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REVIEW
Annemijn D I Maan, Prateek Sharma, Arjun D Koch
The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has been increasing rapidly in the Western world. A well-known risk factor for developing this type of tumour is reflux disease, which can cause metaplasia from the squamous cell mucosa to columnar epithelium (Barrett's Oesophagus) which can progress to dysplasia and eventually adenocarcinoma. With the rise of the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, research on the best way to manage this disease is of great importance and has changed treatment modalities over the last decades...
February 2024: Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher J Byrne, Paul Brennan, James Carberry, James Cotton, John F Dillon
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several characteristics are known to affect the risk of Barrett's oesophagus (BO) in the general population, with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) being a critical risk factor. In this study, we examined factors that influence BO development in people living with GORD. DESIGN: People living with GORD were recruited from an endoscopy unit with lifestyle, medical and prescribing history collected. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to assess the effects of multiple parameters on the likelihood of developing BO...
March 22, 2024: BMJ Open Gastroenterology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Zafran, Rebecca Crook, Alexander Tuck, Atmadeep Banerjee
A mid-60s female with known primary progressive multiple sclerosis was admitted to our hospital with aspiration pneumonia. Due to reduced consciousness, a nasogastric (NG) tube was inserted for feeding. A chest x-ray (CXR) report from a thoracic radiologist confirmed an atypical tip position due to a hiatus hernia but concluded it was almost certainly within the stomach. However, after deteriorating on feed commencement, a CT scan of the chest confirmed the tube had perforated the nasopharynx and run parallel to the oesophagus through the mediastinum into the right pleural space...
March 21, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Mohd Kasim, Sara Hussain, Maryam Abdulrahman Alsharhan, Firas Jaafar Kareem Al-Najjar
Oesophageal carcinoma is a globally prevalent form of cancer. Patients with advanced disease often experience progressive dysphagia and weight loss as initial symptoms, but pericarditis is an uncommon presentation. This study describes a young man who presented with pericarditis and was diagnosed with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The patient's diagnosis came after presenting with intermittent chest pain. His diagnostic tests included an ECG showing ST elevation, echocardiography showing pericardial effusion and elevated inflammatory markers...
March 19, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roman Pavlov, Miroslav Belbl, Jan Kreček, Daniel Palouš, Theodor Adla, David Kachlík, Adam Whitley
INTRODUCTION: The inferior phrenic artery is a paired artery with a variable origin and course, primarily supplying the diaphragm, but also the suprarenal glands, inferior vena cava, stomach, and oesophagus. The aim of this study is to investigate the origin and course of the inferior phrenic arteries on multidetector computed tomography and angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anatomy of the inferior phrenic artery was analysed on 2449 multidetector computed tomography scans...
March 13, 2024: Annals of Anatomy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Jane Neilson, Rebecca C Fitzgerald, Jennifer Deane, Irene Debiram-Beecham, Halime Gulle, Colin Rees, Linda Sharp
OBJECTIVE: Cytosponge is a novel technology for oesophageal pathology diagnosis. Uses include diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus and as a triage tool to prioritise upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patient experience is a key component of quality care. Previous work has developed endoscopy patient-reported experience measures. An appropriate tool to measure patient experience of Cytosponge is required. The aim of this work was to describe the patient experience of Cytosponge. DESIGN/METHOD: Individuals aged 18 years or over, who had undergone Cytosponge from September 2020 to March 2021, were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview...
January 2024: Frontline Gastroenterology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth Ratcliffe, James Britton, Harika Yalamanchili, Izabela Rostami, Syed Mujtaba Hasnain Nadir, Mohamed Korani, Ikedichukwu Eruchie, Muhammad Awais Wazirdin, Neeraj Prasad, Shaheen Hamdy, John McLaughlin, Yeng Ang
OBJECTIVE: Barrett's oesophagus (BO) endoscopic surveillance is performed to varying quality, dedicated services may offer improved outcomes. This study compares a dedicated BO service to standard care, specifically dysplasia detection rate (DDR), guideline adherence and use of advanced imaging modalities in a non-tertiary setting. DESIGN/METHOD: 5-year retrospective comparative cohort study comparing a dedicated BO endoscopy service with surveillance performed on non-dedicated slots at a non-tertiary centre in the UK...
January 2024: Frontline Gastroenterology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca K Grant, William M Brindle, Caitlyn L Taylor, Edward J Rycroft, Oluwadara Oyewole, Sarah C Morgan, Eleanor F Watson, Atul Anand, Norma C McAvoy, Ian D Penman, Nicholas I Church, Kenneth C Trimble, Colin L Noble, John N Plevris, Gail S M Masterton, Rahul Kalla
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of follow-up oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD2) in patients with severe oesophagitis (Los Angeles grades C or D) through evaluating the yield of Barrett's oesophagus (BO), cancer, dysplasia and strictures. Second, we aimed to determine if the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) may be used to identify patients to undergo OGD2s. DESIGN/METHOD: Patients in NHS Lothian with an index OGD (OGD1) diagnosis of severe oesophagitis between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015 were identified...
March 2024: Frontline Gastroenterology
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qin Huang, Edward Lew, Yuqing Cheng, Kevin Huang, Vikram Deshpande, Shweta Shinagare, Xin Yuan, Jason S Gold, Daniel Wiener, H Christian Weber
Oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGA) includes oesophageal (EA), gastro-oesophageal junctional (GEJA), and gastric (GA) adenocarcinomas. The prognostic values of clinicopathological factors in these tumours remain obscure, especially for GEJA that has been inconsistently classified and staged. We studied the prognosis of EGA patients among the three geographic groups in 347 consecutive patients with a median age of 70 years (range 47-94). All patients were male, and 97.1% were white. Based on tumour epicentre location, EGAs were sub-grouped into EA (over 2 cm above the GEJ; n=3, 18...
February 27, 2024: Pathology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen J Taylor, Danielle Milne, Zeino Zeino, Leonard Griffiths, Rowan Clemente, Frances Greer-Rogers, Jules Brown
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Most of the 11.5 million feeding tubes placed annually in Europe and the USA are placed 'blind'. This carries a 1.6% risk that these tubes will enter the lung and 0.5% cause pneumothorax or pneumonia regardless of whether misplacement is identified prior to feeding. Tube placement by direct vision may reduce the risk of respiratory or oesophageal misplacement. This study externally validated whether an 'operator guide' would enable novice operators to differentiate the respiratory and alimentary tracts...
April 2024: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edward Wiltshire, Manuel Castro de Moura, David Piñeyro, Ricky S Joshi
BACKGROUND: Protein Phosphatase Enzymes (PPE) and protein kinases simultaneously control phosphorylation mechanisms that tightly regulate intracellular signalling pathways and stimulate cellular responses. In human malignancies, PPE and protein kinases are frequently mutated resulting in uncontrolled kinase activity and PPE suppression, leading to cell proliferation, migration and resistance to anti-cancer therapies. Cancer associated DNA hypermethylation at PPE promoters gives rise to transcriptional silencing (epimutations) and is a hallmark of cancer...
March 12, 2024: Human Genomics
#32
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Maud Robert, Tigran Poghosyan, Delphine Maucort-Boulch, Alexandre Filippello, Robert Caiazzo, Adrien Sterkers, Lita Khamphommala, Fabian Reche, Vincent Malherbe, Adriana Torcivia, Toufic Saber, Dominique Delaunay, Carole Langlois-Jacques, Augustin Suffisseau, Sylvie Bin, Emmanuel Disse, François Pattou
BACKGROUND: The multicentre randomised trial YOMEGA (NCT02139813) comparing the one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) confirmed the non-inferiority of OAGB on weight loss outcomes at 24 months. We aimed to report weight loss, metabolic, and safety outcomes at 5 years. METHODS: YOMEGA is a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial conducted at nine centres in France. Inclusion criteria were BMI of 40 kg/m2 or more, or 35 kg/m2 or more with comorbidities...
April 2024: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Wannhoff, Karel Caca
Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of oesophageal cancer and its precursor lesions. Besides this, endoscopy treatment of these precursor lesions and early oesophageal cancer has been well evaluated and established. This includes dysplastic lesions associated with Barrett's oesophagus and early adenocarcinoma, as well as early squamous cell cancer of the oesophagus. The role of endoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of these lesions is summarised.
March 6, 2024: Zentralblatt Für Chirurgie
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Giusti, Carmen Martos, Manola Bettio, Raquel Negrão Carvalho, Manuel Zorzi, Stefano Guzzinati, Massimo Rugge
BACKGROUND: Gastric and oesophageal cancers pose a serious public health concern. In 2020 a total of 189,031 incident cases (136,038 stomach, 52,993 oesophagus) and 142,508 deaths (96,997 stomach, 45,511 oesophagus) were estimated in Europe. Oesophago-gastric cancers are a heterogeneous disease, with different aetiology and epidemiology for the various topographic subsites and main histopathological types. Topography subsite and morphology is key information to allow differentiating oesophago-gastric cancers...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
#35
MULTICENTER STUDY
Xi Jiang, Jun Pan, Qing Xu, Yu-Hu Song, Huan-Huan Sun, Cheng Peng, Xiao-Long Qi, Yang-Yang Qian, Wen-Bin Zou, Yang Yang, Shao-Qin Jin, Ben-Song Duan, Shan Wu, Ye Chu, Ding-Hua Xiao, Li-Juan Hu, Jun-Zhi Cao, Jin-Feng Dai, Xiao Liu, Tian Xia, Wei Zhou, Tao Chen, Chun-Hua Zhou, Wei Wu, Shao-Jun Liu, Zhen-Yu Yang, Fen Wang, Lu Zhang, Cheng-Zhong Li, Hao Xu, Jun-Xue Wang, Bo Wei, Yong Lin, Xing Deng, Li-Hong Qu, Ying-Qiu Shen, Hui Wang, Yi-Fei Huang, Hai-Biao Bao, Shuo Zhang, Li Li, Yi-Hai Shi, Xiao-Yan Wang, Duo-Wu Zou, Xin-Jian Wan, Mei-Dong Xu, Hua Mao, Chao-Hui He, Zhen Li, Xiu-Li Zuo, Shui-Xiang He, Xiao-Ping Xie, Jun Liu, Chang-Qing Yang, Cristiano Spada, Zhao-Shen Li, Zhuan Liao
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and safety of using magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string (ds-MCE) for detecting and grading oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis. DESIGN: Prospective multicentre diagnostic accuracy study. SETTING: 14 medical centres in China. PARTICIPANTS: 607 adults (>18 years) with cirrhosis recruited between 7 January 2021 and 25 August 2022...
March 5, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manoj Kumar, Shantan Venishetty, Ankur Jindal, Chhagan Bihari, Rakhi Maiwall, Rajan Vijayaraghavan, Shasthry Saggere Muralikrishna, Vinod Arora, Guresh Kumar, Shiv K Sarin
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class B and C cirrhosis with upper GI bleeding (UGIB) have systemic as well as localized (in the mucosa of oesophagus and stomach) fibrinolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in treatment of acute UGIB in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 600 patients with advanced liver cirrhosis (CTP class B or C) presenting with UGIB were randomly allocated to either tranexamic acid (n=300) or placebo group (n=300)...
March 5, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanjay Kumar Pandey, Ankit Prajapati
This study discusses non-steady effects encountered in peristaltic flows in oesophagus. The purpose of this communication is to evolve a mechanism to diagnose tumor in an oesophagus mathematically. The tumor is modelled by generic bump function of certain height and width. The method of solution follows long wavelength and low-Reynolds number approximations for unsteady flow, while integrations have been performed numerically in order to plot graphs, which reveal various characteristics of the flow. The goal is to assess how pressure varies across the tumor's width...
March 2, 2024: Journal of Mathematical Biology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanlin Sun, Donghui Cao, Yang Zhang, Yanhua Wu, Zhifang Jia, Yingnan Cui, Dongming Li, Xueyuan Cao, Jing Jiang
BACKGROUND: The roles of serum lipids on digestive system cancer (DSC) risk were still inconclusive. In this study, we systematically assessed indicative effects of signature lipidomic biomarkers (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)) on DSC (oesophagus, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas cancers) risk. METHODS: HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG concentration measurements were respectively analyzed with enzyme immunoinhibition, enzymatic selective protection, and GPO-POD methods in AU5800 supplied from Beckman Coulter...
February 28, 2024: Lipids in Health and Disease
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maohui Chen, Yizhou Huang, Shuliang Zhang, Yixiong Zheng, Taidui Zeng, Chun Chen, Bin Zheng
INTRODUCTION: Oesophageal cancer (OC) has higher morbidity and mortality rate than most other malignancies. The standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is concurrent chemoradiotherapy, with tumour regression observed in a proportion of patients after treatment, but prognostic improvement remains limited. Immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy (CT) has been shown to be efficacious as the first-line treatment of advanced OC and neoadjuvant therapy...
February 28, 2024: BMJ Open
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jens Hoeppner
Nowadays, it is only relatively rare and in selected situations that colonic interposition is chosen rather than the stomach as a reconstructive organ for replacing the oesophagus. The colon is a reliable organ for tubular replacement of the oesophagus when the stomach is not available for reconstruction. Colon interposition is a complex and complicated operation. It requires a specific indication and thorough preoperative preparation. From a technical point of view, colon interposition places high demands on the selection and surgical dissection of the vascular supply to the reconstructed organ...
February 28, 2024: Zentralblatt Für Chirurgie
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