keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441612/the-cognitive-relevance-of-non-lesional-damage-to-cortical-networks-in-people-with-multiple-sclerosis
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva A Krijnen, Tommy A A Broeders, Samantha Noteboom, Maureen van Dam, Albulena Bajrami, Piet M Bouman, Frederik Barkhof, Bernard M J Uitdehaag, Eric C Klawiter, Ismail Koubiyr, Menno M Schoonheim
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment, a common and debilitating symptom in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), is especially related to cortical damage. However, the impact of regional cortical damage remains poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate structural (network) integrity in lesional and non-lesional cortex in people with MS, and its relationship with cognitive dysfunction. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 176 people with MS and 48 healthy controls underwent MRI, including double inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted scans, and neuropsychological assessment...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438828/disentangling-cerebellar-and-parietal-contributions-to-gait-and-body-schema-a-repetitive-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Margherita Bertuccelli, Patrizia Bisiacchi, Alessandra Del Felice
The overlap between motor and cognitive signs resulting from posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and cerebellar lesions can mask their relative contribution in the sensorimotor integration process. This study aimed to identify distinguishing motor and cognitive features to disentangle PPC and cerebellar involvement in two sensorimotor-related functions: gait and body schema representation. Thirty healthy volunteers were enrolled and randomly assigned to PPC or cerebellar stimulation. Sham stimulation and 1 Hz-repetitive-Transcranial-Magnetic-Stimulation were delivered over P3 or cerebellum before a balance and a walking distance estimation task...
March 5, 2024: Cerebellum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436465/altered-white-matter-functional-pathways-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yilu Li, Jinzhong Peng, Zhenzhen Yang, Fanyu Zhang, Lin Liu, Pan Wang, Bharat B Biswal
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with functional disruption in gray matter (GM) and structural damage to white matter (WM), but the relationship to functional signal in WM is unknown. We performed the functional connectivity (FC) and graph theory analysis to investigate abnormalities of WM and GM functional networks and corpus callosum among different stages of AD from a publicly available dataset. Compared to the controls, AD group showed significantly decreased FC between the deep WM functional network (WM-FN) and the splenium of corpus callosum, between the sensorimotor/occipital WM-FN and GM visual network, but increased FC between the deep WM-FN and the GM sensorimotor network...
March 1, 2024: Cerebral Cortex
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431998/promoting-emotional-and-behavioral-interventions-in-asd-treatment-evidence-from-epigram-a-naturalistic-prospective-and-longitudinal-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlotta Bettencourt, Nicole Garret-Gloanec, Hugues Pellerin, PereMorgane Péré, Giulio Bertamini, Maria Squillante, Fabienne Roos-Weil, Léa Ferrand, Anne-Sophie Pernel, Gisèle Apter, Mohamed Chetouani, Samuele Cortese, David Cohen
BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors from naturalistic treatment studies of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify baseline and treatment-related prognostic predictors at 1-year follow-up after Integrative Care Practices (ICPs). METHODS: Eighty-nine preschool children with severe ASD were given ICP combining nine therapeutic workshops based on children's needs. Participants were assessed at baseline and during 12 months follow-up with the Psycho-educational Profile-3-R, Children Autism Rating Scale, Parental Global Impression, and the Autistic Behaviors Scale...
March 2, 2024: Research in Developmental Disabilities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425673/object-oriented-hand-dexterity-and-grasping-abilities-from-the-animal-quarters-to-the-neurosurgical-or-a-systematic-review-of-the-underlying-neural-correlates-in-non-human-human-primate-and-recent-findings-in-awake-brain-surgery
#25
Leonardo Tariciotti, Luca Mattioli, Luca Viganò, Matteo Gallo, Matteo Gambaretti, Tommaso Sciortino, Lorenzo Gay, Marco Conti Nibali, Alberto Gallotti, Gabriella Cerri, Lorenzo Bello, Marco Rossi
INTRODUCTION: The sensorimotor integrations subserving object-oriented manipulative actions have been extensively investigated in non-human primates via direct approaches, as intracortical micro-stimulation (ICMS), cytoarchitectonic analysis and anatomical tracers. However, the understanding of the mechanisms underlying complex motor behaviors is yet to be fully integrated in brain mapping paradigms and the consistency of these findings with intraoperative data obtained during awake neurosurgical procedures for brain tumor removal is still largely unexplored...
2024: Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425276/mesenchymal-stem-cells-reduce-long-term-cognitive-deficits-and-attenuate-myelin-disintegration-and-microglia-activation-following-repetitive-traumatic-brain-injury
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lan-Wan Wang, Chung-Ching Chio, Chien-Ming Chao, Pi-Yu Chao, Mao-Tsun Lin, Ching-Ping Chang, Hung-Jung Lin
The underlying mechanisms for the beneficial effects exerted by bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in treating repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI)-induced long-term sensorimotor/cognitive impairments are not fully elucidated. Herein, we aimed to explore whether BM-MSCs therapy protects against rTBI-induced long-term neurobehavioral disorders in rats via normalizing white matter integrity and gray matter microglial response. Rats were subjected to repeated mild lateral fluid percussion on day 0 and day 3...
2024: Science Progress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416720/multisensory-perception-depends-on-the-reliability-of-the-type-of-judgment
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christoph Kayser, Herbert Heuer
The brain engages the processes of multisensory integration and recalibration to deal with discrepant multisensory signals. These processes consider the reliability of each sensory input, with the more reliable modality receiving the stronger weight. Sensory reliability is typically assessed via the variability of participants' judgments, yet these can be shaped by factors both external and internal to the nervous system. For example, motor noise and participant's dexterity with the specific response method contribute to judgment variability, and different response methods applied to the same stimuli can result in different estimates of sensory reliabilities...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Neurophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38414549/propofol-anesthesia-improves-stroke-outcomes-over-isoflurane-anesthesia-a-longitudinal-multiparametric-mri-study-in-a-rodent-model-of-transient-middle-cerebral-artery-occlusion
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bart A A Franx, Geralda A F van Tilborg, Annette van der Toorn, Caroline L van Heijningen, Diederik W J Dippel, Irene C van der Schaaf, Rick M Dijkhuizen
General anesthesia is routinely used in endovascular thrombectomy procedures, for which volatile gas and/or intravenous propofol are recommended. Emerging evidence suggests propofol may have superior effects on disability and/or mortality rates, but a mode-of-action underlying these class-specific effects remains unknown. Here, a moderate isoflurane or propofol dosage on experimental stroke outcomes was retrospectively compared using serial multiparametric MRI and behavioral testing. Adult male rats ( N  = 26) were subjected to 90-min filament-induced transient middle cerebral artery occlusion...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413782/towards-unlocking-motor-control-in-spinal-cord-injured-by-applying-an-online-eeg-based-framework-to-decode-motor-intention-trajectory-and-error-processing
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeria Mondini, Andreea-Ioana Sburlea, Gernot R Müller-Putz
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can translate brain signals directly into commands for external devices. Electroencephalography (EEG)-based BCIs mostly rely on the classification of discrete mental states, leading to unintuitive control. The ERC-funded project "Feel Your Reach" aimed to establish a novel framework based on continuous decoding of hand/arm movement intention, for a more natural and intuitive control. Over the years, we investigated various aspects of natural control, however, the individual components had not yet been integrated...
February 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406779/role-of-kinetic-chain-in-sports-performance-and-injury-risk-a-narrative-review
#30
REVIEW
Haifa Saleh Almansoof, Shibili Nuhmani, Qassim Muaidi
The kinetic chain refers to the body's intricate coordination of various segments to perform a specific activity involving precise positioning, timing, and speed. This process is based on task-oriented and activity-specific pre-programmed muscle activation patterns enhanced by repeated practice. It demands muscular eccentric strength, joint flexibility, and musculotendinous elastic energy storage. The body core (lumbopelvic-hip complex) forms the kinetic chains' central point of activities in most sports because it facilitates load transfers to and from the limbs...
November 2023: Journal of Medicine and Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405888/functional-dynamics-and-selectivity-of-two-parallel-corticocortical-pathways-from-motor-cortex-to-layer-5-circuits-in-somatosensory-cortex
#31
Hye-Hyun Kim, Kelly E Bonekamp, Grant R Gillie, Dawn M Autio, Tryton Keller, Shane R Crandall
Long-range corticocortical pathways mediate direct interactions between the primary motor cortex (M1) and the somatosensory cortex (S1) and are likely critical for context-dependent sensory processing and sensorimotor integration. In the rodent whisker system, projections from M1 to S1 may be necessary for interpreting touch signals in the context of ongoing movement to drive behavior. However, understanding the function of these interareal interactions requires knowledge about the physiological properties of the synapses themselves and how specific classes of neurons integrate those signals...
February 12, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405751/how-muscle-synergies-fail-to-solve-the-muscle-redundancy-problem-during-human-reaching
#32
A S Korol, V Gritsenko
The production of movement involves integrating biomechanical, neural, and environmental factors. The biomechanics is complex enough that neural sensorimotor circuits must embed its dynamics for efficient and robust control. However, a problem of redundancy exists, i.e., the problem of choosing among multiple muscles and combinations of joint angles that are possible for a given desired hand position or motion. This problem may be resolved by reducing the dimensionality of the space of motor commands by the central nervous system, i...
February 14, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402616/organization-of-an-ascending-circuit-that-conveys-flight-motor-state-in-drosophila
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han S J Cheong, Kaitlyn N Boone, Marryn M Bennett, Farzaan Salman, Jacob D Ralston, Kaleb Hatch, Raven F Allen, Alec M Phelps, Andrew P Cook, Jasper S Phelps, Mert Erginkaya, Wei-Chung A Lee, Gwyneth M Card, Kevin C Daly, Andrew M Dacks
Natural behaviors are a coordinated symphony of motor acts that drive reafferent (self-induced) sensory activation. Individual sensors cannot disambiguate exafferent (externally induced) from reafferent sources. Nevertheless, animals readily differentiate between these sources of sensory signals to carry out adaptive behaviors through corollary discharge circuits (CDCs), which provide predictive motor signals from motor pathways to sensory processing and other motor pathways. Yet, how CDCs comprehensively integrate into the nervous system remains unexplored...
February 13, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401526/network-localization-of-state-and-trait-of-auditory-verbal-hallucinations-in-schizophrenia
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fan Mo, Han Zhao, Yifan Li, Huanhuan Cai, Yang Song, Rui Wang, Yongqiang Yu, Jiajia Zhu
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Neuroimaging studies investigating the neural substrates of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia have yielded mixed results, which may be reconciled by network localization. We sought to examine whether AVH-state and AVH-trait brain alterations in schizophrenia localize to common or distinct networks. STUDY DESIGN: We initially identified AVH-state and AVH-trait brain alterations in schizophrenia reported in 48 previous studies...
February 24, 2024: Schizophrenia Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38400578/understanding-functional-brain-reorganization-for-naturalistic-piano-playing-in-novice-pianists
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alicja M Olszewska, Maciej Gaca, Dawid Droździel, Agnieszka Widlarz, Aleksandra M Herman, Artur Marchewka
Learning to play the piano is a unique complex task, integrating multiple sensory modalities and higher order cognitive functions. Longitudinal neuroimaging studies on adult novice musicians show training-related functional changes in music perception tasks. The reorganization of brain activity while actually playing an instrument was studied only on a very short time frame of a single fMRI session, and longer interventions have not yet been performed. Thus, our aim was to investigate the dynamic complexity of functional brain reorganization while playing the piano within the first half year of musical training...
February 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38397303/theoretical-methodological-foundations-for-the-global-integration-method-m%C3%A3-todo-de-integra%C3%A3-%C3%A3-o-global-mig-in-the-treatment-of-autism-spectrum-disorder
#36
REVIEW
Renato Guimarães Loffi, Thalita Karla Flores Cruz, Giulia Moreira Paiva, Deisiane Oliveira Souto, Simone Rosa Barreto, Patrícia Aparecida Neves Santana, Amanda Aparecida Alves Cunha Nascimento, Fabiana Rachel Martins Costa, Elisa Braz Cota, Vitor Geraldi Haase
Currently, there is no intervention model for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that addresses all levels and factors of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF, WHO). The most researched programs focus on naturalistic, developmental and behavioral approaches to socio-communication. Less attention has been paid to motor and environmental reactivity aspects (behavior/interest restriction and sensory reactivity). The evidence rationale for the Global Integration Method (MIG, "Método de Integração Global"), a model addressing sensorimotor reactivity in addition to socio-communication, is presented...
February 2, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394198/reward-based-option-competition-in-human-dorsal-stream-and-transition-from-stochastic-exploration-to-exploitation-in-continuous-space
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael N Hallquist, Kai Hwang, Beatriz Luna, Alexandre Y Dombrovski
Primates exploring and exploiting a continuous sensorimotor space rely on dynamic maps in the dorsal stream. Two complementary perspectives exist on how these maps encode rewards. Reinforcement learning models integrate rewards incrementally over time, efficiently resolving the exploration/exploitation dilemma. Working memory buffer models explain rapid plasticity of parietal maps but lack a plausible exploration/exploitation policy. The reinforcement learning model presented here unifies both accounts, enabling rapid, information-compressing map updates and efficient transition from exploration to exploitation...
February 23, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38392124/biohybrid-robotic-hand-to-investigate-tactile-encoding-and-sensorimotor-integration
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Craig Ades, Moaed A Abd, Douglas T Hutchinson, Emmanuelle Tognoli, E Du, Jianning Wei, Erik D Engeberg
For people who have experienced a spinal cord injury or an amputation, the recovery of sensation and motor control could be incomplete despite noteworthy advances with invasive neural interfaces. Our objective is to explore the feasibility of a novel biohybrid robotic hand model to investigate aspects of tactile sensation and sensorimotor integration with a pre-clinical research platform. Our new biohybrid model couples an artificial hand with biological neural networks (BNN) cultured in a multichannel microelectrode array (MEA)...
January 27, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38390412/music-performance-as-knowledge-acquisition-a-review-and-preliminary-conceptual-framework
#39
REVIEW
Mark Reybrouck, Andrea Schiavio
To what extent does playing a musical instrument contribute to an individual's construction of knowledge? This paper aims to address this question by examining music performance from an embodied perspective and offering a narrative-style review of the main literature on the topic. Drawing from both older theoretical frameworks on motor learning and more recent theories on sensorimotor coupling and integration, this paper seeks to challenge and juxtapose established ideas with contemporary views inspired by recent work on embodied cognitive science...
2024: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389361/functional-integration-of-the-subregions-of-the-primary-motor-cortex-the-impact-of-handedness-and-hemispheric-lateralization
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adnan A S Alahmadi
OBJECTIVE: Cytoarchitectonic mapping has revealed distinct subregions within Broadmann area 4 (BA 4) - BA 4a and BA 4p - with varying functional roles across tasks. We investigate their functional connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to explore bilateral differences and the impact of handedness on connectivity within major brain networks. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 54 left- and right-handed subjects. We employed regions-to-regions-network rsfMRI analysis to examine the Cytoarchitectonic mapping of BA 4a and BA 4p functional connectivity with eight major brain networks...
2024: Current medical imaging
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