Interaction

Neurons in the cerebral cortex receive thousands of synaptic inputs per second from thousands of presynaptic neurons. How the dendritic location of inputs, their timing, strength, and presynaptic origin, in conjunction with complex dendritic physiology, impact the transformation of synaptic input into action potential (AP) output remains generally unknown for in vivo conditions. Here, we introduce a computational approach to reveal which properties of the input causally underlie AP output, and how this neuronal input-output computation is influenced by the morphology and biophysical properties of the dendrites...

Laboratory model organisms have provided a window into how the immune system functions. An increasing body of evidence, however, suggests that the immune responses of naive laboratory animals may differ substantially to those of their wild counterparts. Past exposure, environmental challenges and physiological condition may all impact on immune responsiveness. Chronic infections of soil-transmitted helminths, which we define as establishment of adult, fecund worms, impose significant health burdens on humans, livestock and wildlife, with limited treatment success...

The move from a free-living environment to a long-term residence inside a host eukaryotic cell has profound effects on bacterial function. While endosymbioses are found in many eukaryotes, from protists to plants to animals, the bacteria that form these host-beneficial relationships are even more diverse. Endosymbiont genomes can become radically smaller than their free-living relatives, and their few remaining genes show extreme compositional biases. The details of how these reduced and divergent gene sets work, and how they interact with their host cell, remain mysterious...

The fourth most frequent type of cancer in women and the leading cause of mortality for females worldwide is cervical cancer. Traditionally, medicinal plants have been utilized to treat various illnesses and ailments. The molecular docking method is used in the current study to look into the phytoconstituents of Juglans regia's possible anticancer effects on cervical cancer target proteins. This work uses the microarray dataset analysis of GSE63678 from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database to find differentially expressed genes...

Orobanche foetida Poiret is the main constraint facing faba bean crop in Tunisia. Indeed, in heavily infested fields with this parasitic plant, yield losses may reach 90%, and the recent estimation of the infested area is around 80,000 ha. Identifying genes involved in the Vicia faba/O. foetida interaction is crucial for the development of effective faba bean breeding programs. However, there is currently no available information on the transcriptome of faba bean responding to O. foetida parasitism. In this study, we employed RNA sequencing to explore the global gene expression changes associated with compatible and incompatible V...

ConspectusThe growing list of physiologically important protein-protein interactions (PPIs) has amplified the need for compounds to target topologically complex biomolecular surfaces. In contrast to small molecules, peptide and protein mimics can exhibit three-dimensional shape complementarity across a large area and thus have the potential to significantly expand the "druggable" proteome. Strategies to stabilize canonical protein secondary structures without sacrificing side-chain content are particularly useful in the design of peptide-based chemical probes and therapeutics...

Previous studies have highlighted that temporal source memory can be influenced by factors such as the individual's age and the emotional valence of the event to be remembered. In this study, we investigated how the different points of view (POVs) from which an event is presented could interact with the relationship between age-related differences and emotional valence on temporal source memory. One hundred and forty-one younger adults (aged 18-30) and 90 older adults (aged 65-74) were presented with a series of emotional videos shot from different POVs (first vs...

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common worldwide age-related neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatments. Cuproptosis is a newly proposed conception of cell death extensively studied in oncological diseases. Currently, whether cuproptosis contributes to PD remains largely unclear. METHODS: The dataset GSE22491 was studied as the training dataset, and GSE100054 was the validation dataset. According to the expression levels of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PD patients and normal samples, we obtained the differentially expressed CRGs...

BACKGROUND: The effect of dyslipidemia on kidney disease outcomes has been inconclusive, and it requires further clarification. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of genetic factors on the association between dyslipidemia and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) using polygenic risk score (PRS). METHODS: We analyzed data from 373,523 participants from the UK Biobank aged 40-69 years with no history of CKD. Baseline data included plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride, as well as genome-wide genotype data for PRS...

Iron (Fe) is a crucial micronutrient needed in many metabolic processes. To balance needs and potential toxicity, plants control the amount of Fe they take up and allocate to leaves and seeds during their development. One important regulator of this process is POPEYE (PYE). PYE is a Fe deficiency-induced key bHLH transcription factor (TF) for allocation of internal Fe in plants. In the absence of PYE, there is altered Fe translocation and plants develop a leaf chlorosis. NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE4 (NAS4), FERRIC-REDUCTION OXIDASE3 (FRO3), and ZINC-INDUCED FACILITATOR1 (ZIF1) genes are expressed at higher level in pye-1 indicating that PYE represses these genes...

The NIMH-funded Multilevel Community-Based Mental Health Intervention to Address Structural Inequities and Adverse Disparate Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic on Latinx Immigrants and African Refugees study aims to advance the science of multilevel interventions to reduce the disparate, adverse mental health, behavioral, and socioeconomic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic that are a result of complex interactions between underlying structural inequities and barriers to health care. The study tests three nested levels of intervention: 1) an efficacious 4-month advocacy and mutual learning model (Refugee and Immigrant Well-being Project, RIWP); 2) engagement with community-based organizations (CBOs); and 3) structural policy changes enacted in response to the pandemic...

Income inequality is an essential cause of violence, stagnant development, and political instability. This study will examine the positive and negative shocks in tourism development, and the distribution of the interaction between tourism development, economic growth, human capital, globalization, and income inequality will be discussed in Singapore, a developed and top-visited country. By adopting autoregressive distributed lag and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag approaches for panel data from 1978 to 2022, the results indicate an asymmetric cointegration among variables, and positive and negative changes in tourism development lead to decreased income inequality...

Social media platforms provide the public with a forum for interaction and communication with tourism destinations, playing a significant role in the shaping and dissemination of destination images. Similarly, social media plays a vital role in the construction and propagation of online images for higher education institutions. For instance, indicators such as likes, shares, and visits on Weibo can serve as measures of public engagement with university social media. To reveal the triggering rules of social media engagement by projected images of destinations and related factors, this paper builds a Bayesian model using data from posts and interactions on the official Sina Weibo account of a Chinese university from 2018 to 2023...

Maintaining cognitive capacity through adulthood has been the target of many recent studies that have examined the influence of lifestyle choices such as exercise, diet, and sleeping habits. Many of these studies have focused on a single factor (e.g., diet) and its effect on cognitive abilities; however, humans make numerous lifestyle choices every single day, many of which interact and influence each other. Here, we investigated whether combinations of lifestyle choices can predict better or worse cognitive performance in the general population, and whether optimal combinations of choices existed depending on the cognitive domain...

Although Schwann cells have been found to play a key role in inflammation and repair following nerve injury, the exact pathway is still unknown. To explore the mechanism by which Schwann cells exert their effects in the neuron microenvironment, we investigated two main inflammatory pathways: the NF-κB and cAMP pathways, and their downstream signaling molecules. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial endotoxin, was used to activate the NF-κB pathway, and forskolin, a plant extract, was used to activate the cAMP pathway...

BACKGROUND: The Awakening, Breathing Coordination, Delirium monitoring and Early mobility bundle (ABCDE) is associated with lower mortality for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, efforts to improve ABCDE are variably successful, possibly due to lack of clarity about who are the team members interacting when caring for each patient, each shift. Lack of patient shift-level information regarding who is interacting with whom limits the ability to tailor interventions to the specific ICU team to improve ABCDE...

INTRODUCTION: Exercise produces an immediate lessening of pain sensitivity (Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia (EIH)) in healthy individuals at local and distant sites, possibly through a shared mechanism with conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Dynamic resistance exercise is a recommended type of exercise to reduce pain, yet limited research has examined the effects of intensity on EIH during this type of exercise. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to compare changes in PPT at a local and distant site during a leg extension exercise at a high intensity, a low intensity, or a quiet rest condition...

BACKGROUND: Telerehabilitation is a term to describe rehabilitation services delivered via information and communication technology. Such services are an increasingly important component for the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). Telerehabilitation has the potential to expand the long-term self-management options for individuals with RMDs, improve symptoms, and relieve pressures on health care services. Yet, little is known about the variety of interventions implemented, and how they are being evaluated...

System Thinking is an actual construct supported by several scientific evidence that offer a perspective on how phenomena relate. Rhythm methodology, teaching-learning, and enjoyment in physical education are the main system elements we hypothesize interacting closely to determine direct or mediated effects on motor creativity and rhythmic perceptive capacity. Seventy-six elementary and middle school students (8.9 ± 2.1 years) were randomly assigned to two groups: a) an intervention group that received a physical education lesson based on rhythmic methodology and b) a control group that received conventional lessons without specific rhythmic interventions...

More and more evidence shows that abnormal lipid metabolism leads to immune system dysfunction in AMD and promotes the occurrence of AMD by changing the homeostasis of ocular inflammation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of lipid metabolism on the phenotype and function of macrophages is still unclear, and the mechanism of association between AMD and cancer and COVID-19 has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the interaction between lipid metabolism related genes, ferroptosis related genes and immunity in AMD, find out the key genes that affect the ferroptosis of AMD through lipid metabolism pathway and the molecular mechanism that mediates the action of macrophages, and find out the possible mechanism of lipid metabolism and potential co-therapeutic targets between AMD and cancer and COVID-19, so as to improve treatment decision-making and clinical results...