keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534387/all-but-small-mirnas-from-wharton-s-jelly-mesenchymal-stromal-cell-small-extracellular-vesicles-rescue-premature-white-matter-injury-after-intranasal-administration
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vera Tscherrig, Marel Steinfort, Valérie Haesler, Daniel Surbek, Andreina Schoeberlein, Marianne Simone Joerger-Messerli
White matter injury (WMI) is a common neurological issue in premature-born neonates, often causing long-term disabilities. We recently demonstrated a key beneficial role of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (WJ-MSC-sEVs) microRNAs (miRNAs) in WMI-related processes in vitro. Here, we studied the functions of WJ-MSC-sEV miRNAs in vivo using a preclinical rat model of premature WMI. Premature WMI was induced in rat pups through inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia. Small EVs were purified from the culture supernatant of human WJ-MSCs...
March 19, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528957/a-recognition-of-exosomes-as-regulators-of-epigenetic-mechanisms-in-central-nervous-system-diseases
#2
REVIEW
Shunxin Hu, Lei Feng, Zhonghong Yang, Xuechen Fan, Haozheng Gao, Tiancai Yang
Exosomes, vesicular structures originating from cells, participate in the conveyance of proteins and nucleic acids. Presently, the centrality of epigenetic modifications in neurological disorders is widely acknowledged. Exosomes exert influence over various epigenetic phenomena, thereby modulating post-transcriptional regulatory processes contingent upon their constituent makeup. Consequently, the heightened attention directed toward exosomes as instigators of epigenetic alterations has burgeoned in recent years...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528182/regulation-of-zbp1-by-mir-99b-5p-in-microglia-controls-the-development-of-schizophrenia-like-symptoms-in-mice
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lalit Kaurani, Md Rezaul Islam, Urs Heilbronner, Dennis M Krüger, Jiayin Zhou, Aditi Methi, Judith Strauss, Ranjit Pradhan, Sophie Schröder, Susanne Burkhardt, Anna-Lena Schuetz, Tonatiuh Pena, Lena Erlebach, Anika Bühler, Monika Budde, Fanny Senner, Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour, Eva C Schulte, Max Schmauß, Eva Z Reininghaus, Georg Juckel, Deborah Kronenberg-Versteeg, Ivana Delalle, Francesca Odoardi, Alexander Flügel, Thomas G Schulze, Peter Falkai, Farahnaz Sananbenesi, Andre Fischer
Current approaches to the treatment of schizophrenia have mainly focused on the protein-coding part of the genome; in this context, the roles of microRNAs have received less attention. In the present study, we analyze the microRNAome in the blood and postmortem brains of schizophrenia patients, showing that the expression of miR-99b-5p is downregulated in both the prefrontal cortex and blood of patients. Lowering the amount of miR-99b-5p in mice leads to both schizophrenia-like phenotypes and inflammatory processes that are linked to synaptic pruning in microglia...
March 25, 2024: EMBO Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527567/shikonin-attenuates-cerebral-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-via-inhibiting-nod2-rip2-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-mediated-microglia-polarization-and-neuroinflammation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya Yang, Yuxiang Fei, Xuejiao Xu, Jun Yao, Jianing Wang, Chao Liu, Haiyan Ding
OBJECTIVES: Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of multiple neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke, which still lacks effective therapeutic agents. Shikonin possesses anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, its underlying mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate whether Shikonin confers protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by modulating microglial polarization and elucidate the associated mechanisms...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527407/galectin-9-and-tim-3-are-upregulated-in-response-to-microglial-activation-induced-by-the-peptide-amyloid-%C3%AE-25-35
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eleazar Ramírez Hernández, Luis Fernando Hernández Zimbrón, Emmanuel Segura Pérez, José Luis Sánchez Salgado, Mohamed Ali Pereyra Morales, Edgar Zenteno
Galectins are a group of β-galactoside-binding lectins associated with regulating immunological response. In the brains of AD patients and 5xFAD (familial AD) mice, galectin-3 (Gal-3) was highly upregulated and found to be expressed in microglia associated with Aβ plaques. However, the participation of other galectins, specifically galectin-9 (Gal-9) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) receptors, are unknown in the inflammatory response. The experimental model of the Aβ25 - 35 peptide will allow us to study the mechanisms of neuroinflammation and describe the changes in the expression of the Gal-9 and Tim-3 receptor...
March 21, 2024: Neuropeptides
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521211/sex-matters-the-mousex-dw-allen-atlas-for-mice-diffusion-weighted-mr-imaging
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia Martínez-Tazo, Alexandra Santos, Mohamed Kotb Selim, Elena Espinós-Soler, Silvia De Santis
Overcoming sex bias in preclinical research requires not only including animals of both sexes in the experiments, but also developing proper tools to handle such data. Recent work revealed sensitivity of diffusion-weighted MRI to glia morphological changes in response to inflammatory stimuli, opening up exciting possibilities to characterize inflammation in a variety of preclinical models of pathologies, the great majority of them available in mice. However, there are limited resources dedicated to mouse imaging, like those required for the data processing and analysis...
March 21, 2024: NeuroImage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519640/genetic-contribution-to-microglial-activation-in-schizophrenia
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marja Koskuvi, Elina Pörsti, Tristen Hewitt, Noora Räsänen, Ying-Chieh Wu, Kalevi Trontti, Amanda McQuade, Shringaa Kalyanaraman, Ilkka Ojansuu, Olli Vaurio, Tyrone D Cannon, Jouko Lönnqvist, Sebastian Therman, Jaana Suvisaari, Jaakko Kaprio, Mathew Blurton-Jones, Iiris Hovatta, Markku Lähteenvuo, Taisia Rolova, Šárka Lehtonen, Jari Tiihonen, Jari Koistinaho
Several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Microglia are brain resident immune cells responding toward invading pathogens and injury-related products, and additionally, have a critical role in improving neurogenesis and synaptic functions. Aberrant activation of microglia in SCZ is one of the leading hypotheses for disease pathogenesis, but due to the lack of proper human cell models, the role of microglia in SCZ is not well studied...
March 22, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519181/prebiotics-modulate-the-microbiota-gut-brain-axis-and-ameliorate-anxiety-and-depression-like-behavior-in-hfd-fed-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Igor Henrique Rodrigues de Paiva, Laís Macedo Maciel, Rodrigo Soares da Silva, Ingrid Prata Mendonça, José Roberto Botelho de Souza, Christina Alves Peixoto
Previous research has demonstrated that Prebiotics can influence the composition of the gut microbiota, consequently impacting mood regulation. This study aimed to assess the effects of Prebiotics, specifically Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on neuroinflammation, depression, and anxiety-like behavior in a mouse model fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Initially, mice were divided into two groups: a control group on a standard diet (n = 15) and a group on an HFD for 18 weeks (n = 45)...
April 2024: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516845/intracerebral-hemorrhage-induced-brain-injury-in-mice-the-role-of-peroxiredoxin-2-toll-like-receptor-4-inflammatory-axis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Du, Jinjin Wang, Jia Zhang, Ning Li, Guangshuo Li, Xinmin Liu, Yijun Lin, Dandan Wang, Kaijiang Kang, Liheng Bian, Xingquan Zhao
BACKGROUND: Peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2), an intracellular protein that regulates redox reactions, released from red blood cells is involved in inflammatory brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may be crucial in this process. This study investigated the role of the Prx2-TLR4 inflammatory axis in brain injury following experimental ICH in mice. METHODS: First, C57BL/6 mice received an intracaudate injection of autologous arterial blood or saline and their brains were harvested on day 1 to measure Prx2 levels...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516831/activation-of-sting-signaling-aggravates-chronic-alcohol-exposure-induced-cognitive-impairment-by-increasing-neuroinflammation-and-mitochondrial-apoptosis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinrou Lin, Xiangpen Li, Chenguang Li, Hongxuan Wang, Lubin Zou, Jingrui Pan, Xiaoni Zhang, Lei He, Xiaoming Rong, Ying Peng
AIMS: Chronic alcohol exposure leads to persistent neurological disorders, which are mainly attributed to neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is essential in the cytosolic DNA sensing pathway and is involved in inflammation and cellular death processes. This study was to examine the expression pattern and biological functions of STING signaling in alcohol use disorder (AUD). METHODS: Cell-free DNA was extracted from human and mouse plasma...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516757/magnetic-nanoparticles-and-methylprednisolone-based-physico-chemical-bifunctional-neural-stem-cells-delivery-system-for-spinal-cord-injury-repair
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wencan Zhang, Mingshan Liu, Jie Ren, Shuwei Han, Xiaolong Zhou, Dapeng Zhang, Xianzheng Guo, Haiwen Feng, Lei Ye, Shiqing Feng, Xizi Song, Lin Jin, Zhijian Wei
Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is an attractive and promising treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). Various pathological processes including the severe inflammatory cascade and difficulty in stable proliferation and differentiation of NSCs limit its application and translation. Here, a novel physico-chemical bifunctional neural stem cells delivery system containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs and methylprednisolone (MP) is designed to repair SCI, the former regulates NSCs differentiation through magnetic mechanical stimulation in the chronic phase, while the latter alleviates inflammatory response in the acute phase...
March 22, 2024: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515789/glitches-in-the-brain-the-dangerous-relationship-between-radiotherapy-and-brain-fog
#12
REVIEW
Noemi Marino, Martina Bedeschi, Melania Elettra Vaccari, Marco Cambiaghi, Anna Tesei
Up to approximately 70% of cancer survivors report persistent deficits in memory, attention, speed of information processing, multi-tasking, and mental health functioning, a series of symptoms known as "brain fog." The severity and duration of such effects can vary depending on age, cancer type, and treatment regimens. In particular, every year, hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide undergo radiotherapy (RT) for primary brain tumors and brain metastases originating from extracranial tumors. Besides its potential benefits in the control of tumor progression, recent studies indicate that RT reprograms the brain tumor microenvironment inducing increased activation of microglia and astrocytes and a consequent general condition of neuroinflammation that in case it becomes chronic could lead to a cognitive decline...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515755/in-a-novel-autoimmune-and-high-pressure-glaucoma-model-a-complex-immune-response-is-induced
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabrina Reinehr, Julien Wulf, Janine Theile, Kim K Schulte, Marcus Peters, Rudolf Fuchshofer, H Burkhard Dick, Stephanie C Joachim
BACKGROUND: The neurodegenerative processes leading to glaucoma are complex. In addition to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), an involvement of immunological mechanisms is most likely. In the new multifactorial glaucoma model, a combination of high IOP and optic nerve antigen (ONA) immunization leads to an enhanced loss of retinal ganglion cells accompanied by a higher number of microglia/macrophages in the inner retina. Here, we aimed to evaluate the immune response in this new model, especially the complement activation and the number of T-cells, for the first time...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511265/optical-control-of-g-actin-with-a-photoswitchable-latrunculin
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nynke A Vepřek, Madeline H Cooper, Laura Laprell, Emily Jie-Ning Yang, Sander Folkerts, Ruiyang Bao, Malgorzata Boczkowska, Nicholas J Palmer, Roberto Dominguez, Thomas G Oertner, Liza A Pon, J Bradley Zuchero, Dirk H Trauner
Actin is one of the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic cells and is a key component of the cytoskeleton. A range of small molecules has emerged that interfere with actin dynamics by either binding to polymeric F-actin or monomeric G-actin to stabilize or destabilize filaments or prevent their formation and growth, respectively. Among these, the latrunculins, which bind to G-actin and affect polymerization, are widely used as tools to investigate actin-dependent cellular processes. Here, we report a photoswitchable version of latrunculin, termed opto-latrunculin ( OptoLat ), which binds to G-actin in a light-dependent fashion and affords optical control over actin polymerization...
March 21, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509681/assessing-blood-brain-barrier-function-in-the-context-of-pain-management
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farshad Hassanzadeh Kiabi, Saeed Gharooee Ahangar, Siavash Beiranvand
One essential component of the neurovascular system is known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This highly effective biological barrier plays a pivotal role in regulating the brain's internal microenvironment and carefully controlling the passage of various chemicals into and out of the brain. Notably, it serves as a safeguard for the brain, particularly when it comes to the selective transportation of drugs like opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), which are commonly used in the management of chronic pain...
March 20, 2024: Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509062/expression-of-als-pfn1-impairs-vesicular-degradation-in-ipsc-derived-microglia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salome Funes, Jonathan Jung, Del Hayden Gadd, Michelle Mosqueda, Jianjun Zhong, Shankaracharya, Matthew Unger, Karly Stallworth, Debra Cameron, Melissa S Rotunno, Pepper Dawes, Megan Fowler-Magaw, Pamela J Keagle, Justin A McDonough, Sivakumar Boopathy, Miguel Sena-Esteves, Jeffrey A Nickerson, Cathleen Lutz, William C Skarnes, Elaine T Lim, Dorothy P Schafer, Francesca Massi, John E Landers, Daryl A Bosco
Microglia play a pivotal role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, but the mechanisms underlying microglia dysfunction and toxicity remain to be elucidated. To investigate the effect of neurodegenerative disease-linked genes on the intrinsic properties of microglia, we studied microglia-like cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), termed iMGs, harboring mutations in profilin-1 (PFN1) that are causative for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS-PFN1 iMGs exhibited evidence of lipid dysmetabolism, autophagy dysregulation and deficient phagocytosis, a canonical microglia function...
March 20, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506634/the-abca7-v1613m-variant-reduces-a%C3%AE-generation-plaque-load-and-neuronal-damage
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire A Butler, Adrian Mendoza Arvilla, Giedre Milinkeviciute, Celia Da Cunha, Shimako Kawauchi, Narges Rezaie, Heidi Y Liang, Dominic Javonillo, Annie Thach, Shuling Wang, Sherilyn Collins, Amber Walker, Kai-Xuan Shi, Jonathan Neumann, Angela Gomez-Arboledas, Caden M Henningfield, Lindsay A Hohsfield, Mark Mapstone, Andrea J Tenner, Frank M LaFerla, Ali Mortazavi, Grant R MacGregor, Kim N Green
BACKGROUND: Variants in ABCA7, a member of the ABC transporter superfamily, have been associated with increased risk for developing late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). METHODS: CRISPR-Cas9 was used to generate an Abca7V1613M variant in mice, modeling the homologous human ABCA7V1599M variant, and extensive characterization was performed. RESULTS: Abca7V1613M microglia show differential gene expression profiles upon lipopolysaccharide challenge and increased phagocytic capacity...
March 20, 2024: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504666/out-of-the-core-the-impact-of-focal-ischemia-in-regions-beyond-the-penumbra
#18
REVIEW
Ludmila Koukalova, Martina Chmelova, Zuzana Amlerova, Lydia Vargova
The changes in the necrotic core and the penumbra following induction of focal ischemia have been the focus of attention for some time. However, evidence shows, that ischemic injury is not confined to the primarily affected structures and may influence the remote areas as well. Yet many studies fail to probe into the structures beyond the penumbra, and possibly do not even find any significant results due to their short-term design, as secondary damage occurs later. This slower reaction can be perceived as a therapeutic opportunity, in contrast to the ischemic core defined as irreversibly damaged tissue, where the window for salvation is comparatively short...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504518/socs3-regulates-pathological-retinal-angiogenesis-through-modulating-spp1-expression-in-microglia-and-macrophages
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianxi Wang, Satoshi Kaneko, Emil Kriukov, David Alvarez, Enton Lam, Yidi Wang, Sara La Manna, Daniela Marasco, Angeles Fernandez-Gonzalez, S Alex Mitsialis, Stella Kourembanas, Andreas Stahl, Mei Chen, Heping Xu, Petr Baranov, Guoshuai Cai, Ulrich H von Andrian, Ye Sun
Pathological ocular angiogenesis has long been associated with myeloid cell activation. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the intricate crosstalk between the immune system and vascular changes during ocular neovascularization formation remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that the absence of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in myeloid cells led to a substantial accumulation of microglia and macrophage subsets during the neovascularization process. Our single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the expression of the secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) gene within these microglia and macrophages, identifying subsets of Spp1-expressing microglia and macrophages during neovascularization formation in angiogenesis mouse models...
March 18, 2024: Molecular Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503857/dietary-linoleic-acid-supplementation-protects-against-obesity-induced-microglial-reactivity-in-mice
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas Jantzen, Stéphanie Dumontoy, Bahrie Ramadan, Christophe Houdayer, Emmanuel Haffen, Aziz Hichami, Naim Akhtar Khan, Vincent Van Waes, Lidia Cabeza
We investigated whether linoleic acid (LA) supplementation could modulate emotional behavior and microglia-related neuroinflammation. For that, male mice of C57BL/6J genetic background fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard diet (STD) for 12 weeks, were treated with a vehicle or LA solution for 5 weeks before being evaluated for emotional behavior using a battery of behavioral tests. The animals were subsequently sacrificed and their brains collected and processed for immunofluorescence staining, targeting microglia-specific calcium-binding proteins (IBA-1)...
March 19, 2024: Scientific Reports
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