keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523051/management-of-obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-the-infant-and-newborn
#1
REVIEW
Jillian N Sanford, Derek J Lam
Obstructive sleep apnea in newborns and infants presents a unique challenge with distinct differences in sleep physiology, etiologies, and management compared to older children. The indications for and interpretation of polysomnography are less well defined in infants. There are also no broadly accepted clinical practice guidelines for treating sleep apnea in this age group. Etiologies include general causes of upper airway obstruction in infants such as laryngomalacia, micrognathia, and nasal obstruction in addition to adenotonsillar hypertrophy...
March 23, 2024: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523050/surgical-management-of-pediatric-obstructive-sleep-apnea-beyond-tonsillectomy-adenoidectomy-tongue-base-and-larynx
#2
REVIEW
Matthew Maksimoski, Carol Li
Pediatric patients with persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after adenotonsillectomy often have additional sites of upper airway obstruction such as the tongue base or larynx. Sleep endoscopy and cross-sectional, dynamic imaging can be used to direct surgical management of persistent OSA. The tongue base is one of the most common sites of obstruction in children with persistent OSA, especially for patients with Trisomy 21. Lingual tonsillectomy, tongue suspension, and/or posterior midline glossectomy may be used to address lingual tonsil hypertrophy and tongue base obstruction...
March 23, 2024: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517047/role-of-upper-airway-evaluation-in-the-multidisciplinary-management-of-obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-children-below-two-years-of-age
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanne Blancke, Charlotte Platteau, Emma Slosse, Stijn Verhulst, Sophie Installé, Nathalie Jouret, Kim Van Hoorenbeeck, An Boudewyns
BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in infants and young children is challenging because of its clinical heterogeneity and lack of age-specific guidelines. AIM: We report the management and treatment outcome of OSA in children below 2 years of age. Treatment decisions were based upon the pattern of upper airway (UA) obstruction, clinical presentation and OSA severity. METHODS: Retrospective, non-randomized observational cohort study at a tertiary center...
March 22, 2024: Pediatric Pulmonology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503669/laryngeal-structural-dysphagia-in-children
#4
REVIEW
Allison Keane, Lauren K Leeper, Amelia F Drake
The upper aerodigestive system is closely intertwined from an embryologic and functional perspective. Laryngotracheal anatomic abnormalities, such as laryngomalacia, stenosis, vocal cord paralysis, and laryngeal clefts, affect not only the respiratory function but also the swallow function. Laryngotracheal pathology can interfere with the suck-swallow-breathe mechanism in infants. It can also exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux. Chronic aspiration secondary to laryngotracheal anomalies can result in respiratory and pulmonary complications...
March 18, 2024: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465174/navigating-congenital-nasal-obstruction-a-contemporary-surgical-paradigm
#5
Dinie Tumaisuri, Farhana Arif, Hardip Gendeh, Saraiza Abu Bakar, Mohamad Safwan Zainuddin
An uncommon form of nasal airway obstruction in a newborn with respiratory distress manifestations that needs prompt surgical correction when medical therapy cannot address the problem adequately. In this case study, two newborns were diagnosed with congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) following a CT paranasal sinuses when the infant demonstrated persistent symptoms of upper airway obstruction. The narrowing of the nasal pyriform aperture, with a mean width of 0.65 cm in these newborns, was insufficient to allow breathing through the nostrils...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449281/infant-pulmonary-function-tests-in-children-with-airway-anomalies-and-correlation-with-bronchoscopy-findings
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amit Pathania, Kana Ram Jat, Jhuma Sankar, Rakesh Lodha, Sushil K Kabra
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role infant pulmonary function tests (Tidal Breathing Flow Volume Loops, TBFVL) in children with airway anomalies and to correlate the TBFVL so obtained with bronchoscopy findings. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled children aged 0-2 years with airway anomalies and performed TBFVL and bronchoscopy. The primary outcome measure was graphic pattern of TBFVL in laryngomalacia. Secondary outcome measures were types of TBFVL results in various airway anomalies and controls...
March 5, 2024: Indian Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38364547/characteristics-and-outcomes-of-interventions-for-pediatric-laryngomalacia-a-systematic-review-with-meta-analysis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John F Mills, Neil P Monaghan, Shaun A Nguyen, Christopher L Nguyen, Clarice S Clemmens, William W Carroll, Phayvanh P Pecha, David R White
OBJECTIVES: To analyze characteristics of children treated for laryngomalacia to determine predictive factors and provide an updated meta-analysis on outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines from inception to May 2, 2023, using CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Study screening, data extraction, quality rating, and risk of bias assessment were performed by 2 independent reviewers. Data were meta-analyzed using fixed-/random-effects model to derive continuous measures (mean), proportions (%), and mean difference (Δ) with 95% confidence interval (CI)...
February 12, 2024: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38322449/the-prevalence-of-dysphagia-in-children-with-laryngomalacia-pre-and-postsupraglottoplasty-a-systematic-review-with-meta-analysis
#8
REVIEW
Eduarda Pinto Rossoni, Vanessa Souza Gigoski de Miranda, Lisiane De Rosa Barbosa
Introduction  Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital laryngeal alteration, with spontaneous resolution in most cases. However, in the face of more severe presentations of the disease, it is necessary to perform supraglottoplasty surgery. Studies have been dedicated to researching changes in swallowing in children with laryngomalacia before and after surgical intervention. Objectives  To identify the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with pre and postsupraglottoplasty laryngomalacia...
January 2024: International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296343/an-update-on-diagnosis-and-management-of-obstructive-sleep-apnoea-in-the-first-2%C3%A2-years-of-life
#9
REVIEW
Anastasia Polytarchou, Angeliki Moudaki, Eli Van de Perck, An Boudewyns, Athanasios G Kaditis, Stijn Verhulst, Refika Ersu
The aim of this review is to summarise evidence that became available after publication of the 2017 European Respiratory Society statement on the diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in 1- to 23-month-old children. The definition of OSAS in the first 2 years of life should probably differ from that applied in children older than 2 years. An obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index >5 events·h-1 may be normal in neonates, as obstructive and central sleep apnoeas decline in frequency during infancy in otherwise healthy children and those with symptoms of upper airway obstruction...
January 31, 2024: European Respiratory Review: An Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38255407/clinical-application-of-pediatric-sleep-endoscopy-an-international-survey
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giannicola Iannella, Giuseppe Magliulo, Antonio Greco, Armando De Virgilio, Antonino Maniaci, Jerome R Lechien, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Ahmed Yassin Bahgat, Manuele Casale, Rodolfo Lugo, Peter Baptista, Fabrizio Salamanca, Aurelio D'Ecclesia, Tiziano Perrone, Federico Leone, Angelo Cannavicci, Giovanni Cammaroto, Claudio Vicini, Annalisa Pace
OBJECTIVES: To investigate through an international survey the actual clinical application of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to clarify the use, application, clinical indications, and protocol of pediatric DISE. METHODS: A specific survey about pediatric DISE was initially developed by five international otolaryngologists with expertise in pediatric sleep apnea and drug-induced sleep endoscopy and was later spread to experts in the field of sleep apnea, members of different OSA-related associations...
January 12, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219735/adult-laryngomalacia-a-scoping-review
#11
REVIEW
John F Mills, Neil P Monaghan, Shaun A Nguyen, Ashli K O'Rourke, Lucinda A Halstead, Ted A Meyer
OBJECTIVE: This review sought to determine the characteristics of adults diagnosed with new onset laryngomalacia including airway symptoms, laryngoscopic findings, treatments, and outcomes. Moreover, we wanted to highlight suspected limitations in the literature. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified through CINAHL, Cochrane Review, PubMed, and Scopus published between 1966 and 2023. REVIEW METHODS: The search was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist by 2 independent investigators...
January 14, 2024: Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38205904/ultrasound-in-causes-of-stridor-in-children
#12
Tejinder Kaur, Neha Baijal, Manisha Jana, Smita Manchanda, Priyanka Naranje, Ashu Seith Bhalla
Airway ultrasound (US) is an easily available, portable, radiation-free imaging modality for quick, non-invasive, dynamic evaluation of the airway without sedation. This is useful in children with stridor, which is an emergency due to upper airway obstruction requiring immediate management. Several causes of stridor including laryngomalacia, laryngeal cyst, subglottic hemangioma, vocal cord palsy, and lymphatic malformations can be evaluated accurately. Thin musculature and unossified cartilages in children provide a good acoustic window...
January 11, 2024: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine: Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38135440/a-case-of-mbtps1-related-disorder-due-to-compound-heterozygous-variants-in-mbtps1-gene-genotype-phenotype-expansion-and-the-emergence-of-a-novel-syndrome
#13
Khurram Liaqat, Kayla Treat, Lili Mantcheva, Abdul Nasir, David D Weaver, Erin Conboy, Francesco Vetrini
MBTPS1 (NM_003791.4) encodes Site-1 protease, a serine protease that functions sequentially with Site-2 protease regulating cholesterol homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. MBTPS1 pathogenic variants are associated with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Kondo-Fu type (MIM:618392; cataract, alopecia, oral mucosal disorder, and psoriasis-like syndrome, and Silver-Russell-like syndrome). In this report, we describe a 14-year-old female with a complex medical history including white matter volume loss, early-onset cataracts, retrognathia, laryngomalacia, inguinal hernia, joint hypermobility, feeding dysfunction, and speech delay...
December 22, 2023: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114317/-new-progress-in-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-congenital-laryngomalacia-in-infants
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pingfan Liu, Zongtong Lin, Ling Shen, Zhongjie Yang
<b/>Congenital laryngomalacia is the most common disease causing laryngeal stridor in infants. The pathogenesis has not yet been clearly concluded. It may be related to abnormal development of laryngeal cartilage anatomical structure, neuromuscular dysfunction, gastroesophageal and laryngeal reflux disease, etc. The typical manifestations of the disease are inspiratory laryngeal stridor and feeding difficulties, which can be divided into mild, moderate and severe according to the severity of symptoms...
December 2023: Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114310/-analysis-of-cases-of-laryngeal-airway-diseases-in-infants
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiaoyu Liao, Zongtong Lin, Ling Shen, Zhongjie Yang, Xinzhong Gao
Objective: To analyze the clinical data of laryngeal airway diseases in infants and provide reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: From June 2022 to August 2023, analyze the clinical data of 4 cases of children with laryngeal airway diseases recently admitted to Department of Otolaryngology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, and summarize the experience and lessons of diagnosis and treatment by consulting relevant literature. Results: Three cases had symptoms such as laryngeal wheezing, dyspnea, backward growth and development, etc...
December 2023: Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38101128/post-operative-safety-of-pediatric-supraglottoplasty-is-post-operative-admission-necessary
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ani Mnatsakanian, Jithin John, Anya Costeloe, Katrina Minutello, Holly Shifman, Prasad Thottam, Michael Haupert
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of adverse events in the first 48 h (acute) 14 days (subacute) in post supraglottoplasty pediatric patients. A secondary aim was to determine if postoperative hospital admission after supraglottoplasty in pediatric patients is necessary. METHODS: This study was a retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent supraglottoplasty at a tertiary care center. Data were obtained from January 2017-December 2020, totaling 107 patients...
December 9, 2023: American Journal of Otolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38094561/caregiver-burnout-in-pediatric-laryngomalacia-the-role-of-clinical-and-psychological-factors
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaşar Kemal Duymaz, Ferhat Küçük, Şamil Şahin, Burak Erkmen, Gamze Akçay Oruç, Ayşe Nilüfer Özaydın, Serap Önder, Aslı Şahin Yılmaz
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to assess caregiver burnout in relation to children diagnosed with laryngomalacia and identify factors influencing burnout levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 101 caregivers of children with laryngomalacia was studied. Burnout was assessed using the Zarit burden interview (ZBI), while the Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scales were employed to gauge psychological distress. The relationship between burnout and variables like the severity of laryngomalacia, the presence of comorbidities, the child's age, and caregiver demographics was examined using statistical tools in SPSS Statistics version 28...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022359/features-and-associated-comorbidities-of-laryngomalacia-in-saudi-arabia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Omar Alanzi, Moath Al-Faleh, Hussain Alsheef
Laryngomalacia (LM) is defined as the collapse of supraglottic structures during inspiration, resulting in intermittent airflow impedance and associated stridor. LM is the most prevalent cause of congenital stridor in newborns. The aim of this study is to determine the features and associated comorbidities of LM in Saudi Arabia and to delineate the diagnostic and therapeutic measures used, based on the severity of the case and related comorbidities. This is a three-year retrospective study of children diagnosed with LM and treated in the pediatric otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic at Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, between January 2018 and January 2022...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38018223/the-outcome-of-mandibular-distraction-osteogenesis-in-infants-with-severe-pierre-robin-sequence-in-vietnam
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dang Hoang Thom, Vu Ngoc Lam, Tran Thiet Son
The purpose of this study was to provide the experience of a single center with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) patients. A longitudinal research analysis was conducted to identify PRS patients who underwent MDO at Vietnam National Children's Hospital between 2019 and 2021. The following criteria were used to determine inclusion: 1) those pediatric patients with PRS who were not well handled with conservative therapy, 2) those who received MDO with internal mandibular distractors, and 3) no previous treatment elsewhere...
November 16, 2023: Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37979251/findings-on-drug-induced-sleep-endoscopy-in-infants-with-laryngomalacia
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adrian Williamson, Erica H McArdle, Hussein Jaffal
INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in infants with laryngomalacia (LM). Previous studies have reported high rates of persistent OSA following supraglottoplasty (SGP). The objective of this study is to describe the findings on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in infants with LM. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed including infants (12.5 months of age or less) with LM who underwent DISE along with direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (DLB)...
January 2024: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
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