bone repair

Apoptosis releases numerous apoptotic vesicles that regulate processes such as cell proliferation, immunity, and tissue regeneration and repair. Now, it has also emerged as an attractive candidate for biotherapeutics. However, apoptotic vesicles encompass a diverse range of subtypes, and it remains unclear which specific subtypes play a pivotal role. In this study, we successfully isolated different apoptotic vesicle subtypes based on their sizes and characterized them using NTA and TEM techniques, respectively...

Objective: This study evaluated the outcome of a broad palisade cartilage graft in the repair of subtotal perforation. Study Design: Prospective case series. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of 43 patients with subtotal perforations who underwent an endoscopic broad palisade cartilage graft procedure that did not include raising a tympanomeatal flap. The patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: The 43 patients (43 ears) included in this study had a mean operation time of 38.6 ± 7...

Commonly, articular osteochondral tissue exists significant differences in physiological architecture, mechanical function, and biological microenvironment. However, the development of biomimetic scaffolds incorporating upper cartilage, middle tidemark-like, and lower subchondral bone layers for precise articular osteochondral repair remains elusive. This study proposed here a novel strategy to construct the trilayered biomimetic hydrogel scaffolds with dual-differential microenvironment of both mechanical and biological factors...

Insufficient initial vascularization plays a pivotal role in the ineffectiveness of bone biomaterials for treating bone defects. Consequently, enhancing the angiogenic properties of bone repair biomaterials holds immense importance in augmenting the efficacy of bone regeneration. In this context, we have successfully engineered a composite hydrogel capable of promoting vascularization in the process of bone regeneration. To achieve this, the researchers first prepared an aminated bioactive glass containing zinc ions (AZnBg), and hyaluronic acid contains aldehyde groups (HA-CHO)...

The treatment of bone tissue defects remains a complicated clinical challenge. Recently, the bone tissue engineering (BTE) technology has become an important therapeutic approach for bone defect repair. Researchers have improved the scaffolds, cells, and bioactive factors used in BTE through various existing bone repair material preparation strategies. However, due to insufficient vascularization, inadequate degradation, and fibrous wrapping, most BTE scaffolds impede new bone ingrowth and the reconstruction of grid-like connections in the middle and late stages of bone repair...

INTRODUCTION: The use of the dorsal hamate as a free osteochondral bone graft or vascularized bone flap has become the mainstay for large, comminuted middle phalanx volar lip fractures. To date, few studies have been conducted in the assessment of donor site morbidity for the hemi-hamate graft or flap, and none have discussed modes of repair or reconstruction of this donor site. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 14 hemi-hamate arthroplasty (HHA) procedures, including 6 vascularized and 8 non-vascularized grafts, from two surgeons was performed...

BACKGROUND: In transtendinous full thickness rotator cuff tears (FTRCT) with remnant cuff, conventionally, cuff remnant of the greater tuberosity (GT) is debrided for better tendon to bone healing. However, larger cuff defect caused overtension on the repaired tendon. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and tendon integrity between remnant preserving and remnant debriding cuff repairs in the transtendinous FTRCT with remnant cuff. METHODS: From March, 2012 to October, 2017, a total of 127 patients who had the transtendinous FTRCT with remnant cuff were enrolled in this study...

The aim of this split-mouth randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical outcomes (operative time, edema, trismus, and pain), the immediate histological effects, the alveolar repair (2 and 4 months), and the quality of life after the extraction of impacted third molars using high-speed pneumatic and electrical rotation. Sixteen patients underwent extraction of the two mandibular third molars with a minimum interval of 15 days. On one side of the participant's mouth, high-speed pneumatic rotation was used (Control Group-CG) while for the other side, high-speed electrical rotation was used (Study Group-SG)...

BACKGROUND: Revision of tumor-type prosthetic fractures is very challenging in clinical work. Traditional repair methods may not be able to meet the needs of complex cases or cause greater bone damage. Therefore, more effective and reliable solutions need to be found. CASE PRESENTATION: This study presents a novel revision technique for managing fractures of tumor-type total elbow prostheses. A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with a left distal humeral bone tumor accompanied by pathological fracture and underwent customized tumor-type total elbow prosthesis arthroplasty...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and the influence of Notch/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. METHODS: A total of 40 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected to establish T 10 -segment SCI model by a free falling object. Among them, 32 successful models were randomly divided into model group and bFGF group, with 16 in each group...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology in the repairing of wound in the lateral toe flap donor area. METHODS: Between June 2020 and February 2023, antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology was used to repair lateral toe flap donor area in 10 patients with a total of 11 wounds, including 7 males and 3 females. The patients' age ranged from 21 to 63 years, with an average of 40...

BACKGROUND: Some children and adolescents can develop persistent pain and instability following inversion injuries of the ankle. In these cases, imaging exams could reveal small bone fragments distal to the lateral malleolus. For these patients, regular conservative treatment may not be successful, requiring additional management, which can include surgical treatment. This study aimed to present the short-to-midterm functional and clinical outcomes of a series of 12 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent ligament repair surgery due to chronic instability associated with the presence of osseous components in the lateral ligaments...

The treatment of non-healing wounds, such as diabetic ulcers, remains a critical clinical challenge. Recent breakthroughs in cell therapy have shown great promise, with one primary focus on preparing cells with comprehensive reparative functions and foreseeable safety. In our previous study, we recapitulated the pro-regenerative and immunosuppressive functions of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in non-tumor-derived macrophages, endowing the latter with characteristics for promoting diabetic wound healing - termed TAMs-educated macrophages (TAMEMs)...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to skeletal changes, including bone loss in the unfractured skeleton, and paradoxically accelerates healing of bone fractures; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. TBI is associated with a hyperadrenergic state characterized by increased norepinephrine release. Here, we identified the β2 -adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) as a mediator of skeletal changes in response to increased norepinephrine. In a murine model of femoral osteotomy combined with cortical impact brain injury, TBI was associated with ADRB2-dependent enhanced fracture healing compared with osteotomy alone...

Advanced stages of breast cancer are frequently complicated by bone metastases, which cause significant cancer-related bone destruction and mortality. However, the early precise theranostics of bone metastasis remains a formidable challenge in clinical practice. Herein,a novel all-in-one nanotheranostic system (ABI NYs) combining NIR-II FL/PA dual-modal imaging with photothermal-immunity therapeutic functionalities in one component was designed to precisely localize bone metastasis microscopic lesions and achieve complete tumor ablation at an early stage...

Deletions of chromosome 1p (del(1p)) are a recurrent genomic aberration associated with poor outcome in Multiple myeloma (MM.) TRIM33, an E3 ligase and transcriptional co-repressor, is located within a commonly deleted region at 1p13.2. TRIM33 is reported to play a role in the regulation of mitosis and PARP-dependent DNA damage response (DDR), both of which are important for maintenance of genome stability. Here, we demonstrate that MM patients with loss of TRIM33 exhibit increased chromosomal instability and poor outcome...

Angiogenesis is pivotal for osteogenesis during bone regeneration. A hydrogel that promotes both angiogenesis and osteogenesis is essential in bone tissue engineering. However, creating scaffolds with the ideal balance of biodegradability, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties poses a challenge. Thymosin beta 10 (TMSB10), known for its dual role in angiogenesis and osteogenesis differentiation, faces limitations due to protein activity preservation. To tackle this issue, ZIF-8 was engineered as a carrier for TMSB10 (TMSB10@ZIF-8), and subsequently integrated into the self-assembled sericin hydrogel...

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma (NTAPP) is attracting widespread interest for use in medical applications. The tissue repair capacity of NTAPP has been reported in various fields; however, little is known about its effect on fracture healing. Non-union or delayed union after a fracture is a clinical challenge. In this study, we aimed to investigate how NTAPP irradiation promotes fracture healing in a non-union fracture model and its underlying mechanism, in vitro and in vivo. For the in vivo study, we created normal and non-union fracture models in LEW/SsNSlc rats to investigate the effects of NTAPP...

This narrative review systematically explores the progression of materials and techniques in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). We commence by delineating the evolution from traditional ARP methods to cutting-edge alternatives, including platelet-rich fibrin, injectable bone repair materials, and hydrogel systems. Critical examination of various studies reveals these innovative approaches not only accelerate bone healing but also significantly improve patient-reported outcomes, such as satisfaction, pain perception, and overall quality of life...

The periosteum, rich in neurovascular networks, bone progenitor cells, and stem cells, is vital for bone repair. Current artificial periosteal materials face challenges in mechanical strength, bacterial infection, and promoting osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis. To address these issues, we adjusted the electrospinning ratio of poly-ε-caprolactone and chitosan and incorporated Zn doping whitlockite with polydopamine coating into a nanofiber membrane. After a series of characterizations, optimal results were achieved with a poly-ε-caprolactone: chitosan ratio of 8:1 and 5% nanoparticle content...