Prehypertension

We tested the hypothesis that exaggerated pressor responses observed in prehypertensive males (N = 9) during dynamic exercise are attenuated following acute dietary supplementation with grape seed extract (GSE) (i.e., a single dose). Effects of placebo and GSE (300 mg) on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), total vascular conductance (TVC), and rate × pressure product (RPP) in response to two submaximal cycling workloads (40% and 60% VO2peak ) were compared 2 h after ingestion of GSE or placebo on different days, 1 week apart...

PURPOSE: Fruit and vegetable intake has been inversely associated with the risk of hypertension; however, there is inconsistent evidence on the long-term association. Given this gap in the literature, it is necessary to identify evidence from large prospective studies, especially in China, where insufficient evidence exists. Thus, we examined the association of fruit and vegetable intake with incident hypertension in Chinese adults. METHODS: We conducted analyses among 5659 Chinese adults aged 18-64 years, free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and hypertension in the 2006 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationships of clinical and laboratory parameters, with erythrocyte oxygen concentration. METHODS: The study group consisted of 47 healthy adults out of which 16 showed slightly higher blood pressure and were classified as individuals with prehypertension. For each individual, data were obtained on: systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), blood morphology, lipids profile, fibrinogen, hs-CRP. The erythrocyte oxygen concentration was assessed with the Raman spectroscopy technique...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have elevated sympathetic nervous system (SNS) reactivity and impaired sympathetic and cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Device-guided slow breathing (DGB) has been shown to lower blood pressure (BP) and sympathetic activity in other patient populations. We hypothesized that DGB acutely lowers BP, heart rate (HR), and improves BRS in PTSD. In 23 prehypertensive veterans with PTSD, we measured continuous BP, EKG, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest, and during 15 minutes of device-guided slow breathing at 5 breaths/min (DGB; n=13) or identical sham device breathing at normal rates of 14 breaths/min (SHAM; n=10)...

Introduction: The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of prehypertensive and elevated blood pressure in the hypertensive range (elevated BP) and obtain some anthropometric measures in Slovene children and adolescents. Methods: In the cross-sectional study lasting one year, we measured BP using mercury sphygmomanometers, as well as height, weight, waist, and hip circumferences in schools. Data from regular check-ups (oscillometric measurements) were also added to increase the sample size...

Objectives: Both acid-sensing ion channel acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) have been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Common colocalization of ASIC3 and TRPV1 channels in the same sensory neuron has been reported. We aimed to study the combined ASIC3 and TRPV1 gene polymorphisms in the risk of hypertension. Materials and Methods: To test the statistical association between genetic polymorphisms of the ASIC3 and TRPV1 genes and blood pressure (BP) variations in Taiwanese, 551 unrelated individuals (286 men and 265 women) having routine health examinations were recruited...

Background: Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and associated mortality, and postmenopausal women are at a high risk of hypertension. We aim to investigate the hypotensive effect and safety of acupuncture, focusing on postmenopausal women with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension. In addition, we aim to investigate whether the effect of acupuncture treatment differed, depending on Sasang Constitution and cold-heat pattern. Methods: This study is designed as an intervention cohort study...

Taking blood pressure with the patient seated on the edge of an exam table led to misclassification of prehypertension or hypertension in 13.2% of patients.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation has been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. We determined whether nod-like receptor with pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) involved in the process of prehypertension, central blockade of NLRP3 decreased inflammation reaction, regulated neurohormonal excitation, and delayed the progression of prehypertension. METHODS: Prehypertensive rats were induced by 8% salt diet. The rats on high-salt diet for 1 month were administered a specific NLRP3 blocker in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) for 4 weeks...

Prehypertension (defined by The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, JNC-7) is relevant to a higher cardiovascular risk than normotensives. Early intervention in this particular population is essential to avoid progression into hypertension (HTN). This study is to explore whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) can strongly predict the incidence of HTN in community-based prehypertensives. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from September 2011 to June 2012 in urban communities of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China...

OBJECTIVES: Comorbid hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia is an important risk factor for carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation. We put forward the hypothesis that the subjects with comorbid prehypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia also had an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, using carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as the marker of the atherosclerotic process. METHODS: A total of 4102 asymptomatic Chinese subjects aged 18-60 years were divided into four groups according to blood pressure (BP) and homocysteine (HCY) level: the control group without prehypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia, isolated prehypertension group, simple hyperhomocysteinemia group and prehypertension with hyperhomocysteinemia group...

Hypertension is becoming a global epidemic for both rural and urban populations; it is a major public health challenge in Iran. Fluoride can be a risk factor for hypertension. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in two study areas to assess the relation of fluoride with blood pressure prevalence, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among different age groups in both sexes. The mean value of fluoride concentration in the drinking water from the four study villages varied from 0.68 to 10...

AIM: In recent years, survival rates of childhood cancers have significantly increased, and occurrence of long-term adverse late effects (eg, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension) has become increasingly important. Early diagnosis of obesity/hypertension in childhood is essential to avoid morbidity in the adulthood. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the blood pressure (BP) profile by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) method, and prevalence of hypertension, obesity, abdominal obesity among childhood cancer survivors...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is frequently studied in surveys; however, prehypertension, a new blood pressure status between normotension and hypertension, is rarely reported. METHODS: All data were derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and were analysed by logistic regression for correlation. RESULTS: The prehypertension prevalence was 27.4%, with a hypertension rate of 36.9%. The awareness, treatment, and uncontrolled rates among all hypertension participates were 19...

Prehypertension (pHTN) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are both lifestyle diseases that are potentiated by increased adiposity, as both disease processes are closely related to weight. In the case of pHTN, increased adiposity causes dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) as well as adipokine- and leptin-associated increases in adrenergic tone. In MetS, excess weight potentiates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance which causes positive feedback into the RAAS system, activates an inflammatory cascade that potentiates atherosclerosis, and causes lipid dysregulation which together contribute to cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF)...

Available data indicate that dietary sodium (as salt) relates directly to blood pressure (BP). Most of these findings are from studies lacking dietary data; hence, it is unclear whether this sodium-BP relationship is modulated by other dietary factors. With control for multiple nondietary factors, but not body mass index, there were direct relations to BP of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and the urinary sodium/potassium ratio among 4680 men and women 40 to 59 years of age (17 population samples in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States) in the INTERMAP (International Study on Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure), and among its 2195 American participants, for example, 2 SD higher 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (118...

BACKGROUND: In a cooperative multi-center interventional study of 60 probands with prehypertension and normal BMIs were followed for 3 months. DESIGN: The intervention included the DASH diet for 3 months in 30 probands plus sodium limited intake using the low sodium salt Kardisal® (60% NaCl, 40% KCl) (group A) and the DASH diet for 3 months in 30 probands without Kardisal® (group B). RESULTS: In group A (n=26 probands evaluated) the systolic blood pressure (median) decreased significantly from 138 to 129 mmHg (p<0...

Objectives: The Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) established 4 health centers to provide hypertension screening and a health support program in a deprived urban area of Lima, Peru. This case report provides a mid-term evaluation of the KOICA's hypertension prevention and control programs. Methods: A follow up study was performed on 663 residents who were diagnosed with prehypertension or hypertension (Stage 1 and 2) in the 4 KOICA health centers. Patients participated in programs designed to prevent and control hypertension through education sessions over the course of 6 months...

There has been increasing evidence about psychosomatic relationship between mood disorder and blood pressure (BP). However, the degree to which BP categories are associated with depression has been less well described. Thus, this study was to investigate the association of depression with BP categories. A total of 90,643 men and 68,933 women were enrolled in this study. They were stratified into four groups (normal, prehypertension, newly diagnosed hypertension, and recognized hypertension) according to the BP levels and the history of hypertension...

It has been reported that fermented milk (FM) with Lactococcus lactis NRRL B-50571 had an antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and prehypertensive subjects. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the possible mechanisms involved (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI), enhancement of nitric oxide production, antioxidant activity and opioid effect), in the antihypertensive effect of FM with SHR. First, twenty one SHR were randomized into three groups to either receive in a single-oral dose of purified water (negative control), FM, or naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist) + FM...