Esophageal stent

BACKGROUND: Traumatic esophageal perforations (TEP) are a grave medical condition and require immediate intervention. Techniques such as Esophageal Self-Expandable Metal Stent (E-SEMS) and Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy (EVT) show promise in reducing tissue damage and controlling esophageal leakage. The present study aims to compare the application of EVT to E-SEMS placement in TEP. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study valuated 30 patients with TEP. The E-SEMS and EVT groups were assessed for time of hospitalization, treatment duration, costs, and clinical outcome...

This report describes the experience of removing migrated gastrointestinal stents using a gastrostomy access. Four male patients ages years (23-62, mean 42) had 6 migrated stents removed using existing (n=3) or new (n=1) gastrostomy access. Removed stents included 5 covered esophageal stents that migrated into the stomach and 1 distal non-covered duodenal stent that migrated into the proximal duodenum. One patient had two stents removed during the same session. All stents were removed successfully without complications...

INTRODUCTION: Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) can be used to treat esophageal stricture after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), but its efficacy and placement timing remain to be determined. In this study, the treatment time and number of dilatations were compared between the SEMS placement group and the balloon dilatation (BD) group to clarify the efficacy and placement time of SEMSs in the treatment of esophageal stricture after circumferential esophageal ESD...

Although esophageal stenting is one treatment option as a palliative treatment for tracheoesophageal fistulas, serious complications are associated with stent migration. Some reports have described stent fixation using various devices to prevent stent migration. However, these have yet to be sufficiently examined. We performed esophageal stent fixation using the MANTIS Clip (Boston Scientific), a novel re-openable endoclip. An 89-year-old man developed a tracheoesophageal fistula after radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma...

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis in 10% to 20% of cases can be associated with necrosis of the pancreatic gland, peripancreatic tissue, or both. We report a case series of a new endoscopic approach to treat infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients with IPN, extending from the perigastric area up to the paracolic gutters or into the pelvis, were prospectively studied from January 2017 to June 2022. The treatment protocol was radiologic percutaneous drainage as the first step, followed by fully covered metal stent placement (FC-SEMS) in the track of the catheter...

PURPOSE: To develop and internally validate a novel prediction score to predict the occurrence of arterial-esophageal fistula (AEF) in esophageal cancer bleeding. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with esophageal cancer bleeding in the emergency department. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of AEF. The patients were randomly divided into a derivation group and a validation group. In the derivation stage, a predictive model was developed using logistic regression analysis...

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BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Esophageal restenosis is a serious complication after esophageal stent placement, which influences the clinical prognosis of stent implantation and the patient's quality of life. TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of the eosinophilic esophagitis and scar repair after skin trauma. However, the role of TGF-β1/Smads in the development of esophageal restenosis after esophageal stent placement remains unknown. Our study aimed to investigate whether TGF-β1/Smads plays an important role in the development of esophageal restenosis after esophageal stent, and whether the exogenous TGF-β1 inhibitor supplement could ameliorate the esophageal restenosis after esophageal stent...

Trauma-related esophageal injuries (TEIs) are a rare but highly lethal condition. The presentation of TEIs is very diverse depending on the location and mechanism of injury (blunt vs. penetrating), as well as the presence or absence of concurrent injuries. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to delineate the clinical features impacting TEI management. A systematic review of the Medline, Embase, and web of science databases was undertaken for studies reporting on patients with TEIs...

Bilothorax, an exudative pleural effusion due to the accumulation of bile. It is also called cholethorax or thoracobilia and was initially reported in 1971. Here, we report a rare case of an elderly male presenting with bilateral bilothorax due to esophageal rupture. A 78-year-old man with multiple medical ailments presented to the emergency room (ER) with a severe episode of vomiting accompanied by a popping sound, respiratory distress, and right sided chest pain. The patient had tachycardia, BP of 101/89 mm Hg, and tachypnea...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes of surgical repair of postesophagectomy neoesophagus-airway fistulas (NEAFs). METHODS: We retrospectively included consecutive patients with NEAF managed by various techniques at our center between August 2009 and July 2021. RESULT: Of the 11 patients (median age, 60 years; interquartile range, 58, 62), 4 had received induction chemoradiotherapy and 4 others induction chemotherapy. NEAF was mainly a complication of anastomotic leakage (n = 6) or attempted stenosis treatment (n = 3)...

INTRODUCTION: Whether airway-compromised airway-esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed...

Background and study aims Endoscopically delivered liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy is reported to be a safe and possibly more effective strategy for dysphagia palliation in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to pool all available data to evaluate the impact of this treatment modality. Methods Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) from January 2005 through June 2023 were searched for studies evaluating endoscopically delivered liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy for dysphagia palliation in patients with advanced esophageal cancer...

Carcinoma cuniculatum is a rare variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. To date, there are less than 30 cases of esophageal carcinoma cuniculatum reported. It is frequently a diagnostic challenge: A definitive diagnosis typically cannot be made before esophagectomy. We present a uniquely aggressive case of esophageal carcinoma cuniculatum complicated by a bronchoesophageal fistula and successfully palliated with dual esophageal and endobronchial stenting.

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) responsive to various external stimuli can realize a complex shape transformation process and have attracted extensive attention. However, integrating multiple stimulus-responsive mechanisms in one material often requires a complex molecular design and synthesis procedure. In this work, we designed a novel dual-responsive heterogeneous hydrogel (PU-PAM/Alg/PDA), which was manufactured through in situ free radical polymerization of acrylamide (AM) in the presence of alginate (Alg) and polydopamine (PDA) in a porous polycaprolactone-based polyurethane foam (PU-foam)...

BACKGROUND: At present, there is no unified and effective treatment for extreme corrosive esophageal stenosis (CES) with esophagotracheal fistula (ETF). This case had extreme and severe esophageal stenosis (ES) and ETF after ingesting an enzyme-based chemical detergent, resulting in a serious pulmonary infection and severe malnutrition. Upper gastrointestinal imaging showed that he had an ETF, and endoscopy showed that he had extreme and severe esophageal stricture. This case was complex and difficult to treat...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A novel multisegmented esophageal fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) was designed to reduce stent migration that is seen in up to 30% of patients. We aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of this multisegmented FCSEMS. METHODS: This multicenter prospective study aimed to include 30 patients undergoing palliative stent placement. Efficacy defined as technically successful stent placement and dysphagia scores and safety defined as (serious) adverse events ((S)AEs) were measured...

Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common type of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer -related mortality worldwide. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used for the resection of early esophageal cancer. However, post-ESD esophageal stricture is a common long-term complication, which requires attention. Patients with post-ESD esophageal stricture often experience dysphagia and require multiple dilatations, which greatly affects their quality of life and increases healthcare costs. Therefore, to manage post-ESD esophageal stricture, researchers are actively exploring various strategies, such as pharmaceutical interventions, endoscopic balloon dilation, and esophageal stenting...

Localized photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a polymeric-photosensitizer (PS)-embedded, covered self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS). PDT is minimally invasive and a noteworthy potential alternative for treating esophageal strictures, where surgery is not a viable option. However, preclinical evidence is insufficient, and optimized irradiation energy dose ranges for localized PDT are unclear. Herein, we validated the irradiation energy doses of the SEMS (embedded in a PS using chlorin e6 [Ce6] and covered in silicone) and PDT-induced tissue changes in a rat esophagus...

Our objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of 3 tubes with or without covered esophageal stent placement for the management of gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula. We retrospectively assessed the clinical data of 31 consecutive patients with gastro-mediastinal or gastro-pleural fistula treated by using a noninvasive treatment from February 2013 to July 2022. Patients received 3 tubes (jejunal feeding tube, gastrointestinal drainage tube and abscess drainage tube) with or without esophageal-covered stent placement...