Deferens

BACKGROUND: The endocannabinoid system plays important roles in various systems, including the genitourinary system; however, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the direct relaxant effects of anandamide and its possible mechanisms in isolated rat bladder and vas deferens tissues. METHODS: Twenty-one adult male Wistar albino rats were used. Bladder and vas deferens (prostatic and epididymal portions) tissues were mounted in 10 mL of organ baths...

Canine prostatic carcinoma (PC) has incompletely defined CT features. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective case series was to assess prostatic, regional, and distant findings of PC. Thirty dogs were enrolled. Consistent prostatic features included postcontrast heterogeneity with hypoattenuating, nonenhancing areas (30/30), capsular distortion (29/30), prostatic urethral effacement, displacement, or invasion (28/30), precontrast heterogeneity (27/30), and mineralization (24/30) which was always within or at the margin of the hypoattenuating areas...

BACKGROUND: Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 1 (Siglec-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in the sialic acid (Sia)-dependent regulation of the immune system. Siglec-1 expression has recently been identified in the male reproductive tract (MRT) of several species, including humans, cattle, horses, and sheep, and may play a role in modulating fertility in a Sia-dependent manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of Siglec-1 was conducted to identify associated network protein conservation, and the expression of Siglec-1 in the MRT of mice and rats, including their accessory sex glands and spermatozoa was determined by immunostaining...

Understanding squamate reproductive morphology is crucial for investigating ecological, behavioral, and evolutionary questions. Here, we describe the anatomy and histology of the male genital system of Ameiva ameiva from southeastern Brazil. Ten adult males were dissected to characterize genital macroscopy and collect fragments of the testes, gonadoducts, and kidneys for histological examination. We examined 10 transverse histological sections per individual and measured the epithelial height of the epididymis and ductus deferens...

This study aims to explore the optimal management strategy for pediatric vanishing testes syndrome (VTS) based on pathological characteristics. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data and pathological results of children with unilateral VTS who underwent surgical treatment at our center from July 2012 to July 2023. The children were categorized into the testicular excision group and testicular preservation group based on the surgical approach. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between the two groups...

Introduction: The human umbilical artery (HUA), rat-isolated right atrium, and rat-isolated vas deferens present a basal release of 6-nitrodopamine (6-ND). The basal release of 6-ND from these tissues was significantly decreased (but not abolished) when the tissues were pre-incubated with Nω -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Methods: In this study, the effect of the pharmacological modulation of the redox environment on the basal release of 6-ND was investigated. The basal release of 6-ND was measured using Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)...

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effiicacy of laparoscopic assisted microsurgical vasovasostomy in the treatment of vas deferens obstruction caused by inguinal herniorrhaphy. METHODS: Clinical data of patients undergoing surgical treatment for deferential obstruction after inguinal hernia repair in the andrology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods: double mirror combined group and microscope group...

BACKGROUND: Microdenervation of the spermatic cord (MSCD) is an effective treatment modality for men with intractable scrotal content pain. For patients not interested in preserving fertility, some centers advocate ligation of the vas during denervation, while others prefer stripping of the vas deferens to preserve the vasal artery, hence preserving vasculature to the testis and possibly decreasing post-operative congestion pain. OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes of patients with chronic orchialgia, who underwent MSCD by either stripping or ligating the vas deferens...

We used histological and morphometric methods to study the testis and associated glands, including the epididymis, ductus deferens, and renal sexual segment (RSS), of specimens of Basiliscus vittatus sampled from Tabasco, Mexico (17.5926° N, 92.5816° W). Samples were collected throughout 1 year, which included the dry (February to May) and rainy (June to January) seasons. Spermatogenesis in B. vittatus is active throughout the year, but a significant increase in the testicular volume, diameters of seminiferous tubules, height of the germinal epithelium, spermiogenesis, and released spermatozoa occur in the dry season...

Zinner syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly affecting males, is characterized by atresia of the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle cysts, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This case report details a 2-year-old boy successfully treated with laparoscopic excision of a dilated vas deferens and seminal vesicle cyst. The rarity of Zinner syndrome in pediatric patients underscores the importance of understanding its diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical management.

Obstructive azoospermia is a kind of common clinical disease, which often happens in epididymis, vas deferens and ejaculatory duct obstruction and accounts for male infertility. Azoospermia, which is caused by obstruction of the ejaculatory duct, is relatively rare. but the development of endoscopic technology now allows the disease to be resolved by surgery. In the past, transurethral resection of ejaculatory duct (TURED) has been used to treat patients with ejaculatory duct obstruction and azoosperm-free disease...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of systematic male reproductive system ultrasonography in the diagnosis of azoospermia etiology. METHODS: Retrospective analysis and classification statistics were conducted on the data of azoospermia cases who underwent systematic male reproductive system ultrasound examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2013 to January 2023. RESULTS: A total of 375 cases were included in the group, of which 303 cases could be diagnosed by ultrasound, including 161 cases of obstructive causes, 110 cases of non obstructive causes, and 32 cases of mixed causes...

PURPOSE: This video aims to present an in-depth, step-by-step tutorial on microsurgical reconstruction for obstructive azoospermia, featuring a distinctive case involving anastomosis from vas deferens to rete testis. The primary aim of this endeavor is to offer thorough and practical insights for healthcare professionals and researchers within the realm of reproductive medicine. The video endeavors to disseminate expertise, methodologies, and perspectives that can be advantageous to individuals grappling with obstructive azoospermia, providing a significant contribution to the progress of reproductive medicine and the augmentation of existing treatment alternatives...

BACKGROUND: A few studies have examined the ultrastructure of prostatic neuroendocrine cells (NECs), and no study has focused on their ultrastructure in three dimensions. In this study, three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis of mouse prostatic NECs was performed to clarify their anatomical characteristics. METHODS: Three 13-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were deeply anesthetized, perfused with physiological saline and 2% paraformaldehyde, and then placed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recently, deep learning algorithms, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown remarkable progress in medical imaging analysis. Semantic segmentation, which segments an unknown image into different parts and objects, has potential applications in robotic surgery in areas where artificial intelligence (AI) can be applied, such as in AI-assisted surgery, surgeon training, and skill assessment. We aimed to investigate the performance of a CNN-based deep learning model in real-time segmentation in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP)...

AIM: As multidisciplinary treatment strategies for colorectal cancer have improved, aggressive surgical resection has become commonplace. Multivisceral and extended resections offer curative-intent resection with significant survival benefit. However, limited data exist regarding the feasibility and oncological efficacy of performing extended resection via a minimally invasive approach. The aim of this study was to determine the perioperative and long-term outcomes following robotic extended resection for colorectal cancer...

Infertility affects couples worldwide. Among these, obstructive azoospermia (OA) is a common cause. In some cases, the lack of spermatozoa in ejaculation results from blockages in the male reproductive tract. In this case study, we discuss an infertile male diagnosed with OA following three years of unsuccessful attempts at conception. The male had a history of bilateral inguinal hernia repair due to congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Diagnostic assessments confirmed azoospermia. Microscopic epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) was performed for sperm retrieval due to its efficacy and reduced postoperative pain, testicular atrophy, and decreased testosterone levels...

Background: Laparoscopic sac disconnection and peritoneal closure represents an alternative to open pediatric hernia repair. We performed a retrospective review of our data to evaluate this alternative method. Materials and Methods: With REB approval, a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent laparoscopic indirect inguinal hernia repair between June 2013 and July 2016 was conducted. Primary outcome was the recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes included length of surgery, postoperative hydrocele, and perioperative complications...

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide used to control pests in crops. Thus, humans are constantly exposed through ingestion of contaminated food or water, inhalation of contaminated air, and through the skin. The juvenile and peripubertal periods comprise a window of development of the reproductive system, sensitive to toxic agents. Considering the scarcity of data on exposure to the insecticide during these periods, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chlorpyrifos on the testis during the juvenile and peripubertal periods...