keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513656/opposing-diet-microbiome-and-metabolite-mechanisms-regulate-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-a-genetically-susceptible-host
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Vasconcelos Pereira, Marie Boudaud, Mathis Wolter, Celeste Alexander, Alessandro De Sciscio, Erica T Grant, Bruno Caetano Trindade, Nicholas A Pudlo, Shaleni Singh, Austin Campbell, Mengrou Shan, Li Zhang, Qinnan Yang, Stéphanie Willieme, Kwi Kim, Trisha Denike-Duval, Jaime Fuentes, André Bleich, Thomas M Schmidt, Lucy Kennedy, Costas A Lyssiotis, Grace Y Chen, Kathryn A Eaton, Mahesh S Desai, Eric C Martens
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by periods of spontaneous intestinal inflammation and are increasing in industrialized populations. Combined with host genetics, diet and gut bacteria are thought to contribute prominently to IBDs, but mechanisms are still emerging. In mice lacking the IBD-associated cytokine, interleukin-10, we show that a fiber-deprived gut microbiota promotes the deterioration of colonic mucus, leading to lethal colitis. Inflammation starts with the expansion of natural killer cells and altered immunoglobulin-A coating of some bacteria...
March 18, 2024: Cell Host & Microbe
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505875/dietary-therapies-for-adult-and-pediatric-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#2
REVIEW
Jessica Deas, Neha D Shah, Gauree G Konijeti, Abigail Lundin, Olivia Lanser, Pooja Magavi, Sabina Ali
Diet is an environmental exposure implicated in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dietary therapy is also a tool for management of these conditions. Nutrition therapy for IBD has been shown to reduce intestinal inflammation, promote healing, and alleviate symptoms, as well as improve patients' nutrition status. Although the mechanisms of action of most nutrition therapies for IBD are not well understood, the diets are theorized to eliminate triggers for gut dysbiosis and mucosal immune dysfunction associated with the typical Western diet...
March 20, 2024: Nutrition in Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491963/jpen-journal-club-83-selecting-trials-to-include-in-a-systematic-review
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ronald L Koretz
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 16, 2024: JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487515/safety-of-preoperative-branch-embolization-in-patients-undergoing-evar
#4
REVIEW
Luis Ángel Suárez González, Iñigo Lozano Martínez-Luengas, Pablo Del Canto Peruyera, Manuel Javier Vallina-Victorero Vazquez
The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the safety of pre-endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) embolization of aortic side branches - the inferior mesenteric artery and lumbar arteries. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. A search of MEDLINE and DIMENSION databases identified 9 studies published from 2011 to 2021 that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies were analyzed to detect the incidence of embolization-related complications...
2024: Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467381/the-emergence-of-inflammatory-microglia-during-gut-inflammation-is-not-affected-by-ffar2-expression-in-intestinal-epithelial-cells-or-peripheral-leukocytes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva, Laurie Rund, Mario Vailati-Riboni, Stephanie Matt, Katiria Soto-Diaz, Jon Beever, Jacob M Allen, Jeffrey A Woods, Andrew J Steelman, Rodney W Johnson
Gut inflammation can trigger neuroinflammation and is linked to mood disorders. Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can modulate microglia, yet the mechanism remains elusive. Since microglia do not express free-fatty acid receptor (FFAR)2, but intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and peripheral myeloid cells do, we hypothesized that SCFA-mediated FFAR2 activation within the gut or peripheral leukocytes may impact microglia inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we developed a tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockout mouse model targeting FFAR2 exclusively on IEC and induced intestinal inflammation with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), a well-established colitis model...
March 9, 2024: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464347/perceptions-toward-established-and-novel-dietary-therapies-for-crohn-s-disease-management-among-adult-patients-results-from-a-questionnaire-survey
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Jatkowska, Bernadette White, Paige Jaskolski, Ben Nichols, Emily Brownson, Jennifer Clowe, John Paul Seenan, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Jonathan MacDonald
BACKGROUND: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) and partial enteral nutrition (PEN) remain the only established dietary therapies in Crohn's disease (CD) management. We conducted a questionnaire survey to evaluate the perceptions of adults with CD toward established and emerging food-based dietary therapies. METHODS: A 26-question anonymous survey was mailed to 300 adults receiving biologic treatment. Two researchers independently conducted a thematic analysis of open-ended responses...
January 2024: Crohn's & colitis 360
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461469/clinical-and-atopic-features-of-patients-with-primary-eosinophilic-colitis-an-italian-multicentre-study
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlo Maria Rossi, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Stefania Merli, Antonio Lo Bello, Aurelio Mauro, Andrea Anderloni, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Elisa Marabotto, Marta Vernero, Shirin Djahandideh Sheijani, Daria Maniero, Alessandro Vanoli, Catherine Klersy, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Antonio Di Sabatino
Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is the rarest among primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID). EC is underdiagnosed due to its blurred and proteiform clinical manifestations. To explore the clinical and atopic characteristic of EC adult patients, the diagnostic delay, and relapse-associated factors, by comparison with patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). EC patients followed-up at four clinics were included, and clinical, histopathological, and laboratory data were retrieved...
March 10, 2024: Internal and Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446227/additive-efficacy-and-safety-of-probiotics-in-the-treatment-of-ulcerative-colitis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#8
REVIEW
Xinyue Wang, Chunyu Zhou, Shaohui Zhang, Yixiang Ma, Wenqin Xiao, Yanmei Guo
BACKGROUND: We aim to report the latest pooled analyses to evaluate the additive efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: We systematically searched the relevant literature investigating the efficacy and/or safety of probiotics in patients with UC from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to January 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria...
March 6, 2024: European Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438184/suspected-intoxication-by-kikuyu-grass-cenchrus-clandestinus-of-dairy-cattle-in-the-azores-portugal
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Coelho, J Fagundes da Silva, G Stilwell
CASE HISTORY: An outbreak of suspected Kikuyu grass ( Cenchrus clandestinus ) intoxication among dairy cattle occurred on the island of Terceira in the Azores (Portugal), in October 2022. The animals affected were non-lactating dairy cows and heifers from five small farms grazing (free or tethered) a Kikuyu-dominant pasture. Of the 29 animals exposed, 17 were affected, and eight (five heifers and three adult cows) died, resulting in a morbidity rate of 58%, a mortality rate of 28% and a case mortality rate of 47%...
March 4, 2024: New Zealand Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431223/dynamic-prediction-of-advanced-colorectal-neoplasia-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anouk M Wijnands, Bas B L Penning de Vries, Maurice W M D Lutgens, Zeinab Bakhshi, Ibrahim Al Bakir, Laurent Beaugerie, Charles N Bernstein, Ryan Chang-Ho Choi, Nayantara Coelho-Prabhu, Trevor A Graham, Ailsa L Hart, Joren R Ten Hove, Steven H Itzkowitz, Julien Kirchgesner, Erik Mooiweer, Seth R Shaffer, Shailja C Shah, Sjoerd G Elias, Bas Oldenburg
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colonoscopic surveillance is recommended in patients with colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) given their increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to develop and validate a dynamic prediction model for the occurrence of advanced colorectal neoplasia (aCRN, including high-grade dysplasia and CRC) in IBD. METHODS: We pooled data from six existing cohort studies from Canada, the Netherlands, the UK, and the USA. Patients with IBD and an indication for CRC surveillance were included if they underwent at least one follow-up procedure...
February 29, 2024: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415639/enterohemorrhagic-escherichia-coli-effector-espf-triggers-oxidative-dna-lesions-in-intestinal-epithelial-cells
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuting Fang, Muqing Fu, Xinyue Li, Bao Zhang, Chengsong Wan
Attaching/effacing (A/E) pathogens induce DNA damage and colorectal cancer by injecting effector proteins into host cells via the type III secretion system (T3SS). EspF is one of the T3SS-dependent effector proteins exclusive to A/E pathogens, which include enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli . The role of EspF in the induction of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and the phosphorylation of the repair protein SMC1 has been demonstrated previously. However, the process of damage accumulation and DSB formation has remained enigmatic, and the damage response is not well understood...
February 28, 2024: Infection and Immunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377034/immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-related-colitis-in-patients-on-immunotherapy-for-cancer
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Belinda L Sun, Alexis S Elliott, David Nolte, Xiaoguang Sun
OBJECTIVES: Immune checkpoint inhibitors, a revolutionary class of cancer immunotherapy drugs, have transformed cancer treatment by bolstering antitumor immunity for various advanced-stage solid cancers. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved 7 immune checkpoint inhibitors that target 3 major immune checkpoint proteins: cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death 1 protein, and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1. In addition to their remarkable efficacy, however, these inhibitors have been observed causing immune-related adverse events, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis, which often results in severe or life-threatening clinical issues...
February 20, 2024: American Journal of Clinical Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337648/exclusive-enteral-nutrition-beneficially-modulates-gut-microbiome-in-a-preclinical-model-of-crohn-s-like-colitis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramasatyaveni Geesala, Neeraja Recharla, Ke Zhang, John C Johnson, George Golovko, Kamil Khanipov, Douglas L Brining, Xuan-Zheng Shi
Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an established dietary treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) by alleviating inflammation and inducing remission. However, the mechanisms of action of EEN are incompletely understood. As CD is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, we investigated the effect of EEN on the microbiome in a rat model of CD-like colitis. The rat model of CD-like colitis was established by an intracolonic instillation of TNBS at 65 mg/kg in 250 µL of 40% ethanol. Sham control rats were instilled with saline...
January 26, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38330766/first-line-durvalumab-in-patients-with-pd-l1-positive-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-nsclc-with-a-performance-status-of-2-ps2-primary-analysis-of-the-multicenter-single-arm-phase-ii-trial-sakk-19-17
#14
MULTICENTER STUDY
Michael Mark, Patrizia Froesch, Katrin Gysel, Sacha I Rothschild, Alfredo Addeo, Christoph J Ackermann, Sabrina Chiquet, Martina Schneider, Karin Ribi, Angela Fischer Maranta, Sara Bastian, Roger von Moos, Markus Joerger, Martin Früh
INTRODUCTION: The safety and efficacy of first-line durvalumab in PS2 patients with advanced NSCLC is unknown. Here, we present the primary analysis of first-line durvalumab in PS2 patients, unsuitable for combination chemotherapy. METHODS: In this single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial patients with PD-L1 positive (tumor proportional score ≥25%), advanced NSCLC with PS2, received four-weekly durvalumab 1500 mg. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) at 6 months...
March 2024: European Journal of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314407/bloody-diarrhea-in-a-27-year-old-man-with-adult-onset-still-s-disease
#15
Ken Nagahata, Kazuyuki Murase, Masatoshi Kanda, Hiroki Takahashi
A 27-year-old man presented with quotidian fever, rash, knee arthralgia, sore throat, and bloody diarrhea. Laboratory findings showed neutrophilia, elevated CRP, ferritin, and liver enzyme levels, and decreased hemoglobin levels. Radiological investigations revealed splenomegaly, systemic lymphadenopathy, thickening of the descending colon wall, and an abnormal uptake in the bone marrow and spleen as seen in F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Malignant lymphoma was initially suspected, but biopsies showed no malignant findings...
January 15, 2024: JMA journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38311715/association-between-oral-corticosteroid-starting-dose-and-the-incidence-of-pneumonia-in-japanese-patients-with-ulcerative-colitis-a-nation-wide-claims-database-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katsuyoshi Matsuoka, Tomoyuki Inoue, Hiroaki Tsuchiya, Katsumasa Nagano, Toshiyuki Iwahori
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A previous study demonstrated that half of patients started oral corticosteroids (OCS) for ulcerative colitis (UC) exacerbations at lower doses than recommended by Japanese treatment guidelines (initial OCS prednisolone equivalent dose, 30-40 mg). This may relate to physician's concern about infection, especially pneumonia including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), from high OCS doses. We assessed whether pneumonia incidence is increased with guideline-recommended OCS initial doses...
February 6, 2024: Intestinal Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38310354/superoxide-dismutase-2-promotes-the-immunosuppressive-function-of-mesenchymal-stem-cells-at-the-expense-of-adipocyte-differentiation
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanan Li, Tingting Wang, Xiaolei Li, Wen Li, Yan Lei, Qianwen Shang, Zhiyuan Zheng, Jiankai Fang, Lijuan Cao, Daojiang Yu, Zhenzhen Meng, Shengchao Zhang, Rui Liu, Chunxiao Liu, Chenchang Xu, Yayun Ding, Yongjing Chen, Eleonora Candi, Gerry Melino, Ying Wang, Yufang Shi, Changshun Shao
The potent immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) elicited by pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α (IT) is critical to resolve inflammation and promote tissue repair. However, little is known about how the immunomodulatory capability of MSCs is related to their differentiation competency in the inflammatory microenvironment. In this study, we demonstrate that the adipocyte differentiation and immunomodulatory function of human adipose tissue derived MSCs (MSC(AD)s) are mutually exclusive...
February 3, 2024: Molecular Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291684/joint-espghan-naspghan-guidelines-on-childhood-eosinophilic-gastrointestinal-disorders-beyond-eosinophilic-esophagitis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Papadopoulou, Jorge Amil-Dias, Marcus Karl-Heinz Auth, Mirna Chehade, Margaret H Collins, Sandeep K Gupta, Carolina Gutiérrez-Junquera, Rok Orel, Mario C Vieira, Noam Zevit, Dan Atkins, Albert J Bredenoord, Fatima Carneiro, Evan S Dellon, Nirmala Gonsalves, Calies Menard-Katcher, Sibylle Koletzko, Chris Liacouras, Luba Marderfeld, Salvatore Oliva, Yoshikazu Ohtsuka, Marc E Rothenberg, Alex Strauman, Nikhil Thapar, Guan-Yu Yang, Glenn T Furuta
INTRODUCTION: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders beyond eosinophilic esophagitis (non-EoE EGIDs) are rare chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and histologic findings of eosinophilic inflammation after exclusion of a secondary cause or systemic disease. Currently, no guidelines exist for the evaluation of non-EoE EGIDs. Therefore, the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) formed a task force group to provide consensus guidelines for childhood non-EoE EGIDs...
January 2024: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38276922/aga-clinical-practice-update-on-diet-and-nutritional-therapies-in-patients-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease-expert-review
#19
Jana G Hashash, Jaclyn Elkins, James D Lewis, David G Binion
DESCRIPTION: Diet plays a critical role in human health, but especially for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Guidance about diet for patients with IBD are often controversial and a source of uncertainty for many physicians and patients. The role of diet has been investigated as a risk factor for IBD etiopathogenesis and as a therapy for active disease. Dietary restrictions, along with the clinical complications of IBD, can result in malnutrition, an underrecognized condition among this patient population...
January 23, 2024: Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38267240/etrolizumab-as-induction-and-maintenance-therapy-in-patients-with-moderately-to-severely-active-ulcerative-colitis-a-protocol-of-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-placebo-controlled-randomised-clinical-trials
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuan Qin, Menghui Wang, Wei Zhang, Wenji Liu, Hongxin Shu, Xiaowei Xiong
INTRODUCTION: Etrolizumab is a gut-targeted, anti-β7 integrin, monoclonal antibody. Recently, data from phase 2 and 3 trials presented different results in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study is to summarise the latest published trials to analysis the role of etrolizumab in treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis during induction and maintenance phases. METHODS: Eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) will be retrieved from following databases: PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library...
January 24, 2024: BMJ Open
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