MSC HEMATOLOGY

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are key elements of the hematopoietic niche and participate in the regulatory mechanisms of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Hematological diseases can affect MSCs and their functions. However, the dysregulations caused by sickle cell disease (SCD) are not fully elucidated. This work explored changes in BM-MSCs and their relationship with age using sickle cell mice (Townes-SS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: BM-MSCs were isolated from Townes-SS, and control groups 30- and 60-day-old Townes-AA and C57BL/6 J...

To evaluate the co-transplantation efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) and peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) as a novel approach for refractory or relapsed severe aplastic anemia (R/R SAA) in children and adolescents, thirty-two children and adolescents diagnosed with R/R SAA underwent a retrospective chart review. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the source of PBSCs: the matched sibling donor (MSD) group and the unrelated donor (UD) group. No adverse events related to UC-MSC infusion occurred in any of the patients...

The ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, with both high quantities and quality, is considered a paramount issue in cell and gene therapy for hematological diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells reveal the importance of using 2D and 3D coculture as a physiological system simulator in the proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis of HSCs. Herein, the capacity of mesenchymal stem cells derived from different sources to support the expansion and maintenance of HSPC was compared with each other...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are two types of bone marrow stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate into different cell lineages. HSCs interact with MSCs under protective conditions, called niche. Numerous studies have indicated supportive effects of MSCs on HSCs proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, HSCs have many clinical applications and could treat different hematologic and non-hematologic diseases. For this purpose, there is a need to perform in vitro studies to optimize their expansion...

The hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell infiltration in the bone marrow accompanied by myelosuppression and osteolysis. Premalignant stages like monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and asymptomatic stages like smoldering myeloma (SMM) can progress to multiple myeloma (MM). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an integral component of the bone marrow microenvironment and play an important role for osteoblast differentiation and hematopoietic support. While stromal alterations have been reported in MM contributing to hematopoietic insufficiency and osteolysis, it is not clear whether alterations in MSC already occur in MGUS or SMM...

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC), known as prevalent cancer, has risen to be the leading cause of cancer-related death. Engineered exosomes had attracted much attention since they acted as carriers to deliver small molecule drugs, therapeutic nucleic acids, and polypeptides to treat a series of cancers. METHODS AND RESULTS: Here, we found that the PKH-26 labeled exosomes, which were derived from the CRC cells, could be efficiently absorbed by SW1116 cells and had an abundant fluorescence distribution in tumors, compared with the exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and HepG2 cells...

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a subset of heterogeneous, non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells which play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) functionally interact with hematopoietic stem progenitor cells regulating hematopoiesis. However, MSCs have also emerged in recent years as key regulators of the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, they are now considered active players in the pathophysiology of hematologic malignancies rather than passive bystanders in the hematopoietic microenvironment...

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is the most common complication after stem cell transplantation, and also it is one of the primary limiting factors for the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of hematologic cancers. GvHD, a systemic inflammatory disease, is caused by donor T cells recognizing the recipient's foreign antigens. In addition, an immune dysregulation, caused by autoreactive immune cells, complicates potent inflammatory process following HSCT. While there is no one approved treatment method for GvHD, corticosteroids are the most common first-line treatment...

Protein malnourishment (PM) is common among the elderly, but how aging and PM impact hematopoiesis is not fully understood. This study aimed to assess how aging and PM affect the hematopoietic regulatory function of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Young and aged male C57BL/6J mice were fed with normoproteic or hypoproteic diets and had their nutritional, biochemical and hematological parameters evaluated. BM MSCs were characterized and had their secretome, gene expression, autophagy, reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and DNA double-stranded breaks evaluated...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising biological therapeutic candidates in cancer treatment. As a source of MSCs, palatine tonsil tissue is one of the secondary lymphoid organs that form an essential part of the immune system, and the relation between the secondary lymphoid organs and cancer progression leads us to investigate the effect of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSC) on cancer treatment. We aimed to determine the anti-tumoral effects of T-MSCs cultured at the febrile temperature (40 °C) on hematological cancer cell lines...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with ectopic high OCT4 expression on T-cell proliferation, activation and secretion in vitro . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy children. Anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies were used to activate T lymphocytes, which were stimulated by interleukin (IL)-2 for one week in vitro . Then MSCs with ectopic high OCT4 expression (MSC-OCT4) were co-cultured with activated T lymphocytes...

BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological malignancy, associated with unfavorable patient outcome, primarily due to disease relapse. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) residing in the bone marrow (BM) niche are the source of mesenchyma-derived subpopulations, including adipocytes, and osteocytes, that are critical for normal hematopoiesis. This study aimed to characterize BM-derived adipocyte/osteocyte fractions and their crosstalk with AML cells as a potential mechanism underlying leukemogenesis...

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow (BM) transplantation is a life-saving therapy for hematological diseases, and the BM harbors also highly useful (progenitor) cell types for novel cell therapies manufacture. Yet, the BM collection technique is not standardized. METHODS: Benchmarking our collection efficiency to BM collections worldwide (N = 1248), we noted a great variability of total nucleated cell (TNC) yields in BM products (HPC-M) with superior performance of our center, where we have implemented a small volume aspirate policy...

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a late complication of cytotoxic therapy (CT) used in the treatment of both malignant and non-malignant diseases. Historically, t-MN has been considered to be a direct consequence of DNA damage induced in normal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells (HSPC) by CT. However, we now know that treatment-induced mutations in HSC are not the only players involved in t-MN development, but additional factors may contribute to the onset of t-MN. One of the known drivers involved in this field is the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) and, in particular, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), whose role in t-MN pathogenesis is the topic of this mini-review...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been officially approved in many countries to treat graft-versus-host disease, autoimmune disorders and those associated with tissue regeneration after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Studies in recent years have confirmed that MSC acts mainly through paracrine mechanism, in which extracellular vesicles secreted by MSC (MSC-EV) play a central role. MSC-EV has overwhelming advantages over MSC itself in the setting of adverse effects in clinical application, indicating that MSC-EV might take the place of its parent cells to be a potentially therapeutic tool for "cell-free therapy"...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disease of plasma cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) play an important role in the progression of MM. Compared with normal donor derived MSC (ND-MSC), MM patients derived MSC (MM-MSC) exhibit abnormalities in genes, signaling pathways, protein expression levels and cytokines secreted by themselves. Moreover, the exosomes of MM-MSC can interact with the bone marrow microenvironment. The above reasons can lead to MM cell proliferation, chemoresistance, impaired osteogenic differentiation of MM-MSC, and affect the immunomodulatory capacity of MM patients...

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for many malignant hematological diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are nonhematopoietic stem cells with strong self-renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential. They have the characteristics of hematopoietic support, immune regulation, tissue repair and regeneration, and homing. Recent studies have shown that HSCT combined with MSC infusion can promote the implantation of hematopoietic stem cells and enhance the reconstruction of hematopoietic function...

Endometritis is a uterine inflammatory disease that causes reduced livestock fertility, milk production and lifespan leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may act as an alternative for inefficacy of antibiotics and rising antibiotic resistance in endometritis. The present study aimed to cure the chronic endometritic buffaloes using allogenic adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSC). AD-MSCs were isolated from buffalo adipose tissue and characterized by multilineage differentiation as well as MSC-specific markers...

The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment (niche) is abnormally altered in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leading to deficient secretion of proteins, soluble factors, and cytokines by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) that modifies the crosstalk between MSC and hematopoietic cells. We focused on a WNT gene/protein family member, WNT5A, which is downregulated in leukemia and correlated with disease progression and poor prognosis. We demonstrated that WNT5A protein upregulated the WNT non-canonical pathway only in leukemic cells, without modulating normal cell behavior...

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and other therapeutic cells show efficacy for cardiac damage, neurological disease, chronic lung disease, pediatric graft versus host disease, and several inflammatory conditions. Based on their anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory activities, responsiveness, and secretion of beneficial factors, cellular therapeutics may provide benefits in acute and chronic traumatic injury. However, the use of live cells presents logistical challenges, especially for military trauma...