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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madeline Adelman, Isaac Weber
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 5, 2024: JMIR dermatology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Donal Bisanzio, Robert Butcher, Valérian Turbé, Kenji Matsumoto, Chaitra Dinesh, Patrick Massae, Michael Dejene, Cristina Jimenez, Colin Macleod, Einoti Matayan, Caleb Mpyet, Alex Pavluck, Martha Idalí Saboyá-Díaz, Fentahun Tadesse, Sandra Liliana Talero, Anthony W Solomon, Jeremiah Ngondi, George Kabona, Cecilia Uisso, Alistidia Simon, Upendo Mwingira, Emma M Harding-Esch
BACKGROUND: Photography could be used to train individuals to diagnose trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) as trachoma prevalence decreases and to ensure accurate field TF grading in trachoma prevalence surveys. We compared photograph and field TF grading and determined the acceptability and feasibility of eyelid photography to community members and trachoma survey trainers. METHODS: A total of 100 children ages 1-9 y were examined for TF in two Maasai villages in Tanzania...
December 23, 2023: International Health
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine Tedijanto, Solomon Aragie, Sarah Gwyn, Dionna M Wittberg, Taye Zeru, Zerihun Tadesse, Ambahun Chernet, Isabel J B Thompson, Scott D Nash, Thomas M Lietman, Diana L Martin, Jeremy D Keenan, Benjamin F Arnold
Monitoring trachoma transmission with antibody data requires characterization of decay in IgG to Chlamydia trachomatis antigens. In a three-year longitudinal cohort in a high transmission setting, we estimated a median IgG half-life of 3 years and a seroreversion rate of 2.5 (95% CI: 1.6, 3.5) per 100 person-years.
December 22, 2023: Journal of Infectious Diseases
#24
REVIEW
Carla Enrica Gallenga, Martina Maritati, Marco Del Boccio, Rossella D'Aloisio, Pio Conti, Marco Mura, Carlo Contini, Pier Enrico Gallenga
The biological history of Chlamydia trachomatis is intertwined with the evolution of the man. Infecting Elemental Bodies (EBs), having penetrated mucosal epithelial cells, wrap themselves in a cloak (ĸλαμις) of glycogen that ensures their obligatory intracellular survival and protects this differentiation into Reticulate Bodies (RBs) that feed on cellular ATP. Multiple chemokines and cytokines are involved under the direction of IL-6 in the florid phase and IL-17A in the scar phase...
December 4, 2023: Pathogens
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dawit Getachew, Fekede Woldekidan, Gizachew Ayele, Yordanos Bekele, Samrawit Sleshi, Eyob Tekalgn, Teshale Worku, Mengistu Ayenew, Biruk Bogale, Abyot Asres
BACKGROUND: Active trachoma is a highly contagious ongoing stage of trachoma that predominantly occurs during childhood in an endemic area. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with active trachoma among school-aged children. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was done from March 1st to June 30th, 2021, in Southwest Ethiopia's people's regional state. A total of 1292 school-aged children were surveyed...
December 15, 2023: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma M Harding-Esch, Clara R Burgert-Brucker, Cristina Jimenez, Ana Bakhtiari, Rebecca Willis, Michael Dejene Bejiga, Caleb Mpyet, Jeremiah Ngondi, Sarah Boyd, Mariamo Abdala, Amza Abdou, Yilikal Adamu, Addisu Alemayehu, Wondu Alemayehu, Tawfik Al-Khatib, Sue-Chen Apadinuwe, Naomie Awaca, Marcel S Awoussi, Gilbert Baayendag, Mouctar Dieng Badiane, Robin L Bailey, Wilfrid Batcho, Zulficar Bay, Assumpta Bella, Nassirou Beido, Yak Yak Bol, Clarisse Bougouma, Christopher J Brady, Victor Bucumi, Robert Butcher, Risiate Cakacaka, Anaseini Cama, Mamoudou Camara, Eunice Cassama, Shorai Grace Chaora, Amel Chenaoui Chebbi, Alvin Blessings Chisambi, Brian Chu, Abdulai Conteh, Sidi Mohamed Coulibaly, Paul Courtright, Abdi Dalmar, Tran Minh Dat, Thully Davids, Mohamed El Amine Djaker, Maria de Fátima Costa Lopes, Djore Dézoumbé, Sarity Dodson, Philip Downs, Stephanie Eckman, Bilghis Elkhair Elshafie, Mourad Elmezoghi, Ange Aba Elvis, Paul Emerson, Emilienne Ee Epée, Daniel Faktaufon, Mawo Fall, Aréty Fassinou, Fiona Fleming, Rebecca Flueckiger, Koizan Kadjo Gamael, Mackline Garae, Jambi Garap, Katie Gass, Genet Gebru, Michael M Gichangi, Emanuele Giorgi, André Goépogui, Daniela Vaz Ferreira Gómez, Diana Paola Gómez Forero, Emily W Gower, Anna Harte, Rob Henry, Harvy Alberto Honorio-Morales, Dunera R Ilako, Amadou Alfa Bio Issifou, Ellen Jones, George Kabona, Martin Kabore, Boubacar Kadri, Khumbo Kalua, Sarjo Kebba Kanyi, Shambel Kebede, Fikreab Kebede, Jeremy D Keenan, Amir B Kello, Asad Aslam Khan, Houria Khelifi, Janvier Kilangalanga, Sung Hye Kim, Robert Ko, Susan Lewallen, Thomas Lietman, Makoy Samuel Yibi Logora, Yuri A Lopez, Chad MacArthur, Colin Macleod, Felix Makangila, Brehima Mariko, Diana L Martin, Michael Masika, Patrick Massae, Marilia Massangaie, Hadley S Matendechero, Tsedeke Mathewos, Siobhain McCullagh, Aboulaye Meite, Elsa Palma Mendes, Hirpa M Abdi, Hollman Miller, Abdellahi Minnih, Sailesh Kumar Mishra, Tuduetso Molefi, Aryc Mosher, Nerkoua M'Po, Francis Mugume, Robson Mukwiza, Consity Mwale, Stephen Mwatha, Upendo Mwingira, Scott D Nash, Christophe Nassa, Nebiyu Negussu, Cece Nieba, Jean Claude Noah Noah, Christian O Nwosu, Nicholas Olobio, Rapheal Opon, Alexandre Pavluck, Isaac Phiri, Merelesita Rainima-Qaniuci, Kristen K Renneker, Martha Idalí Saboyá-Díaz, Fatoumata Sakho, Salimato Sanha, Virginia Sarah, Boubacar Sarr, Celia L Szwarcwald, Ahmad Shah Salam, Shekhar Sharma, Fikre Seife, Gloria Marina Serrano Chavez, Mactar Sissoko, Henis Mior Sitoe, Oliver Sokana, Fentahun Tadesse, Fasiah Taleo, Sandra Liliana Talero, Youcef Tarfani, Amsayaw Tefera, Rabebe Tekeraoi, Andeberhan Tesfazion, Abubaker Traina, Lamine Traoré, Julián Trujillo-Trujillo, Edridah M Tukahebwa, Praveen Vashist, Ernest B Wanyama, Supriya D P Warusavithana, Titus K Watitu, Sheila West, Ye Win, Geordie Woods, Aya Yajima, Georges Yaya, Alem Zecarias, Solomon Zewengiel, Akoi Zoumanigui, Pamela J Hooper, Tom Millar, Lisa Rotondo, Anthony W Solomon
PURPOSE: Population-based prevalence surveys are essential for decision-making on interventions to achieve trachoma elimination as a public health problem. This paper outlines the methodologies of Tropical Data, which supports work to undertake those surveys. METHODS: Tropical Data is a consortium of partners that supports health ministries worldwide to conduct globally standardised prevalence surveys that conform to World Health Organization recommendations. Founding principles are health ministry ownership, partnership and collaboration, and quality assurance and quality control at every step of the survey process...
December 2023: Ophthalmic Epidemiology
#27
EDITORIAL
Tawfik Al-Khatib, Assumpta Lucienne Bella, Martha Idalí Saboyá-Díaz, Anthony W Solomon
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 2023: Ophthalmic Epidemiology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Milad, Fares Antaki, Marie-Claude Robert, Renaud Duval
PURPOSE: Automated machine learning (AutoML) allows clinicians without coding experience to build their own deep learning (DL) models. This study assesses the performance of AutoML in diagnosing trachoma from field-collected conjunctival images and compares it to expert-designed DL models. METHODS: Two ophthalmology trainees without coding experience carried out AutoML model design using a publicly available image data set of field-collected conjunctival images (1656 labeled images)...
2023: Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology: Official Journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kareen Atekem, Emma M Harding-Esch, Diana L Martin, Philip Downs, Stephanie L Palmer, Achille Kaboré, Michaela Kelly, Anoma Bovary, Astou Sarr, Konan Nguessan, Fiona James, Sarah Gwyn, Karana Wickens, Ana Bakhtiari, Sarah Boyd, Ange Aba, Laura Senyonjo, Paul Courtright, Aboulaye Meite
Baseline trachoma surveys in Côte d'Ivoire (2019) identified seven evaluation units (EUs) with a trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence ≥10%, but a trachomatous trichiasis (TT) prevalence in individuals ≥15 y of age below the elimination threshold (0.2%). Two of these EUs, Bondoukou 1 and Bangolo 2, were selected for a follow-up survey to understand the epidemiology of trachoma using additional indicators of Chlamydia trachomatis infection (DNA from conjunctival swabs) and exposure (anti-Pgp3 and Ct694 antibodies from dried blood spots [DBSs])...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristin M Sullivan, Emma M Harding-Esch, Wilfrid E Batcho, Amadou A Bio Issifou, Maria de Fátima Costa Lopes, Celia Landmann Szwarcwald, Daniela Vaz Ferreira Gomez, Clarisse Bougouma, Nassa Christophe, Martin Kabore, Victor Bucumi, Assumpta L Bella, Emilienne Epee, Georges Yaya, Julian Trujillo-Trujillo, Michael Dejene, Fikre Seife Gebretsadik, Genet Gebru, Fikreab Kebede, Tsedeke Mathewos, Eunice Texiera de Silva Cassama, Salimato Sanha, Ernest Barasa, Hadley Matendechero Sultani, Titus Watitu, Rabebe Tekeraoi, Khumbo M Kalua, Michael P Masika, Lamine Traoré, Abdallahi O Minnih, Mariamo Abdala, Marília E Massangaie, Ye Win, Sue-Chen Apadinuwe, Sailesh Kumar Mishra, Shekhar Sharma, Abdou Amza, Boubacar Kadri, Beido Nassirou, Caleb D Mpyet, Nicholas Olobio, Arif Hussain, Asad Aslam Khan, Garap Jambi, Robert Ko, Amir B Kello, Mouctar D Badiane, Boubacar Sarr, Abdi Dalmar, Balgesa E Elshafie, George E Kabona, Oscar Kaitaba, Upendo Mwingira, Alistidia Simon, Sarjo Kanyi, Marcel S Awoussi, Kwamy Togbey, Gilbert Baayenda, Mugume Francis, Edridah M Tukahebwa, Ana Bakhtiari, Alexander P Keil, Joanna Maselko, Daniel Westreich, Mackline Garae, Fasiah Taleo, Tawfik Q Al-Khateeb, Consity Mwale, Anthony W Solomon, Emily W Gower
BACKGROUND: Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is a painful, potentially blinding eye condition that can be managed through epilation or surgery. Women are affected by TT approximately twice as often as men and are believed to face gendered barriers to receiving surgical care to prevent vision loss. METHODS: We used data from 817 cross-sectional surveys conducted during 2015-2019 in 20 African countries to estimate the prevalence difference (PD) between female and male eyes for four outcomes potentially indicating gender-related differences in TT management: (1) received surgery and developed postoperative TT (PTT), (2) never offered surgery, (3) offered surgery but declined it, and (4) offered epilation but never offered surgery...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naomi Caplan, Bharat C Sanka, Asmro Mulat, Dorin Turgeman Brener, Sarit Baum, Azeb Seifu, Nisan Z Kesete, Michal Bruck, Leah G Wohlgemuth, Melaku M Debela, Reut Barak Weekes, Galia Sabar, Zvi Bentwich, Rachel Golan
BACKGROUND: Ethiopia alone carries 49% of the global burden of trachoma, associated with a lack of safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and poor health practices. The aim of this study was to examine whether gamification among schoolchildren and promotion of local ownership of school WASH is associated with healthy behaviors and WASH infrastructure improvements. METHODS: Application of the Accelerate gamification intervention for elimination of trachoma, with an emphasis on gamification among schoolchildren and community involvement in motivating face-washing, handwashing and functional use of latrines, was undertaken...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Getachew Gebreselassie, Kasahun Negash, Sentayehu Tsegaye, Misrak Makonnen, Baye Deneke, Muluken Desalegn, Emma M Harding-Esch, Anna Harte, Anthony W Solomon, Sarah Boyd, Ana Bakhtiari, Mussie Abdosh Hassen, Abdulahi Hambali, Michael Dejene, Colin Beckwith, Fentahun Tadesse, Fikre Seifu, Genet Kiflu, Fikreab Kebede
BACKGROUND: Following interventions to eliminate trachoma in Somali region, Ethiopia, we aimed to re-estimate the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) at woreda level and identify the factors associated with the disease. METHODS: We implemented cross-sectional community-based surveys in 50 trachoma-endemic woredas, using a standardized survey. Households were the secondary sampling unit. Surveys were undertaken through a combination of interviews of household heads and direct inspection of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) access, plus clinical evaluation of eligible household members for TT and TF...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yassin Nayel, Beatriz E Muñoz, Harran Mkocha, Sheila K West, Meraf A Wolle
BACKGROUND: The purpose was to assess an expansion of a previously published photographic four-step severity grading scale for trachomatous scarring (TS). METHODS: Images of everted eyelids of adult women in Tanzania were graded for the presence and severity of TS. The previous S3 grade was subdivided into two categories: S3A, one-third to <50% of the upper eyelid conjunctiva scarred; and S3B, 50% to <90%. The reliability and ease of use were evaluated. This new categorisation was then applied to images taken of the same women 5 y prior to evaluate whether it could help detect previously undetected progression...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teyil Wamyil-Mshelia, Suzie Madaki, Sunday Isiyaku, Joy Shu'aibu, Nicholas P Olobio, Attahiru A Aliero, Muhammad Abdulsalam, Joshua Taiwo, Victor J McDickoh
BACKGROUND: The WHO recommends mass drug administration (MDA) as a strategy to deliver safe and cost-effective medicines to prevent and treat diseases. The antibiotic, azithromycin, has been used during MDA for the treatment and prevention of trachoma in Nigeria. Azithromycin has recently been shown to reduce infant mortality in communities receiving it for trachoma-elimination purposes in sub-Saharan Africa. This article reports on the implementation strategies for the safety and antimicrobial resistance of mass administration of azithromycin to children aged 1-11 mo using the trachoma programme platform in Kebbi state...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ugochi T Aguwa, Harran Mkocha, Beatriz Munoz, Meraf A Wolle, Christopher J Brady, Sheila K West
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing demand for photography for trachoma prevalence surveys. In previous studies, digital single lens reflex (DSLR) images were superior to smartphone images, but newer-model smartphones and/or lens attachments may be able to bridge this gap. This study compares the image quality and ability to detect trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) of three camera types: a DSLR Nikon camera, an iPhone SE and an iPhone 13 Pro with a cell scope. METHODS: We surveyed 62 children ages 1-7 y from two Tanzanian communities...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace Mwangi, Emma Harding-Esch, George Kabona, Titus Watitu, Caleb Mpyet, Alemu Gemechu, Alemayehu Abdeta, Teyil Wamyil-Mshelia, Grace Ajege, Michaela Kelly, Maurice Abony, Peter Otinda, Moses Chege, Paul Courtright, Robert Geneau
BACKGROUND: We explored reasons for continuing higher-than-anticipated prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in population-based prevalence surveys in evaluation units where full geographical coverage of TT case finding was reported. METHODS: A mixed-methods study in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and Tanzania was conducted. We compared data from clinical examination, campaign documentation and interviews with original trachoma impact survey (TIS) results...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Bartlett, Babacar Ngom, Nicholas Olobio, Mouctar Dieng Badiane, Godwin Tarboh, Aliou Diagne, Christian Nwosu
Trachoma is a disease of the eye and the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Years of repeated infections can cause in-turning of the lashes so that they rub against the eyeball, causing pain, discomfort and, if left untreated, blindness. This is known as trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and can be remedied by surgery. To improve oversight and reporting of TT outreach, Sightsavers developed a mobile phone application called the TT Tracker so that TT surgeons, assistants and supervisors can collect and analyse information about surgical outcomes and performance and determine when and where follow-up appointments are required...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caleb Mpyet, Kareen Ateken, Michael Dejene, Michaela Kelly, Grace Mwangi, Elena Schmidt
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 4, 2023: International Health
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael K Kamuyu, Michaela Kelly, Stephanie Somerville
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends house-to-house case searches as an option to evidence whether the elimination of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) has been reached. We sought to determine the number of trachoma-endemic countries and districts that will require either documented full geographic coverage (DFGC) or TT-only surveys. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Trachoma Atlas to identify evaluation units (EUs) that require house-to-house case searches or TT-only surveys to demonstrate achievement of the elimination of TT...
December 4, 2023: International Health
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gilbert Baayenda, Raphael Opon, Titus Waititu, George Kabona
Trachoma, a disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, is the leading infectious cause of blindness. To fight it, endemic East African countries adopted the World Health Organization's SAFE Strategy, targeting surgery, antibiotics through mass drug administration (MDA), facial cleanliness and environmental improvement. Trachoma persists among nomadic communities along the Kenya-Uganda and Kenya-Tanzania borders. To address this, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda launched synchronized MDA campaigns, simultaneously treating populations across borders...
December 4, 2023: International Health
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