Bland embolization

The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of the SUV normalized by liver volume (SUVL) between two liver receptor SPECT/CT studies performed on different days in patients with ICG-R15 values within normal range.

Methods: 935 patients who underwent liver receptor scintigraphy between January 2010 and August 2018 were included. Patients who underwent liver resection, hepatic arterial embolization or had ICG-R15 >10% between scans were excluded, and 38 patients were finally included in the analysis...

OBJECTIVES: Current guidelines recommend transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) following an ischemic stroke as the primary technique to identify cardiac abnormalities associated with an increased risk of cerebral embolism. It is unclear whether cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), a technique shown to provide increased imaging resolution, may also enhance the cardiac assessment of ischemic stroke patients. We compared cMRI with TTE in the evaluation of LA size and pump function in a cohort of 44 patients with ischemic stroke...

BACKGROUND: Myxoid neurofibromas (NF) are uncommon, benign spindle cell tumors that originate from peripheral nerve sheaths, often posing a diagnostic challenge due to their hypocellularity on cytology specimens. Distinguishing myxoid spindle cell lesions can be challenging, given the broad range of potential differential diagnoses. CASE PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old female with a past medical history of embolized inguinal, flank, and retroperitoneal venolymphatic malformation presented with a left pelvic pain causing significant disability...

BACKGROUND: The early diagnosis of thrombosis and fat embolism is important for subsequent treatment regimens. Spectral computed tomography (CT) virtual non-contrast (VNC) scanning can not only accurately diagnose thrombosis and medium fat embolism but can also reduce the radiation dose and scanning time. However, there is a relative paucity of studies on what contrast concentration and exposure conditions are best for the quality of VNC images. To address this issue, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different exposure conditions and contrast concentrations on the quality of VNC images of low-density substances in spectral CT...

Background  In acute pulmonary embolism (PE), echocardiographic identification of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction will inform prognostication and clinical decision-making. Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbolica (RIETE) is the world's largest registry of patients with objectively confirmed PE. The reliability of site-reported RV echocardiographic measurements is unknown. We aimed to validate site-reported key RV echocardiographic measurements in the RIETE registry. Methods  Fifty-one randomly chosen patients in RIETE who had transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) performed for acute PE were included...

Objectives: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease, necessitating risk stratification to determine management. A right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle (LV) diameter ratio ≥1.0 on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) suggests RV strain, which may indicate a worse prognosis. Two prior studies showed that residents with brief training by a radiologist could accurately measure RV/LV ratio. We assessed whether medical students could accurately measure RV dilatation. Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of a retrospective cohort study of adults undergoing management for acute PE at 21 community emergency departments across Kaiser Permanente Northern California from 2013 to 2015...

Sizing of flow diverters (FDs) is a challenging task in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms due to their foreshortening behavior. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference between the sizing results from the AneuGuide™ software and from conventional 2D measurement. Ninety-eight consecutive patients undergoing pipeline embolization device (PED) treatment between October 2018 and April 2023 in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital (Beijing, China) were retrospectively analyzed...

A 55-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma extending into the renal vein/inferior vena cava (status post nephrectomy and inferior vena cava thrombectomy, pT3bN0M0), and perioperative pulmonary bland thromboembolism (resolved with 3-month of anticoagulation), followed by 3.5 years of complete remission, developed new incidental pulmonary arterial filling defects on a surveillance CT examination (asymptomatic, normal d-dimer, no deep vein thrombosis). Despite anticoagulation, the filling defects not only persisted but also demonstrated intense FDG activity on a restaging PET/CT performed 4 months later for new pulmonary oligometastasis...

BACKGROUND: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the accepted therapy for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although recent data suggests that bland transarterial embolization (TAE) is equally effective in intermediate HCC, not much is known about the efficacy in very early and early HCC not amenable for ablation or resection. We aimed to compare the outcome of patients with very early and early HCC treated by drug-eluting beads TACE (DEB-TACE), a specific technique of TACE using DC beads, and TAE using microparticles with a size of 100 µm up to 700 µm...

A comparison of the combination therapy consisting of microwave ablation (MWA) after bland lipiodol-based transarterial embolization (TAE) with MWA alone in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria. Forty-nine patients in the TAE-MWA group (12 women and 37 men; mean age: 63.3 ± 9.6 years) with 55 tumors and 63 patients in the MWA group (18 women and 45 men; mean age: 65.9 ± 10.5 years) with 67 tumors were retrospectively enrolled in this study. For the investigation of treatment protocols based upon both safety and efficacy, patients' cases were analyzed with regard to complications, local tumor progression (LTP), intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS)...

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare disease with a rising incidence. While surgical resection is the only curative option, the disease process is often identified in advanced stages, as this malignancy often remains clinically silent in early development. Only one-third of patients are eligible for resection at the time of diagnosis. For patients who cannot undergo resection, intra-arterial therapies are reasonable palliative treatment options; in rare occasions, these may be bridging therapies, as well...

BACKGROUND: Less than two percent of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) produce serotonin. Serotonin can cause carcinoid syndrome and less commonly carcinoid heart disease (CHD). CHD is associated with increased mortality and requires a more aggressive approach. Here we present a rare case of a serotonin-producing pancreatic NET complicated by CHD at presentation and discuss timing of systemic therapy, liver-directed therapy, and heart failure management. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 36-year-old white man presented with diarrhea, lower extremity edema, and exertional dyspnea...

Soft tissue tumors (STTs) include a range of benign and malignant tumors originating from soft tissues. Transarterial and percutaneous therapies are image-guided and minimally invasive approaches for managing primary and metastatic STTs. The objective of this review is to discuss transarterial and percutaneous therapies by examining the current literature, including indications, patient selection, safety, and effectiveness. Transarterial therapies (e.g., transarterial bland embolization and transarterial chemoembolization) involve the delivery of either embolic or chemotherapeutic particles using a catheter into arteries feeding the tumor, resulting in localized tumor destruction...

Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Locoregional therapies, including transarterial embolization (TAE: bland embolization), chemoembolization (TACE), and radioembolization, have demonstrated survival benefits when treating patients with unresectable HCC. TAE and TACE occlude the tumor's arterial supply, causing hypoxia and nutritional deprivation and ultimately resulting in tumor necrosis. Embolization blocks the aerobic metabolic pathway...

Neuroendocrine tumours commonly metastasise to the liver, particularly those arising from the intestinal tract and pancreas. Whilst surgery offers the only approach with intent to cure, the vast majority of patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases are ineligible. Liver-directed interventional therapies seek to exploit the patho-anatomy of the blood supply of hepatic metastases to deliver therapy to liver deposits. This may involve percutaneous ablation, bland embolization, or the selective infusion of chemotherapeutics, targeted agents or radiolabelled embolic material...

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BACKGROUND/AIM: To evaluate retrospectively whether bland embolization using microspheres is safe and useful for relieving pain in patients with painful malignant musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bland embolization using microspheres was performed for 20 patients (11 women/9 men) with a median age of 69 years (range=40-89 years) who had 22 painful malignant MSK tumors. The maximum tumor diameters were 2.4-13.8 cm (median, 7.5 cm). Pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale...

Renal cyst infections are a serious complication in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Cyst infections are challenging to treat and have a high incidence of complications such as sepsis and death. No guideline or evidence-based strategy for diagnosis or treatment of cyst infection currently exists. This lack of standardized guidance leads to individualized medical decision-making for each individual case, despite the high risk of morbidity and mortality associated with the infection...

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the primary modality for the detection and diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) while the stratification of PE severity remains challenging using angiography. Hence, an automated minimum-cost path (MCP) technique was validated to quantify the subtended lung tissue distal to emboli using CTPA. METHODS: A Swan-Ganz catheter was placed in the pulmonary artery of seven swine (body weight: 42.6±9.6 kg) to produce different PE severities...

We assessed the safety and effectiveness of hepatic transarterial loco-regional therapy (LRT) including chemoembolization (TACE) and radioembolization (TARE) in patients who underwent portal vein embolization (PVE) before major hepatectomy in whom surgery was then contraindicated. Adverse events (AE) were graded according to new SIR Classification of Adverse Events. Tumor response was assessed by RECIST 1.1. Overall (OS) and progression-free survivals (PFS) were estimated. Fifteen patients had 37 transarterial LRT (25 TACE, 11 TARE, one bland embolization), most (73%) with hepatocellular carcinoma...