low density lipo protein

Globally, obesity has become one of the major health problems. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-obesity potential of Cymbopogon schoenanthus methanolic extract (CS) in rats. Fifty male Wistar rats of six to eight weeks-old, 100-120 g body weight (BW) was randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 10): Control group was fed basal diet. CS-group was supplied with basal diet and orally given CS (200 mg/kg BW) for 12 weeks. HFD-group was fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks...

BACKGROUND: This study examined the effects of a single all-out bout of 30-s sprint-cycle performed daily for 5 consecutive days per week for 6 weeks, on aerobic fitness, muscle strength and metabolic-health markers in physically active young males and females. METHODS: Healthy, physically active 20-28 year olds, were randomly assigned to either experimental (EXP, N = 11) or non-training control (CON, N = 8) group. With supervision, the EXP group performed one bout of 30-s sprint-cycle daily, Mondays to Fridays over 6 weeks, while CON group continued with their usual lifestyle...

Coronary heart disease is the foremost leading cause of death across the world. It mainly involves the blood vessels, which supply the heart. Plaque formation due to lipid deposition leads to the narrowing of the vessels, obstructing blood flow. Therefore, lipoproteins such as high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and chylomicrons play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Lipoproteins are carrier molecules made up of proteins and fats. They carry cholesterol through the bloodstream and transport it to the peripheral tissues or the liver...

The obesity epidemic is not only limited to high-income or urbanized societies, but has also become prevalent among rural communities, even in India. Approaches to modifiable behaviors, like unhealthy dietary habits or a sedentary lifestyle, could bring positive results among obese populations. This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention programs to prevent obesity and cardio-metabolic risks among Bengali obese adults (Body Mass Index of 25-30kg/m2 ). The population was selected from rural and urban communities of Hooghly district in west Bengal, India and included 121 participants (20-50 years), divided into four groups (rural male, rural female, urban male, and urban female) who underwent a 12-month intervention program...

Background: Local eradication of periodontal infection could potentially have a much broader impact on the diabetic condition by also contributing to the modification of the lipid profile, which is directly compromised in the alteration of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The aim of this trial was to assess the benefits of intensive periodontal treatment (IPT) on the lipid profile and endothelial function of diabetic patients. Methods: This was a 6-month, randomized controlled trial involving diabetic patients with generalized periodontitis...

Background A high red cell distribution width (RDW), which indicates ongoing inflammation, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent studies have suggested that HDL-C possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may explain its anti-atherogenic properties. This study aims to determine the relationship between HDL-C levels and RDW in patients with CAD. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 120 patients with CAD from July 2020 to June 2021 in the Hematology Department of Chughtai Lab Lahore...

INTRODUCTION: Arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) are central lipid mediators of the endocannabinoid system. They are highly relevant due to their involvement in a wide variety of inflammatory, metabolic or malign diseases. Further elucidation of their modes of action and use as biomarkers in an easily accessible matrix, like blood, is restricted by their susceptibility to deviations during blood sampling and physiological co-dependences, which results in high variability of reported concentrations in low ng/mL ranges...

Statins have been shown to be effective in reducing cardiovascular events. Their magnitude of benefits has been proportionate to the reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). Intensive lipid-lowering therapies using ezetimibe and more recently proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 inhibitors have further improved clinical outcomes. Unselective application of these treatments is undesirable and unaffordable and, therefore, has been guided by LDL-c level. Nonetheless, the residual risk in the post-statin era is markedly heterogeneous, including thrombosis and inflammation risks...

To better understand how lipoproteins interact and enter endothelium and participate in cellular processes, we investigated preferential lipid partitioning of triglyceride rich lipoproteins (TGRL), chylomicrons (CM), low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and their lipolysis products using supported phospholipid raft membrane (SPRM) patterns. We prepared SPRM patterns with Texas red labeled phospholipid patterns and Marina blue labeled raft patterns and added Atto-520 labeled lipoproteins (TGRL, CM, VLDL, LDL) and their lipolysis products in separate experiments and characterized these interactions using fluorescence microscopy...

BACKGROUND: This study is aimed to investigate the association between clinical, metabolic, inflammatory and environmental (photoperiod defined as daily sunlight exposure) parameters and suicide re-attempts after the index suicide attempt. Possible predictors of suicide re-attempts were also explored. METHODS: Overall, 432 subjects with suicide attempts, of which 79 relapsed within the following six months were included in this prospective study. We adopted the Joiner's definition of suicide lethality, as "the acquired ability to enact lethal self-injury"...

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes (II) is a chronic metabolic disease with many side effects. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) regulates prominent cellular processes such as apoptosis, aging, and metabolism of the cell, and it seems to play an important role in type 2 diabetes. THE AIM OF THE STUDY: was to compare the serum level of SIRT1 and related biochemical factors in patients with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes with healthy subjects. METHODS: Type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into controlled and uncontrolled fasting blood glucose (FBG) and healthy individuals as the control group (n = 50/group)...

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects the metabolism of low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL-C) through mutations in the gene for LDL receptor ( LDLR ), and less commonly in those for apolipoprotein B ( APOB ), proprotein convertase subtili-sin-kexin type 9 ( PCSK9 ), and others. Patients with these mutations have elevated plasma levels of LDL-C and, as a result, an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease beginning in childhood, leading to significant risk of illness and death...

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated protein that endows its carrier with (lipo-)lactonase-dependent antioxidative features. Low levels of PON1 activity have been observed in association with obesity, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Considering the well-recognized atheroprotective role of PON1, exogenous/endogenous factors that might modulate its levels/activity are raising great interest. Since adipokines represent a molecular link between obesity and CVD, we here explored the possible impact of these substances on PON1 activity/expression...

Mushrooms have been highly regarded as possessing enormous nutritive and medicinal values. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic potential of shiitake mushroom ( Lentinula edodes ) using its solvent-solvent partitioned fractions that consisted of methanol:dichloromethane (M:DCM), hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA) and aqueous residue (AQ). The hexane fraction (1 mg/mL) mostly scavenged (67.38%, IC50 0.55 mg/mL) the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, contained the highest reducing capacity (60...

Elevated serum interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β) over baseline concentration help in blastocyst adhesion to the uterine endometrium in the early phase of pregnancy. A nano PLA (Piperolactam A)-HPBCD (2-hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin) inclusion complex was developed as an interleukin down-regulator that exhibited 100% anti-implantation activity in rodents at a dose as low as 2.5-5.0 mg/kg. On metabolomics study, among major glyco-lipo-protein metabolites, only serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels revealed alteration by the formulation...

Recently, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become an important public health problem, and its prevalence is increasing. MetS is associated with multifactorial diseases. No reports have suggested a relationship between bladder cancer and high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia has been reported as a possible risk factor. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between the stage and degree of malignancy of bladder cancer and MetS. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of the components of MetS on the results...

BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetic disorder causing accelerated atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). This retrospective observational study examined the clinical characteristics and management of FH subjects in Bulgaria over a 12-month period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve cardiology sites participated in this study from May 2015 to May 2016. Eligible subjects had at least two routine low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL C) measurements and a prescription for lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) at the start of the observation period...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week circuit training program on health-related physical fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students. Twenty subjects with over 30% of accumulated body fat voluntarily participated and were randomly allocated to the control group (n=10) or circuit training group (n=10). The circuit training program consisted of 10 types of resistance and aerobic exercise and was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Health-related physical fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors were analyzed to elucidate the effect of the circuit training...

OBJECTIVE: HCV particles are associated with very low-density lipoprotein components in chronically infected patients. These hybrid particles, or 'lipo-viro particles' (LVPs), are rich in triglycerides, and contain the viral RNA, the capsid protein, E1E2 envelope glycoproteins and apolipoproteins B and E. However, their specific ultrastructural organisation has yet to be determined. We developed a strategy for the preparation of any viral sample that preserves the native structure of the LVPs, facilitating their precise morphological characterisation...

OBJECTIVE: HCV is intimately linked with the liver lipid metabolism, devoted to the efflux of triacylglycerols stored in lipid droplets (LDs) in the form of triacylglycerol-rich very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs): (i) the most infectious HCV particles are those of lowest density due to association with triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins and (ii) HCV-infected patients frequently develop hepatic steatosis (increased triacylglycerol storage). The recent identification of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) as an LD phospholipid-remodelling enzyme prompted us to investigate its role in liver lipid metabolism and HCV infectious cycle...