biomarker & depression

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The pathophysiology of burning mouth syndrome (BMS), although considered a multifactorial etiology including psychological factors, is still not well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the potential usage of salivary and serum biomarkers, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in diagnosing BMS and their correlations with anxiety/depression...

BACKGROUND: Identifying the fundus objective biomarkers for the major depressive disorders (MDD) may help promote mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal neurovascular changes and further investigate their association with disease severity in MDD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study conducted in the hospital enrolled patients with MDD and healthy controls.The retinal neurovascular parameters for all subjects, including vessel density (VD), thickness of ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and optic nerve head (ONH) eg are automatically calculated by the software in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)...

Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is involved in the progression of mental disorders, including deviant behavior, brain developmental, and personality disorders. The large number of genes has been studied for their activity association with stress and depression; however, the obtained results for the majority of these genes are contradictory. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible contribution of methylation level changes to the development of personality disorders and deviant behavior...

OBJECTIVE: The intricate relationship between social determinants, e.g., social frailty, biomarkers and healthy aging remains largely unexplored, despite the potential for social frailty to impact both intrinsic capacity (IC) and functional ability in the aging process. DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants aged 50+ years from the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS) in Taiwan, stratified into three age groups: 50-64, 65-74 and 75+...

BACKGROUND: Lung health is increasingly recognized as an essential factor in mental health. However, prospective evidence on lung function with incident depression remains to be determined. The study aimed to examine the prospective association between impaired lung function and incident depression and the underlying biological mechanisms. METHODS: This prospective cohort study comprised 280,032 non-depressed individuals with valid lung function measurements from the UK Biobank...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, as it can lead to cognitive and functional impairment and premature mortality. The first episode of BD is usually a depressive episode and is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD). Growing evidence indicates that peripheral immune activation and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of BD and MDD. Recently, by developing a panel of RNA editing-based blood biomarkers able to discriminate MDD from depressive BD, we have provided clinicians a new tool to reduce the misdiagnosis delay observed in patients suffering from BD...

INTRODUCTION: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist. Prediction of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery after catheter ablation (CA) for AF remains difficult. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of biomarkers, alone and in conjunction with the Antwerp score to predict LVEF recovery after CA for AF. METHODS: Patients undergoing CA for AF with depressed LVEF(<50%) were included. Plasma levels of 13 biomarkers were measured immediately prior to CA...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory processes could potentially impact both mood and suicide risk, however, the relationship between cytokines and suicidal ideation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between plasma levels of cytokines and suicidal ideation in population with major depressive disorders (MDD). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed to assess the peripheral plasma levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in 88 Chinese Han first-episode drug-naïve MDD patients...

DeSanto-Shinawi syndrome (DESSH, OMIM #616708) is a rare genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the WAC gene. This syndrome is characterized by a wide range of physical and neurological symptoms including dysmorphic features, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral abnormalities. DESSH was described by DeSanto in 2015, and since then, only a few dozen cases have been reported worldwide. Recent research has focused on identifying the underlying genetic cause of the syndrome as well as exploring potential treatments...

BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder is a broad diagnostic construct associated with significant phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity challenging progress in clinical practice and discovery research. Prospective studies of well-characterized patients and their family members have identified lithium responsive (LiR) and lithium non-responsive (LiNR) subtypes that hold promise for advancement. METHOD: In this narrative review, relevant observations from published longitudinal studies of well-characterized bipolar patients and their families spanning six decades are highlighted...

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disease that leads to substantial loss of quality of life. There has been little progress in developing new MDD therapeutics due to a poor understanding of disease heterogeneity and individuals' responses to treatments. Electroencephalography (EEG) is poised to improve this, owing to the ease of large-scale data collection and the advancement of computational methods to address artifacts. This review summarizes the viability of EEG for developing brain-based biomarkers in MDD...

OBJECTIVE: This study, utilizing data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018, investigates the association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a lipid biomarker, and symptoms of depression in American adults. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 12,534 adults aged 20 years and older, depressive symptoms were measured utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale. Weighted logistic regression models were employed to scrutinize the independent relationship between AIP levels and the likelihood of developing such symptoms...

BACKGROUND: There is mounting evidence that asthma might exacerbate depression. We sought to examine candidates for diagnostic genes in patients suffering from asthma and depression. METHODS: Microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database and used to screen for differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the SA and MDD datasets. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA) was used to identify the co-expression modules of SA and MDD...

BACKGROUND: Motor cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) represents a critical pre-dementia and disability state characterized by a combination of objectively measured slow walking speed and subjective memory complaints (SMCs). This study aims to identify risk factors for MCR and investigate the relationship between plasma levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and MCR among Chinese community-dwelling elderly populations. METHODS: A total of 1312 participants were involved in this study based on the data of the Rugao Longevity and Aging Study (RuLAS)...

RATIONALE: The mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents are unclear. Metabolomics has been utilized to capture metabolic signatures of various psychiatric disorders; however, urinary metabolic profile of MDD in children and adolescents has not been studied. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed urinary metabolites in children and adolescents with MDD to identify potential biomarkers and metabolic signatures. METHODS: Here, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to profile metabolites in urine samples from 192 subjects, comprising 80 individuals with antidepressant-naïve MDD (AN-MDD), 37 with antidepressant-treated MDD (AT-MDD) and 75 healthy controls (HC)...

Psychotherapy is an effective treatment for anxiety disorders (AD), yet a vast majority of patients do not respond to therapy, necessitating the identification of predictors to enhance outcomes. Several studies have explored the relationship between stress response and treatment outcome, as a potential treatment mechanism. However, the latter remains under-researched in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). We studied N = 29 patients undergoing psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT) within the SOPHONET-Study...

BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence point to an interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study is aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of MDD by identifying key biomarkers, associated immune infiltration using bioinformatic analysis and human postmortem sample. METHODS: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases of GSE98793 were adopted to identify hub genes linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes (ERGs) in MDD...

BACKGROUND: Depression is the most common psychological disorder in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the characteristics of microbiota and metabolites in these patients remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate microbial and metabolomic profiles and identify novel biomarkers for T1D with depression. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted in a total of 37 T1D patients with depression (TD+), 35 T1D patients without depression (TD-), and 29 healthy controls (HCs)...

Although there are various treatments available for depression, some patients may experience resistance to treatment or encounter adverse effects. Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is an ancient medicinal herb used in Ayurvedic medicine for its rejuvenating, neuroprotective and psychoactive properties. This study aims to explore the antidepressant-like effects of the major constituents found in C. asiatica, i.e., asiatic acid, asiaticoside, madecassic acid, and madecassoside at three doses (1.25, 2.5, and 5mg/kg, i...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association between daily spiritual experiences and allostatic load (AL) trajectories in midlife African American women. METHODS: A longitudinal analysis of public-use data from 727 African American women in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) was performed. We included African American women who completed the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale at SWAN visit 4 (2000-2001) and had AL data at three or more study visits over 7 years...