Arginine chloride

Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to blood pressure (BP) regulation via its vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties. We and others previously reported sex differences in BP in normotensive and hypertensive rat models where females have lower BP than age-matched males. As females are known to have greater NO bioavailability than age-matched males, the current study was designed to test the hypothesis that anesthetized female normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) are more responsive to acute NOS inhibition-induced increases in BP compared to male WKY...

Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) is a powerful technique for capture and purification of relevant biopharmaceuticals in complex biological matrices. However, protein recovery can be drastically compromised due to surface induced spreading and unfolding of the analyte, leading to fouling of the stationary phase. Here, we report on the kinetics of irreversible adsorption of a protease on an IMAC resin in a time span ranging from minutes to several hours. This trend correlated with the thermal data measured by nano differential scanning calorimetry, and showed a time-dependent change in protein unfolding temperature...

Arginase has shown promising potential in treating cancers by arginine deprivation therapy; however, low enzymatic activity and stability of arginase are impeding its development. This study was aimed to improve the enzymological properties of a marine bacterial arginase by carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) conjugation. An arginase producing marine bacterium Priestia megaterium strain P6 was isolated and identified. The novel arginase PMA from the strain was heterologously expressed, purified, and then conjugated to CMCS by ionic gelation with calcium chloride as the crosslinking agent...

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) have long been recognized as versatile and efficient tools for the extraction of biomolecules, including amino acids. Recent advancements in the field have introduced a novel approach by utilizing deep eutectic solvents (DES) to form ATPs. This study aimed to determine the phase diagrams for an ATPS made of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether 250 and two types of NADESs, namely choline chloride as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), and either sucrose or fructose as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) with a molar ratio of 1 : 2...

MasR is a critical element in the RAS accessory pathway that protects the heart against myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and pathological remodeling by counteracting the effects of AT1R. This receptor is mainly stimulated by Ang 1-7, which is a bioactive metabolite of the angiotensin produced by ACE2. MasR activation attenuates ischemia-related myocardial damage by facilitating vasorelaxation, improving cell metabolism, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibiting thrombosis, and stabilizing atherosclerotic plaque...

The creation of specialized food systems capable of correcting body weight and influencing lipid metabolism is an urgent task at the present stage. The main way to create such food systems is to modify product profiles (lipid, protein, carbohydrate, mineral, vitamin, etc.). The aim of the study was to obtain and characterize a new food source of an organic form of chromium for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and obesity in the form of a complex with peptide fractions of fermentolysate proteins of the Mactra chinensis bivalve mollusk from the Far Eastern region...

Dilutional hyponatremia due to increased plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) is associated with liver cirrhosis. However, plasma AVP remains elevated despite progressive hypoosmolality. This study investigated changes to inhibitory control of supraoptic nucleus (SON) AVP neurons during liver cirrhosis. Experiments were conducted with adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Bile duct ligation was used as a model of chronic liver cirrhosis. An adeno-associated virus containing a construct with an AVP promoter and either green fluorescent protein (GFP) or a ratiometric chloride indicator, ClopHensorN, was bilaterally injected into the SON of rats...

Ischemia and perfusion (I/R) induce inflammation and oxidative stress, which play a notable role in tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) in the protection of the heart from I/R injury. Hearts isolated from Wistar rats (n = 8 per group) were perfused with a modified Langendorff preparation. Left ventricular (LV) contractility and cardiovascular hemodynamics were evaluated by a data acquisition program, and infarct size was evaluated by 2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining...

Current chemotherapy against the Surra organism, Trypanosoma evansi has several limitations in terms of efficacy, toxicity, availability and emerging resistance. These reasons make the search of new chemo-preventive and chemo-therapeutic agent with high potency and low toxicity. Alkaloid phyto-molecules, berberine has shown promising anti-kinetoplastid activity against T. cruzi, T. congolense, T. brucei, Leishmania donovani and L. tropica. However, till date, there is no investigation of therapeutic efficacy of berberine chloride (BC) against T...

Simvastatin is a semisynthetic inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and is used extensively to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Apart from the lipid-lowering effect, simvastatin has been documented to offer impressive vasorelaxant activity. However, the mechanism associated with this vasorelaxant activity has yet not been substantially explored. Thus, the present study has aimed to elucidate the mechanism(s) associated with simvastatin-induced vasorelaxation using an established rat aortic ring model...

Protein-based biologics are highly suitable for drug development as they exhibit low toxicity and high specificity for their targets. However, for therapeutic applications, biologics must often be formulated to elevated concentrations, making insufficient solubility a critical bottleneck in the drug development pipeline. Here, we report an ultrahigh-throughput microfluidic platform for protein solubility screening. In comparison with previous methods, this microfluidic platform can make, incubate, and measure samples in a few minutes, uses just 20 μg of protein (>10-fold improvement), and yields 10,000 data points (1000-fold improvement)...

BACKGROUND: Although the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) induces more rapid liver regeneration than portal vein embolization, the mechanism remains unclear. AIM: To assess the influence of inflammatory cytokines and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation on liver regeneration in ALPPS. METHODS: The future liver remnant/body weight (FLR/BW) ratio, hepatocyte proliferation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and activation of the Akt-eNOS pathway were evaluated in rat ALPPS and portal vein ligation (PVL) models...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important greenhouse and field-grown vegetable. During 2019 to 2021, a new bacterial pith necrosis broke out in tomato producing areas in China. The disease incidence rate in the field was approximately 10% to 30% in a few tomato planting areas of Guangdong province, and even 100% in Dianbai distinct, Maoming city. Diseased plants showed yellowing of the lower leaves, brown vascular tissues, and wilting along with brown necrotic spots and a large number of adventitious roots on the stem...

The heme enzyme chlorite dismutase (Cld) catalyzes the degradation of chlorite to chloride and dioxygen. Many questions about the molecular reaction mechanism of this iron protein have remained unanswered, including the electronic nature of the catalytically relevant oxoiron(IV) intermediate and its interaction with the distal, flexible, and catalytically active arginine. Here, we have investigated the dimeric Cld from Cyanothece sp. PCC7425 ( C Cld) and two variants having the catalytic arginine R127 (i) hydrogen-bonded to glutamine Q74 (wild-type C Cld), (ii) arrested in a salt bridge with a glutamate (Q74E), or (iii) being fully flexible (Q74V)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Status epilepticus (SE) results in permanent neuronal brain damage in the central nervous system. One of the complex etiologies underlying SE pathogenesis is neuroinflammation. Dapsone has been recently considered as a potential neuroprotective agent in neuroinflammatory conditions. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate effects of dapsone on lithium-pilocarpine-induced SE in rats and assess whether tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) pathway participate in this effect...

Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT)-5 is a prominent epigenetic regulator and therapeutic target. Recently, Krzyzanowski et al. identified stapled peptides that inhibit the interaction of PRMT5 with two of its adaptor proteins. This discovery creates opportunities for novel therapeutic development by selectively modulating PRMT5 activity.

Microplastics are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, and concern about microplastics functioning as vectors for coexisting environmental contaminants has been increasing. In this study, we evaluated the potential of microplastics as a vector for microcystins (MCs) in an aquatic environment. Six microplastics-polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyamide-6 (PA-6), polyvinyl chloride, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and polyethylene-were used in the experiments, and the PA-6 microplastics showed strong affinity toward the cyanotoxin microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) with an adsorption efficiency of 89...

Chitosan-decorated liposomes were proposed for the first time for the intranasal delivery of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) to the brain as a therapy for organophosphorus compounds (OPs) poisoning. Firstly, the chitosome composition based on phospholipids, cholesterol, chitosans (Cs) of different molecular weights, and its arginine derivative was developed and optimized. The use of the polymer modification led to an increase in the encapsulation efficiency toward rhodamine B (RhB; ~85%) and 2-PAM (~60%) by 20% compared to conventional liposomes...

Prothrombotic and proinflammatory properties of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to brain damage after ischemic stroke. CD21 is a novel phthalide neuroprotectant against cerebral ischemia in rodents. This study investigated effects of CD21 on the platelet-NET-thrombin axis and ischemic brain injury and the underlying mechanism. CD21 exerteddose-dependent neuroprotectionin rats that were subjected to2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion,dose-dependentlyinhibited adenosine diphosphate-mediatedplatelet aggregationin rats, and dose-dependentlyexertedanti-thrombotic activityin rodents that received a collagen-epinephrine combination, ferric chloride, or an arteriovenous shunt...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, with complex etiology, difficult treatment and poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential biomarkers for PAH based on bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: The GSE117261 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by screening PAH patients and controls...