keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535826/exploration-of-cytochrome-p450-related-interactions-between-aflatoxin-b1-and-tiamulin-in-broiler-chickens
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pan Sun, Orphélie Lootens, Tadele Kabeta, Diethard Reckelbus, Natalia Furman, Xingyuan Cao, Suxia Zhang, Gunther Antonissen, Siska Croubels, Marthe De Boevre, Sarah De Saeger
Poultry may face simultaneous exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and tiamulin (TIA), given mycotoxin contamination and antibiotic use. As both mycotoxins and antibiotics can affect cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), our study aimed to explore their interaction. We developed UHPLC-MS/MS methods for the first-time determination of the interaction between TIA and AFB1 in vitro and in vivo in broiler chickens. The inhibition assay showed the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of AFB1 and TIA in chicken liver microsomes are more than 7...
March 20, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535619/inhibition-of-mir-33a-5p-in-macrophage-like-cells-in-vitro-promotes-apoai-mediated-cholesterol-efflux
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olanrewaju Oladosu, Emma Chin, Christian Barksdale, Rhonda R Powell, Terri Bruce, Alexis Stamatikos
Atherosclerosis is caused by cholesterol accumulation within arteries. The intima is where atherosclerotic plaque accumulates and where lipid-laden foam cells reside. Intimal foam cells comprise of both monocyte-derived macrophages and macrophage-like cells (MLC) of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) origin. Foam cells can remove cholesterol via apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux and this process is regulated by the transporter ABCA1. The microRNA miR-33a-5p is thought to be atherogenic via silencing ABCA1 which promotes cholesterol retention and data has shown inhibiting miR-33a-5p in macrophages may be atheroprotective via enhancing apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux...
February 28, 2024: Pathophysiology: the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535614/-blastocystis-spp-and-other-intestinal-parasites-in-polish-soldiers-deployed-to-lebanon-and-iraq
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danuta Izabela Kosik-Bogacka, Krzysztof Korzeniewski, Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk, Joanna Korycińska, Małgorzata Lepczyńska, Ewa Dzika, Małgorzata Marchelek-Myśliwiec
Intestinal parasitic infections are one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide, particularly in developing countries. A distinct group at increased risk of infection is military personnel deployed overseas for extended periods, typically six months at a time. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. and other intestinal parasites in Polish military personnel returning from deployments to Lebanon (n = 206) and Iraq (n = 220). In this group of subjects, we found Blastocystis spp...
March 21, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535580/characterization-of-gallibacterium-anatis-isolated-from-pathological-processes-in-domestic-mammals-and-birds-in-the-czech-republic
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaroslav Bzdil, Soňa Šlosárková, Petr Fleischer, Monika Zouharová, Ján Matiašovic
Gallibacterium anatis , recognized as a resident and opportunistic pathogen primarily in poultry, underwent investigation in unwell domestic mammals and birds. The study encompassed the mapping and comparison of G. anatis isolates, evaluation of their genetic diversity, and determination of their susceptibility to antimicrobials. A total of 11,908 clinical samples were analyzed using cultivation methods and MALDI-TOF. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on seven calf isolates and six hen isolates. Among mammals, G...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535532/advances-in-the-immunology-of-the-host-parasite-interactions-in-african-trypanosomosis-including-single-cell-transcriptomics
#25
REVIEW
Boyoon Choi, Hien Thi Vu, Hai Thi Vu, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez
Trypanosomes are single-celled extracellular parasites that infect mammals, including humans and livestock, causing global public health concerns and economic losses. These parasites cycle between insect vectors, such as tsetse flies and vertebrate hosts, undergoing morphological, cellular, and biochemical changes. They have remarkable immune evasion mechanisms to escape the host's innate and adaptive immune responses, such as surface coat antigenic variation and the induction of the loss of specificity and memory of antibody responses, enabling the prolongation of infection...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535526/the-digestive-vacuole-of-the-malaria-parasite-a-specialized-lysosome
#26
REVIEW
Mark F Wiser
The malaria parasite resides within erythrocytes during one stage of its life cycle. During this intraerythrocytic period, the parasite ingests the erythrocyte cytoplasm and digests approximately two-thirds of the host cell hemoglobin. This digestion occurs within a lysosome-like organelle called the digestive vacuole. Several proteases are localized to the digestive vacuole and these proteases sequentially breakdown hemoglobin into small peptides, dipeptides, and amino acids. The peptides are exported into the host cytoplasm via the chloroquine-resistance transporter and an amino acid transporter has also been identified on the digestive vacuole membrane...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535499/modulation-of-the-mas-related-g-protein-coupled-receptor-x2-mrgprx2-by-xenobiotic-compounds-and-its-relevance-to-human-diseases
#27
REVIEW
Alicja Dziadowiec, Iwona Popiolek, Mateusz Kwitniewski, Grzegorz Porebski
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells that reside in tissues; particularly in the skin, and in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), which is present on the surface of MCs and can be targeted by multiple exogenous and endogenous ligands. It is potentially implicated in non-IgE-mediated pseudoallergic reactions and inflammatory conditions such as asthma or atopic dermatitis. In this paper, we review natural products and herbal medicines that may potentially interact with MRGPRX2...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Xenobiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535498/air-pollution-and-primary-dna-damage-among-zagreb-croatia-residents-a-cross-sectional-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marko Gerić, Gordana Pehnec, Katarina Matković, Jasmina Rinkovec, Ivana Jakovljević, Ranka Godec, Silva Žužul, Ivan Bešlić, Ante Cvitković, Luka Delić, Pascal Wild, Irina Guseva Canu, Nancy B Hopf, Goran Gajski
More than eight million premature deaths annually can be attributed to air pollution, with 99% of the world's population residing in areas below recommended air quality standards. Hence, the present study aimed to examine the association between primary DNA damage and air pollution data among 123 participants enrolled between 2011 and 2015 in Zagreb, Croatia. While most measured air pollutants adhered to regulatory limits, benzo[a]pyrene concentrations bound to PM10 exceeded them. Factorial analysis narrowed down air pollution data to four exposure factors (particulate matter, two metal factors, and other pollutants)...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Xenobiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535439/algae-based-nanoparticles-for-oral-drug-delivery-systems
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliyahu Drori, Dhaval Patel, Sarah Coopersmith, Valeria Rahamim, Chen Drori, Suchita Suryakant Jadhav, Roni Avital, Yaakov Anker, Aharon Azagury
Drug administration by oral delivery is the preferred route, regardless of some remaining challenges, such as short resident time and toxicity issues. One strategy to overcome these barriers is utilizing mucoadhesive vectors that can increase intestinal resident time and systemic uptake. In this study, biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) were produced from 14 types of edible algae and evaluated for usage as oral DDSs by measuring their size, surface charge, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, mucoadhesion force, and cellular uptake into Caco-2 cells...
February 21, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535317/integrative-multiomics-approach-to-skin-the-sinergy-between-individualised-medicine-and-futuristic-precision-skin-care
#30
REVIEW
Angelica Dessì, Roberta Pintus, Vassilios Fanos, Alice Bosco
The skin is a complex ecosystem colonized by millions of microorganisms, the skin microbiota, which are crucial in regulating not only the physiological functions of the skin but also the metabolic changes underlying the onset of skin diseases. The high microbial colonization together with a low diversity at the phylum level and a high diversity at the species level of the skin is very similar to that of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, there is an important communication pathway along the gut-brain-skin axis, especially associated with the modulation of neurotransmitters by the microbiota...
March 7, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535204/community-structure-and-diversity-of-endophytic-fungi-in-cultivated-polygala-crotalarioides-at-two-different-growth-stages-based-on-culture-independent-and-culture-based-methods
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaize Shen, Yu Xiong, Yanfang Liu, Xingwang Fan, Rui Zhu, Zumao Hu, Congying Li, Yan Hua
Polygala crotalarioides , a perennial herbaceous plant found in southwest China, has the potential to be used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Endophytic fungi that reside within medicinal herbs play an important ecological role in their host plants and can serve as a valuable source for identifying active components. However, little is known about the diversity, and structure of endophytic fungi in P. crotalarioides . In this study, we investigated the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in the leaves, stems, and roots of P...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535174/the-effect-of-geoclimatic-factors-on-the-distribution-of-paracoccidioidomycosis-in-mato-grosso-do-sul-brazil
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larissa Rodrigues Fabris, Nathan Guilherme de Oliveira, Bruna Eduarda Bortolomai, Lavínia Cássia Ferreira Batista, Marcos Henrique Sobral, Alisson André Ribeiro, Ursulla Vilella Andrade, Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho, Lídia Raquel de Carvalho, Ida Maria Foschiani Dias Baptista, Rinaldo Poncio Mendes, Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago
The incidence of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) varies in Latin America, and it is influenced by environmental factors. This study evaluated the distribution of PCM acute/subacute form (AF) cases and their correlation with geoclimatic factors in the Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state. The study included 81 patients diagnosed with the PCM/AF at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul between January 1980 and February 2022. Geographic coordinates, health microregion of patient's residence, compensated average temperature, relative air humidity (RH), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and average global temperature were analyzed...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535167/deductive-reasoning-skills-in-children-aged-4-8-years-old
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krisztián Józsa, Tun Zaw Oo, Diana Borbélyová, Judit Podráczky
Young children possess the fundamental deductive reasoning skills for solving their upcoming problems in their daily lives. These skills are of great importance for their school readiness and academic development. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the age differences and predictive variables of deductive reasoning skills in young Hungarian children aged 4-8 years old who reside in Hungary and Slovakia. Face-to-face data were collected from 3050 participants. The instrument of deductive reasoning skills assessment was extracted from the school readiness test, DIFER (Diagnostic System for Assessing Development)...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535017/ai-assisted-x-ray-fracture-detection-in-residency-training-evaluation-in-pediatric-and-adult-trauma-patients
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathias Meetschen, Luca Salhöfer, Nikolas Beck, Lennard Kroll, Christoph David Ziegenfuß, Benedikt Michael Schaarschmidt, Michael Forsting, Shamoun Mizan, Lale Umutlu, René Hosch, Felix Nensa, Johannes Haubold
Background : This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an AI-assisted fracture detection program on radiology residents' performance in pediatric and adult trauma patients and assess its implications for residency training. Methods : This study, conducted retrospectively, included 200 radiographs from participants aged 1 to 95 years (mean age: 40.7 ± 24.5 years), encompassing various body regions. Among these, 50% (100/200) displayed at least one fracture, totaling one hundred thirty-five fractures, assessed by four radiology residents with different experience levels...
March 11, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534936/barriers-and-unequal-access-to-timely-molecular-testing-results-addressing-the-inequities-in-cancer-care-delays-across-canada
#35
Stephanie Snow, Christine Brezden-Masley, Michael D Carter, Neesha Dhani, Cassandra Macaulay, Ravi Ramjeesingh, Michael J Raphael, Monika Slovinec D'Angelo, Filomena Servidio-Italiano
Genomic medicine is a powerful tool to improve diagnosis and outcomes for cancer patients by facilitating the delivery of the right drug at the right dose at the right time for the right patient. In 2023, a Canadian conference brought together leaders with expertise in different tumor types. The objective was to identify challenges and opportunities for change in terms of equitable and timely access to biomarker testing and reporting at the education, delivery, laboratory, patient, and health-system levels in Canada...
March 6, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534911/spirituality-quality-of-life-and-health-a-japanese-cross-sectional-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeshi Yoshizawa, Abdelrahman M Makram, Randa Elsheikh, Sadako Nakamura, Engy Mohamed Makram, Kazumi Kubota, Nguyen Tien Huy, Kazuhiko Moji
BACKGROUND: Current reports suggest a positive association between spirituality and quality of life (QoL) in elders. While most studies are qualitative studies and there has been little validation in quantitative studies using scales to measure spirituality. Hence, we aimed to study the effect of spirituality on mental health and QoL in older people residing in Kumejima Town in Japan. METHODS: An interview-based survey was conducted between September 2010 and 2011 on residents of Kumejima Town aged 65 years or older...
March 21, 2024: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534899/cultural-divergence-in-psychedelic-use-among-medical-students-an-espad-adapted-survey-among-poles-and-iraqis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Al-Imam, Marek A Motyka, Michal Michalak
Psychedelics can profoundly alter cognition and consciousness. Their use in Middle Eastern countries, including Iraq, is ambiguous. We aim to investigate psychedelic awareness and use among Iraqi and Polish medical students. We surveyed 739 university students from Poland (315) and Iraq (424) using 31 adapted questions from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). We conducted multivariable analyses based on binary logistic regression to identify the factors associated with psychedelic awareness and use...
March 5, 2024: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534892/mastering-sedation-and-associated-respiratory-events-through-simulation-based-training-a-randomised-controlled-trial-involving-non-anaesthesiology-residents
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Noël Evain, Tran Do, Hakim Harkouk, Pierre Drolet, Roger Perron, Mihai Georgescu, Arnaud Robitaille, Issam Tanoubi
Non-anaesthetists commonly administer procedural sedation worldwide, posing the risk of respiratory events that can lead to severe complications. This study aimed to evaluate whether simulation-based learning could lead to enhancements in the clinical proficiency of non-anaesthesiology residents in managing sedation and related respiratory complications. Following the evaluation of baseline clinical performance through a pre-test simulation, 34 residents were randomly allocated to either participate in an innovative simulation-based learning module (intervention group) or view a brief self-learning video (control group)...
February 23, 2024: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534706/antimicrobial-action-mechanisms-of-natural-compounds-isolated-from-endophytic-microorganisms
#39
REVIEW
Farkhod Eshboev, Nilufar Mamadalieva, Pavel A Nazarov, Hidayat Hussain, Vladimir Katanaev, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Shakhnoz Azimova
Infectious diseases are a significant challenge to global healthcare, especially in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance. This urgent issue requires the continuous exploration and development of new antimicrobial drugs. In this regard, the secondary metabolites derived from endophytic microorganisms stand out as promising sources for finding antimicrobials. Endophytic microorganisms, residing within the internal tissues of plants, have demonstrated the capacity to produce diverse bioactive compounds with substantial pharmacological potential...
March 18, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534699/generation-and-characterization-of-stable-small-colony-variants-of-usa300-staphylococcus-aureus-in-raw-264-7-murine-macrophages
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dalida Bivona, Carmelo Bonomo, Lorenzo Colombini, Paolo G Bonacci, Grete F Privitera, Giuseppe Caruso, Filippo Caraci, Francesco Santoro, Nicolò Musso, Dafne Bongiorno, Francesco Iannelli, Stefania Stefani
Intracellular survival and immune evasion are typical features of staphylococcal infections. USA300 is a major clone of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), a community- and hospital-acquired pathogen capable of disseminating throughout the body and evading the immune system. Carnosine is an endogenous dipeptide characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties acting on the peripheral (macrophages) and tissue-resident (microglia) immune system. In this work, RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were infected with the USA300 ATCC BAA-1556 S...
March 16, 2024: Antibiotics
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