Breast cancer subtypes

Objective: Observational studies showed that Type 2 diabetes increased the risk of breast cancer, and vice versa . However, it is uncertain whether the link is causal or just due to confounding factors. Using bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis, we assessed the bidirectional causal relationship from a genetic level. Methods: Large genome-wide association studies yielded summary-level data for Type 2 diabetes and breast cancer. Results: Genetically predicted Type 2 diabetes presented no statistically significant association with overall breast cancer or its subtypes...

OBJECTIVE: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with a poor prognosis. Minichromosome maintenance genes (MCM2-7) crucial for DNA replication are significant biomarkers for various tumor types; however, their roles in TNBC remain underexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We utilized four TNBC-related GEO databases to examine MCM2-7 gene expression and predict its prognosis in TNBC, performing single-cell analysis and GSEA to discover MCM6's potential function...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and uncommon subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. It is crucial to prioritise the creation of a nanotherapeutic method that is highly selective and actively targeting TNBC. This study explores a new nanosystem, Cu9 S8 -SNAP@PM (C-S@P), composed of Cu9 S8 -SNAP coated with a platelet membrane (PM). The purpose of this nanosystem is to cure TNBC using multimodal therapy. The utilisation of PM-coated nanoparticles (NPs) enables active targeting, leading to the efficient accumulation of C-S@P within the tumour...

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor affecting women and represents the leading cause of female cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although distant organ metastasis accounts for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths, reports on bladder metastasis are limited in the existing literature. The present study describes the case of a patient with bladder metastasis originating from breast cancer. In addition, the present study also provides a review of 54 cases of similar disease that have been documented in the currently available literature...

BACKGROUND: Anlotinib is a new type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1/2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptors α/β, and fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 and c-Kit, with a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis and growth. It has been proven effective in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, but its efficacy in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unknown. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding anlotinib to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most pro-metastatic form of BC. Better understanding of its enigmatic pathophysiology is crucial. We report here the largest whole-exome sequencing (WES) study of clinical IBC samples. METHODS: We retrospectively applied WES to 54 untreated IBC primary tumor samples and matched normal DNA. The comparator samples were 102 stage-matched non-IBC samples from TCGA. We compared the somatic mutational profiles, spectra and signatures, copy number alterations (CNAs), HRD and heterogeneity scores, and frequencies of actionable genomic alterations (AGAs) between IBCs and non-IBCs...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL) in predicting different breast cancer molecular subtypes using DCE-MRI from two institutes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 366 breast cancer patients from two institutes, divided into training (n = 292), validation (n = 49) and testing (n = 25) sets. We first transformed the public DCE-MRI appearance to ours to alleviate small-data-size and class-imbalance issues...

Inflammatory breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with dismal patient prognosis and a unique clinical presentation. In the past two decades, molecular profiling technologies have been used in order to gain insight into the molecular biology of IBC and to search for possible targets for treatment. Although a gene signature that accurately discriminates between IBC and nIBC patient samples and preclinical models was identified, the overall genomic and transcriptomic differences are small and ambiguous, mainly due to the limited sample sizes of the evaluated patient series and the failure to correct for confounding effects of the molecular subtypes...

Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive form of locally advanced breast cancer, classified as stage T4d according to the tumor-node-metastasis staging criteria. This subtype of breast cancer is known for its rapid progression and significantly lower survival rates compared to other forms of breast cancer. Despite its distinctive clinical features outlined by the World Health Organization, the histopathological characteristics of IBC remain not fully elucidated, presenting challenges in its diagnosis and treatment...

Since the early description more than a century ago, inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) remains an aggressive disease, with a different geographic repartition, with the highest ones incidence reported in the North of Africa (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and Egypt), and the lowest incidence in Western countries (USA, Europe…). In this study, we reviewed the literature using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database compared to other published series. We observed that in the high incidence areas (North of Africa) when compared to "classical" breast cancer, IBC was associated to younger age (less than 50 years) with rapid evolution of signs and symptoms (in less than 3 up to 6 months), and more aggressive clinical and histopathological-molecular parameters, due to the predominance of triple-negative and HER2+ subtypes in around 60% of cases...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a unique breast cancer subtype characterized by a lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. Since TNBC lacks ER, PR, and HER2, there are currently no drugs that specifically target TNBC. Therefore, the development of new drugs or effective treatment strategies to target TNBC has become an urgent clinical need. Research has shown that the application of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors leads to genomic and epigenomic instability...

INTRODUCTION: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with an extremely dismal prognosis and few treatment options. As a desmoplastic tumor, TNBC tumor cells are girdled by stroma composed of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and their secreted stromal components. The rapidly proliferating tumor cells, together with the tumor stroma, exert additional solid tissue pressure on tumor vasculature and surrounding tissues, severely obstructing therapeutic agent from deep intratumoral penetration, and resulting in tumor metastasis and treatment resistance...

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, new research is still needed for biomarker detection. GSE101124 and GSE182471 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to evaluate differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) databases were used to identify the significantly dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes considering the Prediction Analysis of Microarray classification (PAM50)...

IMPORTANCE: Despite improvements in breast cancer screening, treatment, and survival, disparate breast cancer-specific survival outcomes persist, particularly in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Most of these disparities are attributed to disparities in individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics. However, a critical knowledge gap exists as to whether disparities in breast cancer-specific survival remain after accounting for individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if neighborhood disadvantage is associated with shorter breast cancer-specific survival after controlling for individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics in a national population...

Glycosylation alterations in TNBC have significant implications for tumor behavior, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies. Dysregulated glycosylation affects cell adhesion, signaling, immune recognition, and response to therapy in TNBC. Different types of glycosylation, including N-linked glycosylation, O-linked glycosylation, glycosphingolipid glycosylation, mucin-type glycosylation, and sialylation, play distinct roles in TNBC. The "barcoding" method based on glycosylation sites of the membrane type mannose receptor (MR) shows promise in accurately distinguishing breast cancer subtypes, including TNBC...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis of breast cancer. Thiostrepton exerts anti-tumor activities against several cancers including TNBC. Herein we discussed the new molecular mechanisms of thiostrepton in TNBC. Thiostrepton inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell viability, accompanied by a decrease of c-FLIP and p-SMAD2/3. c-FLIP overexpression reduced the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to thiostrepton, while SMAD2/3 knockdown increased the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to thiostrepton...

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in patients with initially high nodal burden. METHODS: In the multicenter retrospective cohort, 388 individuals with cN1-3 breast cancer who underwent NAST and had SLNB followed by completion axillary lymph node dissection were included. In an external validation cohort, 267 patients with HER2+ or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) meeting similar inclusion criteria were included...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a critical role in regulating TNBC tumor development. This study aimed to identify and characterize a specific subtype of CAFs associated with TNBC. Initially, using high-throughput bulk transcriptomic data in two cohorts, we identified three CAF-related subtypes (CS1, CS2, CS3) in TNBC samples. These three CAFs subtypes were closely linked to the tumor microenvironment. The CS1 subtype exhibited a relatively immune-rich microenvironment and a favourable prognosis, whereas the CS3 subtype displayed an immune-deprived tumor microenvironment and an unfavourable prognosis...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor lacking estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. It has higher aggressiveness and metastasis than other subtypes, with limited effective therapeutic strategies, leading to a poor prognosis. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is prevalently over-activated in human cancers and contributes to breast cancer (BC) growth, survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis, which could be an interesting therapeutic target...

Although gastric cancer is known to be an aggressive tumor that can spread throughout the body, breast metastases are uncommon. This entity is rarely reported in the literature, with an estimated incidence of 0.5 to 1.3%. We report a case of a rare association between a gastric subtype of signet ring cell carcinoma and metastasis to the breast. This uncommon situation is only documented through case reports. Most breast metastases have been detected after diagnosis of primary gastric cancer, during the first year...