erythema nodosum

BACKGROUND: Erythema induratum (EI) is a tuberculid associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection. TB has been identified in Taiwan with a high percentage of EI using PCR. However, this pathogen has rarely been detected recently. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between EI, annual incidence of tuberculosis in Taiwan, and treatment outcomes over the past two decades. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with EI between 2001 and 2020 were enrolled based on histopathology, tissue culture, and TB-PCR tests...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated the coexistence of erythema nodosum (EN) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), while the exact etiology of the co-occurrence of the two disorders remains uncertain. METHODS: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was employed to determine the causal link between EN and IBD. Genetic variations associated with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were derived from accessible genome-wide association studies pertaining to European ancestry...

OBJECTIVES: To characterize joint involvement (JI) in sarcoidosis, a systematic search of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to July 2022 for publications reporting its prevalence, pattern, treatment and outcome. METHODS: The pooled prevalence estimates (PPE) with 95% confidence interval were calculated using binomial distribution and random effects. Meta-regression method was used to examine factors affecting heterogeneity between studies...

Hansen's disease, commonly known as leprosy, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Being rare in developed countries, it is an increasingly common imported disease due to the migratory flow from countries where it is endemic. We present the case of a 21-year-old man who went to the emergency department with complaints of additive polyarthralgia involving large joints, papules, and erythematous plaques on the limbs with bullae and central necrosis and fever with chills for one week. Skin biopsy was performed revealing neutrophilic infiltrate with perineural granulomas...

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease that most commonly affects the lungs, lymphatic system, eyes, and skin but any organ may be involved. Cutaneous sarcoidosis most commonly presents as pink-red to red-brown papules and plaques that commonly affect the head and neck. With the skin being readily accessible for evaluation and biopsy, when sarcoidosis is suspected, dermatologic evaluation may be helpful for establishing a definitive diagnosis. Treatment strategy depends on the severity and distribution of skin lesions and should incorporate patient preference and treatment considerations for other organs that may be involved...

Crohn's Disease (CD) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease and is characterized by an immune-mediated nature. Its etiology results from the interaction between genetic, enviromental and microbial factors. Regarding pathophysiology, it involves high levels of interleukin (IL)-12, IL-17, and Th1 profile, along with loss of tolerance mechanisms, an increase in pro-inflammatory interleukins, beyond the possibility to affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its symptoms include abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, weight loss, anorexia, and fatigue, as well as blood in the stool or rectum...

Sarcoidosis is an autoimmune multisystemic granulomatous disease with an unknown etiology. Löfgren syndrome (LS), an infrequent initial presentation of acute sarcoidosis, is characterized by the classic triad of acute arthritis, erythema nodosum (EN), and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL). The presence of this triad offers high diagnostic specificity for sarcoidosis, eliminating the need for a confirmatory biopsy. Typically, LS follows a predictable, self-limiting clinical course. However, atypical presentations require early suspicion and closer monitoring...

Mycobacterium leprae infects skin and peripheral nerves causing a broad of clinical forms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control immune mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy as well as to target genes leading to abnormal proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of cells. Herein we evaluated miRNAs expression for leprosy phenotypes in biopsies obtained from patients with and without reactions. We also correlated those miRNAs with both, bacillary index (BI) and genes involved in the micobacteria elimination process. Our results show a significant increase in the miR-125a-3p expression in paucibacillary (PB) patients vs multibacillary (MB) subjects (p = 0...

Coccidioidomycosis, also termed Valley fever, is a fungal infection caused by the inhalation of Coccidioides endospores. Once inhaled by a human host, the arthroconidia endospores travel to the lungs' alveoli to transform into spherules that grow and rupture to release more endospores. In the host immune response, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells will recognize the fungal antigen, producing pro-inflammatory cytokine. Th2 lymphocytes (type 2 helper T cells) are theorized to be the main human defense against Coccidioides given that Th2 deficiency is seen in patients with disseminated forms of the disease...

Introduction Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common form of panniculitis that predominantly affects the shins. While EN in atypical sites has been described by many authors, there are currently only case studies published on this topic. This study aimed to evaluate clinical differences between patients suffering from EN on the shins, compared to patients with EN in atypical locations. Methods We analyzed 105 patients in a retrospective, single-center study at a University Hospital in Switzerland. Typical EN was defined as lesions, found only on the lower legs, while atypical EN as lesions on the upper legs, trunk, arms, or face, only or in addition to lesions on the lower legs...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Leprosy is a chronic infection caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae . This is a prevalent disease in low-income countries, and it has not been completely eradicated. We present the case of a 29-year-old man with a previous diagnosis of Hansen's disease, who consulted for pain in the left elbow and wrist, associated with fever with preserved mobility and pain on palpation. Diagnosis of mononeuropathy of the ulnar nerve was made by MRI of the elbow and forearm. This entity corresponds to an infrequent complication of this infection with few cases reported in the literature...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Granulomatous mastitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the breast, which can be either idiopathic or due to secondary etiology. This disease affects women of reproductive age. The exact pathophysiology underlying idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) remains unclear, but it is believed to be mediated by immunological processes. Establishing a diagnosis of this condition could be challenging due to the long list of differential diagnoses that it creates...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Erythema nodosum (EN) is characterized by rapidly developing, painful, erythematous subcutaneous nodules, most of which are located in the pretibial areas. This cutaneous finding can be caused by a variety of conditions, however Burkholderia pseudomallei is rarely the cause. This particular patient presented with a high-grade fever with characteristic EN on both pretibial areas. All of the typical EN causes were investigated, but the findings were all negative. The lesions progressed to severe hemorrhagic bleb features, and because the patient resided in Northeast Thailand, a melioidosis-endemic region, testing for B...

A 32-year-old woman at 17 weeks' gestation presented with fever and a 1-week history of an acute nodular eruption involving her legs, along with bilateral ankle and knee pain. She also had had a recurrent right breast abscess for 2 months for which she had been treated with oral antibiotics and surgical drainage, but with slight improvement. Cultures of the abscess showed no bacteria or fungi. She had no history of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, trauma to the breast, or a family history of breast pathology. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple, tender, erythematous, subcutaneous nodules on her legs (Figure 1) and an ill-defined tender mass involving the inferior quadrant of the right breast without nipple discharge or retraction...

The burden of group A streptococcus (GAS) infection and its rheumatic sequelae remains dramatically high, especially in low-income countries. Recently, an increased number of Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) cases was documented in many regions of Italy. The diagnosis of rheumatic sequelae relies on clinical signs and on the evaluation of the Antistreptolysin O titre (ASO), whose variations are globally reported. To re-examine the standard reference value of ASO titre, by measuring either its upper limit of normal (ULN) in a population of healthy children (HC) or comparing these values with streptococcal antibodies registered in a cohort of patients affected by the rheumatic sequelae of GAS infection...

Sarcoidosis is notorious for producing a wide variety of skin lesions, which are categorized as either specific or nonspecific. The specific lesions include primary morphologies ranging from micropapules to subcutaneous nodules. Nonspecific skin lesions include associated conditions like erythema nodosum, calcinosis cutis, and prurigo. It is not uncommon for a patient to have a combination of specific and nonspecific lesions. In contrast, it is exceedingly rare for one patient to have multiple specific sarcoidal lesions...

BACKGROUND: Behcet disease (BD) as a variable vessel vasculitis is mainly characterized by ocular involvement, genital and oral aphthosis, and erythema nodosum. However, major organ involvements including gastrointestinal involvement, nervous system, and vascular involvement are among the severe complications. Osteonecrosis is a rare complication of patients with BD. We aim to report the largest series of BD patients suffering from osteonecrosis. METHODS: We have retrospectively reviewed all patients in Iran Behcet's Disease Registry and reported those with osteonecrosis...

Erythema nodosum (EN) is a type of panniculitis occurring due to various conditions. It can be associated with certain malignancies or manifest as a side effect of drugs. This article presents a unique case of EN in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-blast phase) following dasatinib and chemotherapy. Timely recognition and appropriate management are crucial to alleviate symptoms and consider potential drug-induced etiology.