Eeg monitoring

This study introduces Geometric Sound as a subfield of spatial sound featuring audio stimuli which are sonic holograms of mathematically defined 3D shapes. The effects of Geometric Sound on human physiology were investigated through EEG, heart rate, blood pressure, and a combination of questionnaires monitoring 50 healthy participants in two separate experiments. The impact of Geometric Sound on Faraday wave pattern morphology was further studied. The shapes examined, pyramid, cube, and sphere, exhibited varying significant effects on autonomic nervous system markers, brainwave power amplitude, topology, and connectivity patterns, in comparison to both the control (traditional stereo), and recorded baseline where no sound was presented...

GABAergic interneuron deficits have been implicated in the epileptogenesis of multiple neurological diseases. While epileptic seizures are a key clinical hallmark of CLN2 disease, a childhood-onset neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), the etiology of these seizures remains elusive. Given that Cln2 R207X/R207X mice display fatal spontaneous seizures and an early loss of several cortical interneuron populations, we hypothesized that those two events might be causally related...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of a fully automated deep learning -based quantitative measure of EEG background, Brain State of the Newborn (BSN), for early prediction of clinical outcome at four years of age. METHODS: The EEG monitoring data from eighty consecutive newborns was analyzed using the automatically computed BSN trend. BSN levels during the first days of life (a of total 5427 hours) were compared to four clinical outcome categories: favorable, cerebral palsy (CP), CP with epilepsy, and death...

Recently, we showed that high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (hd-tDCS) can acutely reduce epileptic spike rates during and after stimulation in refractory status epilepticus (RSE), with a greater likelihood of patient discharge from the intensive care unit compared to historical controls. We investigate whether electroencephalographic (EEG) desynchronization during hd-tDCS can help account for observed anti-epileptic effects. Defining desynchronization as greater power in higher frequencies such as above 30 ​Hz ("gamma") and lesser power in frequency bands lower than 30 ​Hz, we analyzed 27 EEG sessions from 10 RSE patients who had received 20-minute session(s) of 2-milliamperes of transcranial direct current custom-targeted at the epileptic focus as previously determined by a clinical EEGer monitoring the EEG in real-time...

INTRODUCTION: Managing cognitive function in care homes is a significant challenge. Individuals in care have a variety of scores across standard clinical assessments, such as the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE), and many of them have scores that fall within the range associated with dementia. A recent methodological advance, brain vital sign monitoring through auditory event-related potentials, provides an objective and sensitive physiological measurement to track abnormalities, differences, or changes in cognitive function...

The growing use of neuromonitoring in general anesthesia provides detailed insights into the effects of anesthetics on the brain. Our study focuses on the processed EEG indices State Entropy (SE), Response Entropy (RE), and Burst Suppression Ratio (BSR) of the GE EntropyTM Module, which serve as surrogate measures for estimating the level of anesthesia. While retrospectively analyzing SE and RE index values from patient records, we encountered a technical anomaly with a conspicuous distribution of index values...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique capable of inducing neuroplasticity as measured by changes in peripheral muscle electromyography (EMG) or electroencephalography (EEG) from pre to post stimulation. However, temporal courses of neuromodulation during ongoing rTMS are unclear. Monitoring cortical dynamics via TMS-evoked responses using EMG (motor-evoked potentials; MEPs) and EEG (transcranial-evoked potentials; TEPs) during rTMS might provide further essential insights into its mode of action - temporal course of potential modulations...

INTRODUCTION: Epileptic spasms without hypsarrhythmia occur when patients do not display hypsarrhythmia on EEG at the onset and throughout the clinical course. We report three patients of epileptic spasms in patients with early onset, all of whom experienced other types of seizures. CASE REPORTS: We detail three patients (two boys and one girl) of epileptic spasms without hypsarrhythmia, occurring between one and three months of age, with no abnormalities detected on neurometabolic analysis and brain MRI...

Implantable brain recording and stimulation devices apply to a broad spectrum of conditions, such as epilepsy, movement disorders and depression. For long-term monitoring and neuromodulation in epilepsy patients, future extracranial subscalp implants may offer a promising, less-invasive alternative to intracranial neurotechnologies. To inform the design and assess the safety profile of such next-generation devices, we estimated extracranial complication rates of deep brain stimulation (DBS), cranial peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), responsive neurostimulation (RNS) and existing subscalp EEG devices (sqEEG), as proxy for future implants...

Methods In a double-blinded cross-over design, 30 adults (mean age = 25.57, SD = 3.74; all male) were administered racemic ketamine and compared against saline infusion as a control. Both task-driven (auditory oddball paradigm) and resting-state EEG were recorded. HOI were computed using advanced multivariate information theory tools, allowing us to quantify nonlinear statistical dependencies between all possible electrode combinations. Results: Ketamine increased redundancy in brain dynamics, most significantly in the alpha frequency band...

PURPOSE: To determine the precise induction dose, an objective assessment of individual propofol sensitivity is necessary. This study aimed to investigate whether preinduction electroencephalogram (EEG) data are useful in determining the optimal propofol dose for the induction of general anesthesia in healthy adult patients. METHODS: Seventy healthy adult patients underwent total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), and the effect-site target concentration of propofol was observed to measure each individual's propofol requirements for loss of responsiveness...

Focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging noinvasive technique for neuromodulation in the central nervous system (CNS). To evaluate the effects of FUS-induced neuromodulation, many studies used behavioral changes, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or electroencephalography (EEG). However, behavioral readouts are often not easily mapped to specific brain activity, EEG has low spatial resolution limited to the surface of the brain and fMRI requires a large importable scanner that limits additional readouts and manipulations...

Ictal kissing (IK) is a rare type of automatism observed during epileptic seizures. Despite its uncommon occurrence, understanding the underlying mechanisms, the role of emotions, and the level of consciousness during seizures with IK is essential in providing a comprehensive understanding of epilepsy. We describe five cases (.13%) of IK after performing a retrospective analysis of 3794 long-term, ictal video-EEGs from an epilepsy monitoring unit in Mumbai, India. Our patients with drug-resistant epilepsy showed IK had a wide epileptogenic zone...

OBJECTIVE: Hispanic/Latino people with epilepsy are a growing population that has been understudied in clinical epilepsy research. U.S. veterans are at a higher risk of epilepsy due to greater exposures including traumatic brain injury. Hispanic/Latino Veterans with Epilepsy (HL-VWEs) represent a growing population; however the treatment utilization patterns of this population have been vastly understudied. METHODS: HL-VWE were identified from administrative databases during fiscal year 2019...

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and executive functioning, focusing specifically on performance monitoring, error detection, and their association with mid-frontal theta and error-related negativity (ERN). Employing the widely used flanker task, the research involved two phases with participants aged 10-16 years (15 individuals in the pilot phase and 35 in the second phase). Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings from distinct brain regions were analyzed during various conditions...

Conflict monitoring has been studied extensively using experimental paradigms that manipulate perceptual dimensions of stimuli and responses. The picture-word interference (PWI) task has historically been used to examine semantic conflict, but primarily for the purpose of examining lexical retrieval. In this study, we utilized two novel PWI tasks to assess conflict monitoring in the context of semantic conflict. Participants included nineteen young adults (14F, age = 20.79 ± 3...

Despite recent advancements in monitoring brain activity, causal relationships within the brain during responsibility identification in construction contracts remain unexplored. We aimed to understand the neural mechanisms involved in the cognitive components and their interactions related to contract text reading by delving into the brain mechanisms of contract responsibility identification. This study investigated students' brain connectivity using electroencephalography (EEG) data during a text-based contract responsibility-identification task...

OBJECTIVE: In tasks involving new visuospatial information, we rely on working memory, supported by a distributed brain network. We investigated the dynamic interplay between brain regions, including cortical and white matter structures, to understand how neural interactions change with different memory loads and trials, and their subsequent impact on working memory performance. METHODS: Patients undertook a task of immediate spatial recall during intracranial EEG monitoring...

OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative spectral parameters of visually-normal EEG between Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) patients and healthy controls (HC). METHOD: We enrolled 26 MTLE patients and 26 HC. From each recording we calculated total power of all frequency bands and determined alpha-theta (ATR) and alpha-delta (ADR) power ratios in different brain regions. Group-wise differences between spectral parameters were investigated (p < 0.05). To test for associations between spectral-power and cognitive status, we evaluated correlations between neuropsychological tests and quantitative EEG (qEEG) metrics...

BACKGROUND: The bispectral index (BIS) monitor is the most frequently used electroencephalogram (EEG)-based depth of anesthesia (DoA) technology in Norwegian hospitals. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the extent and clinical impact of its use and how anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists use the information provided by the DoA monitors in their clinical practice. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey on the use of DoA monitors in Norway used a web-based questionnaire distributed to anesthesia personnel in all hospitals in Norway...