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REVIEW
Gary Wong, Kathrina Mae Bienes, Ara Xiii, Hugues Fausther-Bovendo, Gary P Kobinger
In the 1990s, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) progressed from scientific tools to advanced therapeutics, particularly for the treatment of cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In the arena of infectious disease, the inauguration of mAbs as a post-exposure treatment in humans against Ebola virus (EBOV) occurred in response to the 2013-2016 West Africa outbreak. This review recounts the history of a candidate mAb treatment, ZMapp, beginning with its emergency use in the 2013-2016 outbreak and advancing to randomized controlled trials into the 2018-2020 African outbreak...
April 3, 2024: Antiviral Research
#2
REVIEW
Gergana Zahmanova, Alaa A A Aljabali, Katerina Takova, George Minkov, Murtaza M Tambuwala, Ivan Minkov, George P Lomonossoff
Plants are increasingly used for the production of high-quality biological molecules for use as pharmaceuticals and biomaterials in industry. Plants have proved that they can produce life-saving therapeutic proteins (Elelyso™-Gaucher's disease treatment, ZMapp™-anti-Ebola monoclonal antibodies, seasonal flu vaccine, Covifenz™-SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle vaccine); however, some of these therapeutic proteins are difficult to bring to market, which leads to serious difficulties for the manufacturing companies...
December 17, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye, Angele Dilu-Keti, Tamara Tovar-Sanchez, Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Richard Kitenge, Pierre Formenty, Anaïs Legand, François Edidi-Atani, Guillaume Thaurignac, Raphael Pelloquin, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Abdoulaye Toure, Ahidjo Ayouba, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Eric Delaporte, Martine Peeters, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
BACKGROUND: The use of specific anti-Ebola virus therapy, especially monoclonal antibodies, has improved survival in patients with Ebola virus disease. We aimed to assess the effect of monoclonal antibodies on anti-Ebola virus antibody responses in survivors of the 2018-20 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. METHODS: In this observational prospective cohort study, participants were enrolled at three Ebola survivor clinics in Beni, Mangina, and Butembo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)...
November 30, 2023: Lancet Infectious Diseases
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elif Seymour, M Selim Ünlü, John H Connor
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) play an important role in diagnostics and therapy of infectious diseases. Here we utilize a single-particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor (SP-IRIS) for screening 30 mAbs against Ebola, Sudan, and Lassa viruses (EBOV, SUDV, and LASV) to find out the ideal capture antibodies for whole virus detection using recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) models expressing surface glycoproteins (GPs) of EBOV, SUDV, and LASV. We also make use of the binding properties on SP-IRIS to develop a model for mapping the antibody epitopes on the GP structure...
January 6, 2023: Scientific Reports
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya Gao, Yunli Zhao, Gordon Guyatt, Robert Fowler, Richard Kojan, Long Ge, Jinhui Tian, Qiukui Hao
BACKGROUND: Specific treatments targeting Ebola virus are crucial in managing Ebola virus disease. To support the development of clinical practice guidelines on medications for Ebola virus disease, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapies for patients with Ebola virus disease. METHODS: In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Global Health, African Index Medicus, World Health Organization Global Index Medicus, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials...
September 2022: The Lancet. Microbe
#6
REVIEW
Palanisamy Sivanandy, Pee Hui Jun, Lai Weng Man, Ng Sin Wei, Nicole Foo Kar Mun, Celestine Ang Jia Yii, Charissa Cheah Xiao Ying
BACKGROUND: The Ebola virus has started to infect humans from time to time since then and has led to several outbreaks. Due to urbanisation growth, invasion of forested areas, and close interaction with wildlife animals, the spread of the Ebola virus has caused the deadliest diseases to animals and humans. To date, the Ebola virus disease (EVD) claimed many lives of human beings and a greater number of cases were observed in the African region. Hence, a review was carried out to analyse the trends in EVD outbreaks, morbidity and mortality among EVD patients, efficacy and safety of drugs approved for the treatment of EVD...
January 21, 2022: Journal of Infection and Public Health
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelsi Swope, Josh Morton, Gregory P Pogue, Leigh Burden, Nicholas Partain, Steve Hume, John Shepherd, Carrie A Simpson, Miles B Brennan, Thomas C Furman, Sheila Kingrey-Gebe, Theresa Martinez, Jim McDonough, Michael H Pauly, Kevin J Whaley, Larry Zeitlin, Barry Bratcher, Hugh Haydon
The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic of 2020-2021 underscores the need for manufacturing platforms that can rapidly produce monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies. As reported here, a platform based on Nicotiana benthamiana produced mAb therapeutics with high batch-to-batch reproducibility and flexibility, enabling production of 19 different mAbs of sufficient purity and safety for clinical application(s). With a single manufacturing run, impurities were effectively removed for a representative mAb product (the ZMapp component c4G7)...
January 2022: MAbs
#8
REVIEW
Puna Maya Maharjan, Sunghwa Choe
The prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in its second year has led to massive global human and economic losses. The high transmission rate and the emergence of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants demand rapid and effective approaches to preventing the spread, diagnosing on time, and treating affected people. Several COVID-19 vaccines are being developed using different production systems, including plants, which promises the production of cheap, safe, stable, and effective vaccines. The potential of a plant-based system for rapid production at a commercial scale and for a quick response to an infectious disease outbreak has been demonstrated by the marketing of carrot-cell-produced taliglucerase alfa (Elelyso) for Gaucher disease and tobacco-produced monoclonal antibodies (ZMapp) for the 2014 Ebola outbreak...
September 6, 2021: Vaccines
#9
REVIEW
Olivier Tshiani Mbaya, Philippe Mukumbayi, Sabue Mulangu
The unprecedented 2013-2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak accelerated several medical countermeasures (MCMs) against Ebola virus disease (EVD). Several investigational products (IPs) were used throughout the outbreak but were not conclusive for efficacy results. Only the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) on ZMapp was promising but inconclusive. More recently, during the second-largest Ebola outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), four IPs, including one small molecule (Remdesivir), two monoclonal antibody (mAb) cocktails (ZMapp and REGN-EB3) and a single mAb (mAb114), were evaluated in an RCT, the Pamoja Tulinde Maisha (PALM) study...
2021: Frontiers in Immunology
#10
REVIEW
Satyajit Tripathy, Barsha Dassarma, Manojit Bhattacharya, Motlalepula Gilbert Matsabisa
Ebola virus infection results in the fast onset of severe acute haemorrhagic fever with high mortality. The Ebola virus is labelled as a category A pathogen. Vaccines against the Ebola virus (EBOV) are essential for everyone, and an expansion in the arena of vaccine synthesis; especially, plant-based vaccine development has drawn attention. To express the heterologous protein for plant-based vectors, both RNA and DNA viruses have been adapted. Among the different approaches of plant-based vaccine technologies, the agroinfiltration method, which was initially established to investigate plant-virus interactions, has been considered an effective method to produce monoclonal antibodies against EBOV...
September 1, 2021: Current Opinion in Pharmacology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Saxena, G Kaul, A Dasgupta, S Chopra
Zaire ebolavirus has been responsible for several catastrophic outbreaks with a high mortality rate. Unfortunately, there were no approved therapies or vaccines to treat or prevent infections caused by Ebola virus (EBOV) or other filoviruses. Atoltivimab/ maftivimab/odesivimab (Inmazeb) is the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for Zaire ebolavirus infection in adult and pediatric patients, including neonates born to a mother who is reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive for Zaire ebolavirus infection...
August 2021: Drugs of Today
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tinkhani Mbichila, Grace Kumwenda, Ntando Yola, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Tamar Tchelidze, Joseph Lau, Stephanie Buchholz, Regine Lehnert, Jean-Michel Molina, Kenneth Mayer, Veronica Miller
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 3, 2021: Journal of Virus Eradication
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simran Batra, Rohan Kumar Ochani, Mufaddal Najmuddin Diwan, Farah Yasmin, Suha Safi Qureshi, Sameer Bhimani, Shehryar Shaikh, Muhammad Ali Tariq, Muhammad Ahmed Ashraf, Hamza Ahmed Farooqi, Sunil Kumar Dodani
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), also known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF), initially emerged over 40 years ago in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Endemic to Africa, outbreaks have been recorded in six African countries since its detection in 1976. Fruit bats are believed to be the natural hosts of Ebola viruses (EBoV), with humans and other mammals serving as accidental hosts. Transmission of EBoV has been reported in various ways, including human to human transmission through close contact with blood and bodily fluids...
June 1, 2020: Le Infezioni in Medicina
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lori E Dodd, Dean Follmann, Michael Proschan, Jing Wang, Denis Malvy, Johan van Griensven, Iza Ciglenecki, Peter W Horby, Rashid Ansumana, Jia-Fu Jiang, Richard T Davey, H Clifford Lane, Aurelie Gouel-Cheron
Recent Ebola virus disease outbreaks affirm the dire need for treatments with proven efficacy. Randomized controlled clinical trials remain the gold standard but, during disease outbreaks, may be difficult to conduct due to ethical concerns and challenging field conditions. In the absence of a randomized control group, statistical modeling to create a control group could be a possibility. Such a model-based reference control would only be credible if it had the same mortality risk as that of the experimental group in the absence of treatment...
November 27, 2019: Science Translational Medicine
#15
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Sabue Mulangu, Lori E Dodd, Richard T Davey, Olivier Tshiani Mbaya, Michael Proschan, Daniel Mukadi, Mariano Lusakibanza Manzo, Didier Nzolo, Antoine Tshomba Oloma, Augustin Ibanda, Rosine Ali, Sinaré Coulibaly, Adam C Levine, Rebecca Grais, Janet Diaz, H Clifford Lane, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Billy Sivahera, Modet Camara, Richard Kojan, Robert Walker, Bonnie Dighero-Kemp, Huyen Cao, Philippe Mukumbayi, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Steve Ahuka, Sarah Albert, Tyler Bonnett, Ian Crozier, Michael Duvenhage, Calvin Proffitt, Marc Teitelbaum, Thomas Moench, Jamila Aboulhab, Kevin Barrett, Kelly Cahill, Katherine Cone, Risa Eckes, Lisa Hensley, Betsey Herpin, Elizabeth Higgs, Julie Ledgerwood, Jerome Pierson, Mary Smolskis, Ydrissa Sow, John Tierney, Sumathi Sivapalasingam, Wendy Holman, Nikki Gettinger, David Vallée, Jacqueline Nordwall
BACKGROUND: Although several experimental therapeutics for Ebola virus disease (EVD) have been developed, the safety and efficacy of the most promising therapies need to be assessed in the context of a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: We conducted a trial of four investigational therapies for EVD in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where an outbreak began in August 2018. Patients of any age who had a positive result for Ebola virus RNA on reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay were enrolled...
December 12, 2019: New England Journal of Medicine
#16
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 2019: Nature Biotechnology
#17
REVIEW
Thomas Hoenen, Allison Groseth, Heinz Feldmann
Following the Ebola virus disease epidemic in west Africa, there has been increased awareness of the need for improved therapies for emerging diseases, including viral haemorrhagic fevers such as those caused by Ebola virus and other filoviruses. Our continually improving understanding of the virus life cycle coupled with the increased availability of 'omics' analyses and high-throughput screening technologies has enhanced our ability to identify potential viral and host factors and aspects involved in the infection process that might be intervention targets...
October 2019: Nature Reviews. Microbiology
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura K McMullan, Mike Flint, Ayan Chakrabarti, Lisa Guerrero, Michael K Lo, Danielle Porter, Stuart T Nichol, Christina F Spiropoulou, César Albariño
BACKGROUND: The ongoing Ebola virus outbreak in the Ituri and North Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which began in July, 2018, is the second largest ever recorded. Despite civil unrest, outbreak control measures and the administration of experimental therapies and a vaccine have been initiated. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of candidate therapies and diagnostic tests with the outbreak strain Ituri Ebola virus. Lacking a virus isolate from this outbreak, a recombinant Ituri Ebola virus was compared with a similarly engineered Makona virus from the 2013-16 outbreak...
July 9, 2019: Lancet Infectious Diseases
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James S Lee, Neill K J Adhikari, Henry Y Kwon, Koren Teo, Reed Siemieniuk, François Lamontagne, Adrienne Chan, Sharmistha Mishra, Srinivas Murthy, Peter Kiiza, Jan Hajek, Elhadj I Bah, Marie-Claire Lamah, Raymond Kao, Robert A Fowler
BACKGROUND: Management of Ebola virus disease (EVD) has historically focused on infection prevention, case detection and supportive care. Several specific anti-Ebola therapies have been investigated, including during the 2014-2016 West African outbreak. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of the effect of anti-Ebola virus therapies on clinical outcomes to guide their potential use and future evaluation. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Global Health, Cochrane Library, African Index Medicus, WHOLIS (inception-9 April 2018), and trial registries for observational studies or clinical trials, in any language, that enrolled patients with confirmed EVD who received therapy targeting Ebola virus and reported on mortality, symptom duration, or adverse effects...
May 2, 2019: BMC Infectious Diseases
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Placide Mbala-Kingebeni, Catherine B Pratt, Michael R Wiley, Moussa M Diagne, Sheila Makiala-Mandanda, Amuri Aziza, Nicholas Di Paola, Joseph A Chitty, Mamadou Diop, Ahidjo Ayouba, Nicole Vidal, Ousmane Faye, Oumar Faye, Stormy Karhemere, Aaron Aruna, Justus Nsio, Felix Mulangu, Daniel Mukadi, Patrick Mukadi, John Kombe, Anastasie Mulumba, Sophie Duraffour, Jacques Likofata, Elisabeth Pukuta, Katie Caviness, Maggie L Bartlett, Jeanette Gonzalez, Timothy Minogue, Shanmuga Sozhamannan, Stephen M Gross, Gary P Schroth, Jens H Kuhn, Eric F Donaldson, Eric Delaporte, Mariano Sanchez-Lockhart, Martine Peeters, Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum, Amadou Alpha Sall, Gustavo Palacios, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
BACKGROUND: The 2018 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, began on May 8, and was declared over on July 24; it resulted in 54 documented cases and 33 deaths. We did a retrospective genomic characterisation of the outbreak and assessed potential therapeutic agents and vaccine (medical countermeasures). METHODS: We used target-enrichment sequencing to produce Ebola virus genomes from samples obtained in the 2018 Équateur Province outbreak...
April 15, 2019: Lancet Infectious Diseases
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