2018. A community-level deprivation index (DI), a marker of community material deprivation, was generated to contextualize the lived experience of children with CHD...

The present study was conducted to scrutinize the pharmacological effect of Estragole (ESG) against CFA-induced arthritis in rats. The rats underwent induction of arthritis using the administration of CFA and after that, the rats were randomly divided into five different groups, where three groups correspond to diverse dosages of ESG, and the other two were control and CFA-arthritic control. Results of the study suggested that ESG in a dose-dependent manner, improves body weight and arthritis score of rats as evidenced by reduction of hind-paw volume...

BACKGROUND: Empagliflozin (EMPA) demonstrates cardioprotective effects on the patients with heart failure, but its effects in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) remain unspecified. The purpose of the exploratory study was to investigate the effect of EMPA on patients with type 2 CRS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: This study was a randomized trial of patients with type 2 CRS and DM done between December 2020 and January 2022. Patients were randomly allocated to the control group and the EMPA group using EMPA as an add-on treatment...

Sepsis is defined as the body's overwhelming and life-threatening response to infection that can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. Since bacterial infection is one of the main causes of sepsis, appropriate antimicrobial therapy remains the cornerstone of sepsis and septic shock management. However, since sepsis is a multifaceted chaos involving inflammation and anti-inflammation disbalance leading to the unregulated widespread release of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and pathogen-related molecules leading to system-wide organ dysfunction, the whole body control to prevent the progression of organ dysfunction is needed...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Solenostemma argel is widely distributed in Africa & Asia with traditional usage in alleviating abdominal colic, aches, & cramps. This plant is rich in phytochemicals, which must be explored for its pharmacological effects. PURPOSE: Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the digestion of the digestive tube. PUD not only interferes with food digestion & nutrient absorption, damages one of the largest defensive barriers against pathogenic micro-organisms, but also impedes drug absorption & bioavailability, rendering the oral route, the most convenient way, ineffective...

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Considering that the potential for okra as an anti-diabetic is very high, while okra productivity in Indonesia is still low, a plant breeding program through variety development is needed. One of the initial activities that needs to be carried out is the characterization of various genotypes, both quantitative and qualitative characters. This research aimed to obtain information on the diversity of morpho-agronomic characters in okra genotypes. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The experiment was conducted as a randomized block design, one factor is genotype with three replications...

Currently, the treatment of gliomas still relies primarily on surgery and radiochemotherapy. Although there are various drugs available, including temozolomide, the overall therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory, and the prognosis remains poor. Therefore, the in-depth study of the mechanism of glioma development and a search for new therapeutic targets are the keys to improving the therapeutic treatment of gliomas and improving the prognosis of patients. Immunohistochemistry is used to detect the expression of relevant molecules in tissues, qPCR and Western blot are used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of relevant molecules, CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) is used to assess cell viability and proliferation capacity, Transwell is used to evaluate cell migration and invasion ability, and RNA transcriptome sequencing is used to identify the most influential pathways...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major hepatic disorder occurring in non-alcohol-drinking individuals. Salvianic acid A or Danshensu (DSS, 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2 R )-lactic acid), derived from the root of Danshen ( Salvia miltiorrhiza ), has demonstrated heart and liver protective properties. In this work, we investigated the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective activity of Danshensu alone and in combination with different agents, such as probiotic bacteria ( Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus ), against several assays...

Serotonin emerges as a pivotal factor influencing the growth and functionality of β-cells. Psilocybin, a natural compound derived from mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus, exerts agonistic effects on the serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors, thereby mimicking serotonin's behavior. This study investigates the potential impacts of psilocybin on β-cell viability, dedifferentiation, and function using an in vitro system. The INS-1 832/13 Rat Insulinoma cell line underwent psilocybin pretreatment, followed by exposure to high glucose-high lipid (HG-HL) conditions for specific time periods...

Plasma concentrations of a pleiotropic cytokine, interleukin (IL)-6, are increased in patients with cardiac myxoma. We investigated the regulation of IL-6 in cardiac myxoma. Immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that IL-6 and its receptors, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and gp130, co-existed in the myxoma cells. Myxoma cells were cultured, and an antibody array assay showed that a conditioned medium derived from the cultured myxoma cells contained increased amounts of IL-6...