Eccentric training

Looming perception, the ability to sense approaching objects, is crucial for the survival of humans and animals. After hundreds of millions of years of evolutionary development, biological entities have evolved efficient and robust looming perception visual systems. However, current artificial vision systems fall short of such capabilities. In this study, we propose a novel spiking neural network for looming perception that mimics biological vision to communicate motion information through action potentials or spikes, providing a more realistic approach than previous artificial neural networks based on sum-then-activate operations...

Many individuals do not participate in resistance exercise, with perceived lack of time being a key barrier. Minimal dose strategies, which generally reduce weekly exercise volumes to less than recommended guidelines, might improve muscle strength with minimal time investment. However, minimal dose strategies and their effects on muscle strength are still unclear. Here our aims are to define and characterize minimal dose resistance exercise strategies and summarize their effects on muscle strength in individuals who are not currently engaged in resistance exercise...

BACKGROUND: Preliminary evidence suggests that eccentric strength training (ECC) improves muscle strength and postural control in individuals with stroke; however, the evidence about the effects of ECC in people living with stroke has not been systematically analyzed. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of ECC, compared to other exercise modalities (i.e., concentric training), on motor function in individuals with stroke. METHODS: This scoping review was performed according to PRISMA extension for scoping reviews...

The molecular mechanisms underlying muscular adaptations to concentric, and eccentric exercise training have been extensively explored. However, most previous studies have focused on subjectively selected proteins, thus, unable to provide a comprehensive protein profile, and potentially missing the crucial mechanisms underlying muscular adaptation to exercise training. We herein aimed to investigate proteomic profiles of human skeletal muscle in response to short-term resistance training. Twenty young males were randomly and evenly assigned to two groups to complete a four-week either eccentric (ECC) or concentric (CON) training program...

Whether eccentric exercise involves active fascicle stretch is unclear due to muscle-tendon unit (MTU) series elasticity. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of changing the activation timing and level (i.e., pre-activation) of the contraction on muscle fascicle kinematics and kinetics of the human tibialis anterior during dynamometer-controlled maximal voluntary MTU-stretch-hold contractions. B-mode ultrasound and surface electromyography were employed to assess muscle fascicle kinematics and muscle activity levels, respectively...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Achilles tendinopathy is a common overuse injury affecting the ankle and foot. It manifests as a clinical condition that includes pain, edema, and decreased functionality. This condition can be broadly categorized into two main types based on anatomical location: insertional and noninsertional tendinopathy. The development of Achilles tendinopathy involves various factors, both internal and external. Patients with Achilles tendinopathy often experience stiffness worsened by prolonged rest, and pain exacerbated by physical activity...

INTRODUCTION: Large increases in joint range of motion (ROM) have been reported after eccentric resistance training, however limited data exist describing the associated mechanisms or potential cross-education effects in the contralateral limb. Therefore, the effects of a 6-week isokinetic eccentric plantarflexor training program were examined in 26 participants. METHODS: Before and after the training program, dorsiflexion ROM, plantarflexor strength, and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) morphology and mechanics were measured in control (n = 13) and experimental (n = 13) young adult groups...

PURPOSE: The vulnerability of rod photoreceptors in aging and early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been well documented. Rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA) is a measure of the recovery of light sensitivity in rod photoreceptors following a bright light. Delays in RMDA during early and intermediate AMD have been widely reported. For RMDA's promise as an outcome for trials targeted at early and intermediate AMD to be realized, excellent test-retest reliability, its repeatability, must be established...

PURPOSE: Curcumin ingestion can mitigate muscle damage, soreness, and inflammation following a laboratory-based eccentric exercise. Similar effects were observed in recent field-based studies wherein responses were evaluated after a soccer match. However, various potential confounding factors, such as matching opponent skill levels and daily training conditions, may have influenced the outcomes. In the present study, we investigated whether curcumin intake ameliorates changes in muscle damage markers following a soccer match while controlling for the potential confounding factors...

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis (HD) per se is a risk factor for thrombosis. Considering the growing body of evidence on blood-flow restriction (BFR) exercise in HD patients, identification of possible risk factors related to the prothrombotic agent D-dimer is required for the safety and feasibility of this training model. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with higher D-dimer levels and to determine the acute effect of resistance exercise (RE) with BFR on this molecule...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) can be used to inversely model complex physical systems by encoding the governing partial differential equations and training data into the neural network. However, neural networks are known to be biased towards learning less complex functions, called spectral bias. This has important implications in modeling cardiovascular flows, where spatial frequencies can vary substantially across anatomies and pathologies (e.g., aneurysms or stenoses)...

BACKGROUND: General expectations speculated that there are differences between drop jump (DJ) and horizontal drop jump (HDJ) exercises. While these criteria may be valid, we have yet to find a report that explores these differences in competitive level athletes. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare spatiotemporal variables in the drop jump (DJ) vs . the horizontal drop jump (HDJ) in elite jumpers and sprinters. METHODS: Sixteen international-level male athletes performed two DJ attempts at different fall heights 0...

Ferguson, J, Gibson, NV, Weston, M, and McCunn, R. Reliability of measures of lower body strength and speed in academy male adolescent soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): e96-e103, 2024-The Nordbord and ForceFrame represent a practical and time efficient means of assessing eccentric hamstring and isometric adductor strength in the large number of squads and players associated with youth soccer academies, yet measurement reliability in this population is unexamined. Therefore, over a period of 4 days, with no less than 24 hours and no more than 48 hours between trials, 37 players (age: 14...

Furlan, MR, Machado, E, Petter, GdN, Barbosa, IM, Geremia, JM, and Glänzel, MH. Self-massage acute effects on pressure pain threshold, muscular electrical activity, and muscle force production: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 620-635, 2024-Self-massage (SM) is often used in physiotherapy and sports training programs. However, the SM acute effects on pressure pain threshold (PPT), muscle electrical activity (MEA), and muscle force production remain unclear. A meta-analytical review was performed to verify the SM acute effects on neuromuscular responses in healthy adults or athletes...

BACKGROUND: Hamstring (HS) strength deficits and imbalances have been identified as risk factors for sustaining anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and muscular strains, with HS injuries being the most prevalent muscle injuries in soccer athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate HS eccentric strength before and after a soccer match in both male and female soccer athletes. HYPOTHESIS: Soccer athletes have changes in eccentric HS strength after a soccer game...

In the final part of this three-article collection on the training strategies of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches, we provide a detailed description of the resistance training methods and exercises most commonly employed by these speed experts. Always with the objective of maximizing the sprint and jump capabilities of their athletes, these experienced coaches primarily utilize variable, eccentric, concentric, machine-based, isometric, complex, and isoinertial resistance training methods in their daily practices...

In light of previous research highlighting the prevalence of asymmetries in soccer players and possible links to injury risks, there is a crucial gap in the biomechanical understanding of complex relationships between lower extremity and trunk asymmetries in elite soccer players. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level, relationships, and differences among twelve different parameters of strength, morphological, and neuromuscular asymmetries in elite soccer players. Methods: Elite male soccer players ( n = 25, age 21...

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of eccentric training on hamstring flexibility and strength in young dancers during the concluding stages of their foundational dance training program. A total of 24 female, second-year dance students from Hebei Normal University were selected as participants. They were divided into three distinct groups: Nordic hamstring exercise and single-leg deadlift group (NHE&SLD), forward bending exercises and standing leg lift group (FBE&SLL), and a control group (CG)...