eabr

Prime-boost regimens for COVID-19 vaccines elicit poor antibody responses against Omicron-based variants and employ frequent boosters to maintain antibody levels. We present a natural infection-mimicking technology that combines features of mRNA- and protein nanoparticle-based vaccines through encoding self-assembling enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs). eVLP assembly is achieved by inserting an ESCRT- and ALIX-binding region (EABR) into the SARS-CoV-2 spike cytoplasmic tail, which recruits ESCRT proteins to induce eVLP budding from cells...

The interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a significant role in influencing their performance, yet there is still scarce research focusing on their difficult-to-expose bottom interfaces. Herein, ethylammonium bromide (EABr) is introduced into the bottom interface and its passivation effects are studied directly. First, EABr can improve substrate wettability, which is beneficial for the perovskite-film deposition. By lifting off the perovskite film spontaneously from the substrate, it is found that EABr can significantly reduce the amount of unreacted PbI2 at the bottom interface...

Recalcitrant and toxicological membrane-making wastewater displays negative impacts on environment, and this is difficult to treat efficiently using conventional hydrolytic acidification. In this study, a novel electro-assisted biological reactor with micro-aerobic cathode (EABR-MAC) was developed to improve the biodegradation and ammonification of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in membrane-making wastewater, and the metabolic mechanism using metagenomic sequencing as comprehensively illustrated. The results showed that EABR-MAC significantly improved the ammonification of refractory organonitrogen and promoted DMF oxidative degradation by driving the electron transferred to the cathode...

Tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently attracted extensive attention as a promising alternative to lead-based counterparts due to their low toxicity and narrow band gap. However, the severe open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) loss remains one of the most significant obstacles to further improving photovoltaic performance. Herein, we report an effective approach to reducing the V oc loss of tin-based PSCs. We find that introducing ethylammonium bromide (EABr) as an additive into the tin perovskite film can effectively reduce defect density both in the tin perovskite film and at the surface as well as optimize the energy level alignment between the perovskite layer and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) transport material, thereby suppressing nonradiative recombination both in the bulk film and at the interface...

OBJECTIVE: Subjective promontory stimulation is used to evaluate cochlear implant (CI) candidacy, but the test reliability is low. Electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) can verify the function of the auditory system objectively. This study's procedure uses a trans-tympanic rounded bent-tip electrode to perform pre-operative EABR under local anaesthesia (LA-TT-EABR) using MED-EL Software and Hardware. This study aimed to determine usability and effectiveness for CI candidates...

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of intraoperative electrically stimulated auditory brainstem responses（EABR） in patients with neural deafness and tinnitus, and to analyze the inhibitory effect of cochlear implantation on tinnitus and its correlation with auditory evoked potential. Methods: Twenty-eight adult patients with neuronal deafness accompanied by tinnitus who underwent cochlear implant surgery in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2014 to 2015 were selected, and 10 age-matched patients without tinnitus with the same age were selected as the control group...

Significant changes in wastewater services are necessary for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs), by utilizing resource recovery, recycle, and reuse in urban wastewater-treatment plants. Based on recent experiences, to improve the filtration behavior of a membrane bioreactor, a hybrid system including an upgraded anaerobic baffled reactor coupled with an electrolysis process and a nanocomposite-membrane was developed. The system, called an anaerobic membrane bioreactor with electrolytic regeneration (AMBER), is a bio-electrochemical process that is expected to be simultaneously efficient in both biogas augmentation and fouling mitigation...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the evaluation value of electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) monitoring before cochlear implantation in patients with cochlear nerve defects (CND). METHODS: A total of 54 patients with cochlear nerve defects who underwent cochlear implantation in our hospital from 2011 to 2018 were selected as the CND group, and 20 patients with normal cochlear implantation were selected as the control group. The preoperative audiological characteristics, EABR characteristics and follow-up neural response telemetry results of the two groups were retrospectively analysed, and the preoperative EABR threshold and initiation C value were subjected to linear regression and correlation analysis...

Obtaining good-quality perovskite thin films is a fundamental facet that contributes to efficient inorganic perovskite solar cells. Herein, we successfully deposited ethylammonium bromide (EABr) additive-assisted high quality γ- CsPbI2 Br perovskite films under ambient conditions. Detailed morphological, structural, optical, charge transport, photovoltaic performance, and stability properties have been studied. It is observed that the EABr additive helps to retard the crystal growth of perovskite films to produce a highly crystalline perovskite film with microsized grains (>1 μm) and with reduced grain boundaries...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the applicability of electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) registration for the estimation of neural integrity after cochlear implantation (CI) in children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and to compare the eABR data with patient's hearing performance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 4 children, Nucleus (Cochlear) CI users, with ANSD were enrolled in the study. Hearing performance in these children ranged from successful to unsatisfied...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze binaural integration, we used a new stimulation mode of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR), to reflect bilaterally implanted cochlear function. DESIGN: EABR was tested using the following procedure: First, both ears were evaluated separately, with the contralateral speech processor closed (C), followed by another measurement with both processors open (O). Subsequently, the eV latencies and amplitudes were assessed. The Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ), Categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scores were used to assess binaural hearing ability subjectively...

Tin (Sn)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention because they are more environmentally friendly than lead-based PSCs. However, the fast crystallization of Sn-based perovskite films and the easy oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ hinder the improvement of their efficiency and stability. In this work, ethylammonium bromide (EABr) was added to methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3 ) perovskite precursor solution to regulate the crystallization dynamics and improve the film morphology. The results show that the large EA+ ions slow down the crystallization process of Sn-based perovskites and form a smooth perovskite film with high crystallinity, while the added Br- anions further improved the crystallinity and orientation of the perovskite film...

BACKGROUND: The vestibular aqueduct (VA) width may affect the auditory conduction pathway of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) children. OBJECTIVE: Analyzing the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) after cochlear implantation (CI) in severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) children with LVAS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four children with SNHL who received CI were selected, including 21 children with LVAS and 33 children without inner ear malformations (IEMs)...

Auditory Brainstem Implants have been recommended as the gold standard in hearing rehabilitation of Neurofibromatosis Type 2 patients who lose hearing completely in both the ears and the cochlear nerves are not stimulable. Some patients have undergone cochlear implantation, in whom the cochlear nerve was spared during surgery or have undergone stereotactic radiotherapy preserving the function of the cochlear nerve. Here we report a case in whom we chose cochlear implantation prior to any definitive treatment for the tumour itself during the 'wait and watch' period...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize a cohort of patients with nonauditory side-effects (NASx) following cochlear implant (CI) surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: One hundred twenty three multichannel CI recipients with intraoperative facial nerve stimulation (FNS). INTERVENTIONS: Intraoperative electrical auditory brainstem responses (eABR) during CI surgery...

We estimated the electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response thresholds (eABR THRs) in response to multi-pulses with high burst rate of 10,000 pulses-per-second (pps). Growth functions of wave eV amplitudes, root mean square (RMS) values, peak of phase-locking value (PLV), and the lowest valid data point (LVDP) were calculated in 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 16-pulses conditions. The growth functions were then fitted and extrapolated with linear and exponential functions to find eABR THRs. The estimated THRs were compared to psychophysical THRs determined for multi-pulse conditions as well as to the clinical THRs measured behaviorally at the rate of 1,000 pps...

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) often results in profound hearing loss and cochlear implantation is an emerging hearing rehabilitation option. However, cochlear implant (CI) outcomes in this population vary, and intraoperative monitoring to predict cochlear nerve viability and subsequent outcomes is not well-established. OBJECTIVE: To review the use of intraoperative electrically evoked cochlear nerve monitoring in patients with NF2 simultaneous translabyrinthine (TL) vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection and cochlear implantation...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the usefulness of measuring the electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (eABRs) to electrical stimulation at the round window niche (RWN) and round window membrane (RWM) and the effect of deafness duration on functions of the auditory pathway to the level of the brainstem. METHODS: According to the age at cochlear implantation (CI), 99 children with profound sensorineural hearing loss were divided into four groups: ≤12 months (group A), 13-36 months (group B), 37-60 months (group C) and >60 months (group D)...

INTRODUCTION: Electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses provide reliable clinical information to assist professionals in the auditory rehabilitation of cochlear implant users. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate intraoperative evoked auditory brainstem response recordings in Evo®-cochlear implant electrode array recipients and its correlation with their behavioral levels and auditory performance. METHODS: This is a retrospectivey study...

Cochlear implants are considered the gold standard therapy for subjects with severe hearing loss and deafness. Cochlear implants bypass the damaged hair cells and directly stimulate spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) of the auditory nerve. Hence, the presence of functional SGNs is crucial for speech perception in electric hearing with a cochlear implant. In deaf individuals, SGNs progressively degenerate due to the lack of neurotrophic support, normally provided by sensory cells of the inner ear. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are known to produce neurotrophic factors...