keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516197/missed-opportunities-for-tb-diagnostic-testing-among-people-living-with-hiv-in-zimbabwe-cross-sectional-analysis-of-the-zimbabwe-population-based-hiv-impact-assessment-zimphia-survey-2015-16
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mayuko Takamiya, Kudawashe Takarinda, Shrish Balachandra, Godfrey Musuka, Elizabeth Radin, Avi Hakim, Michele L Pearson, Regis Choto, Charles Sandy, Talent Maphosa, John H Rogers
BACKGROUND: Using data from the Zimbabwe Population-based HIV Impact Assessment survey 2015-2016, we examined the TB care cascade and factors associated with not receiving TB diagnostic testing among adult PLHIV with TB symptoms. METHODS: Statistical Analysis was limited to PLHIV aged 15 years and older in HIV care. Weighted logistic regression with not receiving TB testing as outcome was adjusted for covariates with crude odd ratios (ORs) with p < 0...
May 2024: Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512968/quantifying-gaps-in-the-tuberculosis-care-cascade-in-brazil-a-mathematical-model-study-using-national-program-data
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sivaram Emani, Kleydson Alves, Layana Costa Alves, Daiane Alves da Silva, Patricia Bartholomay Oliveira, Marcia C Castro, Ted Cohen, Rodrigo de Macedo Couto, Mauro Sanchez, Nicolas A Menzies
BACKGROUND: In Brazil, many individuals with tuberculosis (TB) do not receive appropriate care due to delayed or missed diagnosis, ineffective treatment regimens, or loss-to-follow-up. This study aimed to estimate the health losses and TB program costs attributable to each gap in the care cascade for TB disease in Brazil. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We constructed a Markov model simulating the TB care cascade and lifetime health outcomes (e.g., death, cure, postinfectious sequelae) for individuals developing TB disease in Brazil...
March 21, 2024: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511668/community-views-on-active-case-finding-for-tuberculosis-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-qualitative-evidence-synthesis
#3
REVIEW
Melissa Taylor, Nancy Medley, Susanna S van Wyk, Sandy Oliver
BACKGROUND: Active case finding (ACF) refers to the systematic identification of people with tuberculosis in communities and amongst populations who do not present to health facilities, through approaches such as door-to-door screening or contact tracing. ACF may improve access to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment for the poor and for people remote from diagnostic and treatment facilities. As a result, ACF may also reduce onward transmission. However, there is a need to understand how these programmes are experienced by communities in order to design appropriate services...
March 21, 2024: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509605/scaling-up-and-scaling-out-the-systems-analysis-and-improvement-approach-to-optimize-the-hypertension-diagnosis-and-care-cascade-for-hiv-infected-individuals-scale-saia-htn-a-stepped-wedge-cluster-randomized-trial
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carmen E Hazim, Igor Dobe, Stephen Pope, Kristjana H Ásbjörnsdóttir, Orvalho Augusto, Fernando Pereira Bruno, Sergio Chicumbe, Norberto Lumbandali, Inocêncio Mate, Elso Ofumhan, Sam Patel, Riaze Rafik, Kenneth Sherr, Veronica Tonwe, Onei Uetela, David Watkins, Sarah Gimbel, Ana O Mocumbi
BACKGROUND: Undiagnosed and untreated hypertension is a main driver of cardiovascular disease and disproportionately affects persons living with HIV (PLHIV) in low- and middle-income countries. Across sub-Saharan Africa, guideline application to screen and manage hypertension among PLHIV is inconsistent due to poor service readiness, low health worker motivation, and limited integration of hypertension screening and management within HIV care services. In Mozambique, where the adult HIV prevalence is over 13%, an estimated 39% of adults have hypertension...
March 20, 2024: Implementation science communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500055/does-hiv-index-testing-bring-patients-into-treatment-at-earlier-stages-of-hiv-disease-results-from-a-retrospective-study-in-ukraine
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew M Secor, Alyona Ihnatiuk, Anna Shapoval, Misti McDowell, Larisa Hetman, Anjuli D Wagner, Jillian Pintye, Kristin Beima-Sofie, Matthew R Golden, Nancy Puttkammer
BACKGROUND: Over one-third of people living with HIV (PLH) in Ukraine are not on treatment. Index testing services, which link potentially exposed partners (named partners) of known PLH (index patients) with testing and treatment services, are being scaled in Ukraine and could potentially close this gap. METHODS: This retrospective study included patient data from 14,554 adult PLH who initiated antiretroviral treatment (ART) between October 2018 and May 2021 at one of 35 facilities participating in an intervention to strengthen index testing services...
March 18, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494657/reasons-for-disengagement-from-antiretroviral-care-in-the-era-of-treat-all-in-low-or-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review
#6
REVIEW
Rachael M Burke, Hannah M Rickman, Clarice Pinto, Peter Ehrenkranz, Augustine Choko, Nathan Ford
INTRODUCTION: Disengagement from antiretroviral therapy (ART) care is an important reason why people living with HIV do not achieve viral load suppression become unwell. METHODS: We searched two databases and conference abstracts from January 2015 to December 2022 for studies which reported reasons for disengagement from ART care. We included quantitative (mainly surveys) and qualitative (in-depth interviews or focus groups) studies conducted after "treat all" or "Option B+" policy adoption...
March 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489492/integration-of-hiv-testing-in-a-community-intervention-for-tuberculosis-screening-among-household-contacts-of-patients-with-tuberculosis-in-cameroon-and-uganda
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Boris Tchakounte Youngui, Daniel Atwine, David Otai, Anca Vasiliu, Bob Ssekyanzi, Colette Sih, Rogacien Kana, Rinah Arinaitwe, Benjamin Cuer, Leonie Simo, Richard Okello, Patrice Tchendjou, Martina Casenghi, Albert Kuate Kuate, Stavia Turyahabwe, Jennifer Cohn, Maryline Bonnet, Boris Kevin Tchounga
INTRODUCTION: People living with HIV are considered at higher risk of developing severe forms of tuberculosis (TB) disease. Providing HIV testing to TB-exposed people is therefore critical. We present the results of integrating HIV testing into a community-based intervention for household TB contact management in Cameroon and Uganda. METHODS: Trained community health workers visited the households of index patients with TB identified in 3 urban/semiurban and 6 rural districts or subdistricts as part of a cluster-randomized trial and provided TB screening to all household contacts...
April 15, 2024: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes: JAIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464490/addressing-unmet-prep-needs-in-women-impact-of-a-laboratory-driven-protocol-at-an-urban-essential-hospital
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Stewart, Glorimar Ruiz-Mercado, Heather Sperring, Cassandra M Pierre, Sabrina A Assoumou, Jessica L Taylor
BACKGROUND: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake in women remains low. We developed a laboratory result-driven protocol to link women with a positive bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) to HIV PrEP at an urban safety-net hospital. METHODS: Electronic health records of women with positive chlamydia, gonorrhea, and/or syphilis tests were reviewed, and those eligible for PrEP were referred for direct or primary care provider-driven outreach. We assessed the proportion of women with STIs who received PrEP offers, acceptance, and prescriptions before (July 1, 2018-December 31, 2018) and after (January 1, 2019-June 30, 2020) implementation to evaluate changes in the delivery of key elements of the PrEP care cascade (ie, PrEP offers, acceptance, and prescribing) for women with STIs after protocol implementation...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445068/the-pandemics-of-mass-destruction-a-comparative-analysis-of-hiv-aids-and-coronavirus-covid-19
#9
REVIEW
Robert Mutemi Kajiita, Simon Murote Kang'ethe
Historically, humanity has suffered and endured deadly pandemics of varying mortality rates. Irrefutably, research shows that the outbreak of pandemics is flooded by mythical and fallacious information among the public, hence stifling the prevention, treatment, and management of diseases. This paper focused on comparing selected aspects of the two pandemics, that is, HIV/AIDS and Coronavirus. This comparative analysis is important for drawing informative lessons for effective response and management of pandemics in the future...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441897/nurse-led-strategy-to-improve-blood-pressure-and-cholesterol-level-among-people-with-hiv-a-randomized-clinical-trial
#10
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Christopher T Longenecker, Kelley A Jones, Corrilynn O Hileman, Nwora Lance Okeke, Barbara M Gripshover, Angela Aifah, Gerald S Bloomfield, Charles Muiruri, Valerie A Smith, Rajesh Vedanthan, Allison R Webel, Hayden B Bosworth
IMPORTANCE: Despite higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, people with HIV (PWH) experience unique barriers to ASCVD prevention, such as changing models of HIV primary care. OBJECTIVE: To test whether a multicomponent nurse-led strategy would improve systolic blood pressure (SBP) and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level in a diverse population of PWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized clinical trial enrolled PWH at 3 academic HIV clinics in the US from September 2019 to January 2022 and conducted follow-up for 12 months until January 2023...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424538/costs-of-distributing-hiv-self-testing-kits-in-eswatini-through-community-and-workplace-models
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleen McGee, Marc d'Elbée, Ralitza Dekova, Linda A Sande, Lenhle Dube, Sanele Masuku, Makhosazana Dlamini, Collin Mangenah, Lawrence Mwenge, Cheryl Johnson, Karin Hatzold, Melissa Neuman, Gesine Meyer-Rath, Fern Terris-Prestholt
BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the implementation and running costs of an HIV self-testing (HIVST) distribution program in Eswatini. HIVST kits were delivered through community-based and workplace models using primary and secondary distribution. Primary clients could self-test onsite or offsite. This study presents total running economic costs of kit distribution per model between April 2019 and March 2020, and estimates average cost per HIVST kit distributed, per client self-tested, per client self-tested reactive, per client confirmed positive, and per client initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
February 29, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412175/correction-what-gaps-remain-in-the-hiv-cascade-of-care-results-of-a-population-based-survey-in-nsanje-district-malawi
#12
Nolwenn Conan, Cyrus P Paye, Reinaldo Ortuno, Alexander Chijuwa, Brown Chiwandira, Eric Goemaere, Daniela Belen Garone, Rebecca M Coulborn, Menard Chihana, David Maman
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248410.].
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381752/differentiated-care-for-youth-in-zimbabwe-outcomes-across-the-hiv-care-cascade
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chido Dziva Chikwari, Katharina Kranzer, Victoria Simms, Amani Patel, Mandikudza Tembo, Owen Mugurungi, Edwin Sibanda, Onismo Mufare, Lilian Ndlovu, Joice Muzangwa, Rumbidzayi Vundla, Abigail Chibaya, Richard Hayes, Constance Mackworth-Young, Sarah Bernays, Constancia Mavodza, Fadzanayi Hove, Tsitsi Bandason, Ethel Dauya, Rashida Abbas Ferrand
Youth living with HIV are at higher risk than adults of disengaging from HIV care. Differentiated models of care such as community delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may improve treatment outcomes. We investigated outcomes across the HIV cascade among youth accessing HIV services in a community-based setting. This study was nested in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (CHIEDZA: Clinicaltrials.gov, Registration Number: NCT03719521) conducted in three provinces in Zimbabwe and aimed to investigate the impact of a youth-friendly community-based package of HIV services, integrated with sexual and reproductive health services for youth (16-24 years), on population-level HIV viral load (VL)...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38378641/layered-vulnerability-and-researchers-responsibilities-learning-from-research-involving-kenyan-adolescents-living-with-perinatal-hiv-infection
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mary Kimani, Sassy Molyneux, Anderson Charo, Scholastica M Zakayo, Gladys Sanga, Rita Njeru, Alun Davies, Maureen Kelley, Amina Abubakar, Vicki Marsh
BACKGROUND: Carefully planned research is critical to developing policies and interventions that counter physical, psychological and social challenges faced by young people living with HIV/AIDS, without increasing burdens. Such studies, however, must navigate a 'vulnerability paradox', since including potentially vulnerable groups also risks unintentionally worsening their situation. Through embedded social science research, linked to a cohort study involving Adolescents Living with HIV/AIDS (ALH) in Kenya, we develop an account of researchers' responsibilities towards young people, incorporating concepts of vulnerability, resilience, and agency as 'interacting layers'...
February 20, 2024: BMC Medical Ethics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38361170/association-between-substance-abuse-and-mental-illness-symptoms-screener-samiss-scores-and-hiv-care-continuum-outcomes-in-people-newly-diagnosed-with-hiv-in-the-us-south
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manal Ahmed, Ank E Nijhawan, Ang Gao, Chul Ahn, Jeremy Y Chow
Mental illness (MI) and substance use (SU) are highly prevalent among people with HIV (PWH) and impact care outcomes. The Substance Abuse and Mental Illness Symptoms Screener (SAMISS) is a validated screener for MI and SU, but it is unknown how screening results at entry to care correlate with subsequent HIV outcomes. This is a retrospective chart review of individuals newly diagnosed with HIV between 2016 and 2019 in a Southern US, safety-net clinic. Baseline demographics, HIV risk factors, socioeconomic variables, and SAMISS screening scores were collected...
February 16, 2024: AIDS and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315800/empowering-and-supporting-frontline-providers-in-the-paediatric-adolescent-hiv-response-results-from-participatory-priority-setting-and-group-discussions-in-twenty-four-sites-in-twelve-high-hiv-burden-african-countries
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lesley Gittings, Nokuzola Ncube, Agnes Ronan, Isobella Chimatira, Luann Hatane
Children and adolescents living with HIV in Africa experience poor outcomes across the HIV cascade of care. Paediatric and adolescent-friendly services are crucial to their well-being, and recent years have seen a call for urgent service improvements. While frontline health workers are responsible for these services, less attention has been given to their contextual realities, and what constitutes an enabling service delivery environment. We engaged participatory priority-setting and group discussions across twenty-four sites in twelve high HIV-burden African countries in November 2022 with 801 frontline paediatric-adolescent providers...
February 5, 2024: AIDS Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314380/a-retrospective-analysis-of-the-disruptions-in-the-hiv-continuum-of-care-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-lessons-from-a-clinic-based-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Toni-Ann J Lewis, Michael E Kaiser, Natalya Goldshteyn, Douglas Sepkowitz, William M Briggs
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected healthcare services, including HIV patient care. This study assessed the impact of the pandemic on diverse aspects of care for individuals living with HIV (PLWH). METHODS: Patient data from 2019 to 2021 were collected using the Cascades template, provided by the New York State Department of Health, focusing on viral testing and suppression outcomes. Age, ethnicity, sex, and race were considered variables and analyzed via chi-square analysis, logistic regression model, and F test...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38254161/detectable-viral-load-associated-with-unmet-mental-health-and-substance-use-needs-among-trans-women-living-with-hiv-in-san-francisco-california
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erin C Wilson, Glenda N Baguso, Jerry Quintana, Bow Suprasert, Sean Arayasirikul
BACKGROUND: Substance use and mental distress are known barriers to HIV care engagement among trans women. Less is known about access and utilization of mental health and substance use care among trans women and the relationship between unmet behavioral health needs and HIV viral suppression. We examined the relationship between mental health and substance use on HIV viral load among trans women living with HIV. We also examined the relationship between mental health and substance use services needs with HIV care engagement and having a detectable viral load by comparing engagement in care cascades...
January 22, 2024: BMC Women's Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38254019/financial-burden-of-tuberculosis-diagnosis-and-treatment-for-patients-in-ethiopia-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dawit Getachew Assefa, Zewdu Gashu Dememew, Eden Dagnachew Zeleke, Tsegahun Manyazewal, Ahmed Bedru
BACKGROUND: Despite the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) given free of charge in many high-burden countries, the costs that patients face in the cascade of care remain a major concern. Here, we aimed to investigate the financial burden of TB diagnosis and treatment for people with TB in Ethiopia. METHOD: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Center for Clinical Trials from December 1 2022 to 31 June 2023 for articles reporting the cost of diagnosis and treatment for patients regardless of their age with all forms of TB in Ethiopia...
January 22, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38241648/the-cascade-of-care-for-early-infant-diagnosis-in-zimbabwe-point-of-care-hiv-testing-at-birth-and-6-8-weeks
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nancy Aitcheson, Emma Sacks, Tichaona H Nyamundaya, Cephas Muchuchuti, Jennifer Cohn
BACKGROUND: Routine birth testing of HIV-exposed infants (HEI) using point of care (POC) nucleic acid testing may allow for earlier diagnosis and treatment of infants living with HIV, but more data are needed on retention in care for those diagnosed at birth and re-testing for those with a negative HIV birth test. METHODS: POC birth testing (within 48 hours of birth) was offered to all HEI born at 10 public maternities in Zimbabwe from November 2018 to July 2019...
January 18, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
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