keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536924/different-components-of-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-affect-specific-cognitive-mechanisms
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agnes Norbury, Tobias U Hauser, Stephen M Fleming, Raymond J Dolan, Quentin J M Huys
Psychological therapies are among the most effective treatments for common mental health problems-however, we still know relatively little about how exactly they improve symptoms. Here, we demonstrate the power of combining theory with computational methods to parse effects of different components of cognitive-behavioral therapies onto underlying mechanisms. Specifically, we present data from a series of randomized-controlled experiments testing the effects of brief components of behavioral and cognitive therapies on different cognitive processes, using well-validated behavioral measures and associated computational models...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536890/experts-views-on-translating-nhs-support-to-stop-smoking-in-pregnancy-into-a-comprehensive-digital-intervention
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa McDaid, Pippa Belderson, Joanne Emery, Tim Coleman, Jo Leonardi-Bee, Felix Naughton
Many pregnant smokers need support to quit successfully. In the United Kingdom, trained smoking cessation advisors deliver structured behavioural counselling alongside access to free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT); known as the 'Standard Treatment Programme' (STP). Pregnant smokers who access STP support are more likely to quit, but uptake is low. A digital intervention could be offered as an adjunct or alternative to existing STP support to increase cessation rates. However, there are few pregnancy-specific digital options routinely available and, among those that are, there is limited evidence of their effectiveness...
March 2024: PLOS Digit Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536886/socio-economic-disparities-and-predictors-of-fertility-among-adolescents-aged-15-to-19-in-zambia-evidence-from-the-zambia-demographic-and-health-survey-2018
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samson Shumba, Vanessa Moonga, Thomas Osman Miyoba, Stephen Jere, Jessy Mutale Nkonde, Peter Mumba
Globally, 12 million girls aged 15-19 give birth each year, and Africa hosts 19% of youth aged 15-24. In Zambia, 29% of adolescents experience childbirth, with variations by age. Projections suggest a continued rise in these trends by 2030. Zambia came up with Adolescent Health Strategic Plan 2011-2015 among the specific policies being advocated for was Adolescent-Friendly Health Services (ADFHS) in order to mitigate among others adolescent fertility. The study aims to investigate socio-economic disparities and predictors of fertility in Zambian adolescents aged 15 to 19...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536885/mothers-perspectives-of-the-barriers-and-facilitators-to-reducing-young-children-s-screen-time-during-covid-19-a-reddit-content-analysis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leann Blake, Patricia Tucker, Leigh M Vanderloo
Screen time for children under 5 is associated with various health risks. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, screen use among young children increased significantly. Mothers were more likely than fathers to be the primary caregivers and disproportionally assumed the responsibility of monitoring their children's screen time. Several studies have examined children's screen use throughout the pandemic; however, few have addressed mothers' experiences. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate mothers' perceptions regarding the barriers and facilitators faced when trying to reduce their child's pandemic screen time, as expressed on Reddit (a social media platform for anonymous discussion and information sharing)...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536876/toward-trustworthy-covid-19-interventions-building-vaccine-trust-through-community-university-partnerships
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Bray, Lori L Jervis, Amanda E Janitz, Laura Ross, Gloria Tallbull, Timothy M VanWagoner
Prior research identifies trust as critical to increase vaccine acceptance and uptake. However, few intervention studies have sought to develop or test strategies for bolstering vaccine-related trust. To address this gap, this exploratory study identifies features of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy interventions that can promote or undermine trust across three interconnected domains: institutional, interpersonal, and product (the vaccine itself). We draw on focus groups (N = 27 participants) with community and university partners involved with hosting COVID-19 testing and vaccine events in underserved Oklahoma communities...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536873/quality-and-sustainability-of-ethiopia-s-national-surgical-indicators
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kayleigh R Cook, Zebenay B Zeleke, Ephrem Gebrehana, Daniel Burssa, Bantalem Yeshanew, Atkilt Michael, Yoseph Tediso, Taylor Jaraczewski, Chris Dodgion, Andualem Beyene, Katherine R Iverson
In 2015, the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) developed the Saving Lives through Safe Surgery (SaLTS) initiative to improve national surgical care. Previous work led to development and implementation of 15 surgical key performance indicators (KPIs) to standardize surgical data practices. The objective of this project is to investigate current practices of KPI data collection and assess quality to improve data management and strengthen surgical systems. The first portion of the study documented the surgical data collection process including methods, instruments, and effectiveness at 10 hospitals across 2 regions in Ethiopia...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536869/study-protocol-identifying-transcriptional-regulatory-alterations-of-chronic-effects-of-blast-and-disturbed-sleep-in-united-states-veterans
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly J Sullan, Kelly A Stearns-Yoder, Zhaoyu Wang, Andrew J Hoisington, Adam D Bramoweth, Walter Carr, Yongchao Ge, Hanga Galfalvy, Fatemah Haghighi, Lisa A Brenner
Injury related to blast exposure dramatically rose during post-911 era military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is among the most common injuries following blast, an exposure that may not result in a definitive physiologic marker (e.g., loss of consciousness). Recent research suggests that exposure to low level blasts and, more specifically repetitive blast exposure (RBE), which may be subconcussive in nature, may also impact long term physiologic and psychological outcomes, though findings have been mixed...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536868/the-social-determinants-of-migrant-domestic-worker-mdw-health-and-well-being-in-the-western-pacific-region-a-scoping-review
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamie Chan, Georgia Dominguez, Antonia Hua, Melissa Garabiles, Carl A Latkin, Brian J Hall
The health and well-being of transnational migrant domestic workers (MDWs) is a pressing but largely neglected public health concern. The Asia Pacific region is home to over 20% of the global MDW population. Living and working conditions, social contexts, political environments, and migration regimes are recognized as consequential to the health of this population, but currently no synthesis of available literature to prioritize research or policy agenda setting for MDW has yet been conducted. This scoping review screened 6,006 peer-reviewed articles and 1,217 gray literature sources, identifying 173 articles and 276 gray literature sources that reported key MDW health outcomes, social determinants of health, and related interventions...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536860/cost-effectiveness-of-a-pediatric-operating-room-installation-in-sub-saharan-africa
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ava Yap, Salamatu I Halid, Nancy Ukwu, Ruth Laverde, Paul Park, Greg Klazura, Emma Bryce, Maija Cheung, Elliot Marseille, Doruk Ozgediz, Emmanuel A Ameh
The unmet need for pediatric surgery imposes enormous health and economic consequences globally, predominantly shouldered by Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where children comprise almost half of the population. Lack of knowledge about the economic impact of improving pediatric surgical infrastructure in SSA inhibits the informed allocation of limited resources towards the most cost-effective interventions to bolster global surgery for children. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of installing and running two dedicated pediatric operating rooms (ORs) in a hospital in Nigeria with a pre-existing pediatric surgical service by constructing a decision tree model of pediatric surgical delivery at this facility over a year, comparing scenarios before and after the installation of the ORs, which were funded philanthropically...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536856/factors-associated-with-the-uptake-of-intermittent-preventive-treatment-for-malaria-during-pregnancy-in-cameroon-an-analysis-of-data-from-the-2018-cameroon-demographic-and-health-survey
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dominique Ken Guimsop, Ange Faustine Kenmogne Talla, Haoua Kodji, Jerome Ateudjieu
Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health concern that contributes to a significant increase in maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is a key intervention recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and implemented in Cameroon to reduce the morbidity associated with malaria during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the distribution of the poor uptake of IPTp-SP (i.e. fewer than three doses) in Cameroon and the factors associated...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536852/barriers-and-facilitators-to-parents-engagement-with-and-perceived-impact-of-a-childhood-obesity-app-a-mixed-methods-study
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madison Milne-Ives, Em Rahman, Hannah Bradwell, Rebecca Baines, Timothy Boey, Alison Potter, Wendy Lawrence, Michelle Helena van Velthoven, Edward Meinert
Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern. Although mobile health apps have the potential to deliver behavioural interventions, their impact is commonly limited by a lack of sufficient engagement. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to engagement with a family-focused app and its perceived impact on motivation, self-efficacy, and behaviour. Parents with at least one child under 18 and healthcare professionals working with children were recruited; all participants were allocated to use the NoObesity app over a 6-month period...
March 2024: PLOS Digit Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536850/moving-together-increasing-physical-activity-in-older-adults-with-an-intergenerational-technology-based-intervention-a-feasibility-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel L Knight, Aïna Chalabaev, Kelly A Mackintosh, Melitta A McNarry, Joanne Hudson
Robust evidence supports the role of physical activity and exercise in increasing longevity, decreasing morbidity and helping older adults maintain the highest quality of life attainable. However, the majority of older adults are not sufficiently physically active and interventions are needed to change their behaviors. Familial or intergenerational contact has been positively linked to health and well-being in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to i) establish acceptability and test the functionality and useability of a novel technology-driven intergenerational intervention targeting physical activity and age stereotypes, and ii) identify any potential issues with recruitment and retention...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536846/social-contact-as-a-strategy-to-reduce-stigma-in-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-systematic-review-and-expert-perspectives
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlijn Damsté, Petra C Gronholm, Tjitske de Groot, Dristy Gurung, Akerke Makhmud, Ruth M H Peters, Kim Hartog
Social contact (SC) has been identified as a promising strategy for stigma reduction. Different types of SC exist. Various scholars defined positive factors to strengthen SC. This study aims to investigate the application and effectiveness of SC as a strategy to reduce stigmatisation across stigmas, settings and populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We specifically examine the use of positive factors. A systematic review was conducted in twelve electronic databases using key terms related to stigma AND social contact AND intervention AND LMICs...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536837/examining-the-longitudinal-associations-between-activity-limitations-instrumental-supports-and-social-participation-in-osteoarthritis-a-clsa-population-based-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony V Perruccio, Calvin Yip, J Denise Power, Mayilee Canizares, Elizabeth M Badley
OBJECTIVE: In osteoarthritis (OA) research, disability is largely studied within the context of activities of daily living. Broader consequences for social participation are often overlooked. In prior work, instrumental supports received and their perceived availability were shown to play a role in the maintenance of social participation. Two indicators of social participation were identified, diversity and intensity. The current study extends the findings from this prior cross-sectional work by examining these relationships longitudinally...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536810/caregivers-of-children-with-hiv-in-botswana-prefer-monthly-iv-broadly-neutralizing-antibodies-bnabs-to-daily-oral-art
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maureen Sakoi-Mosetlhi, Gbolahan Ajibola, Roxanna Haghighat, Oganne Batlang, Kenneth Maswabi, Molly Pretorius-Holme, Kathleen M Powis, Shahin Lockman, Joseph Makhema, Mathias Litcherfeld, Daniel R Kuritzkes, Roger Shapiro
INTRODUCTION: Monthly intravenous infusion of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies may be an attractive alternative to daily oral antiretroviral treatment for children living with HIV. However, acceptability among caregivers remains unknown. METHODS: We evaluated monthly infusion of dual bNAbs (VRCO1LS and 10-1074) as a treatment alternative to ART among children participating in the Tatelo Study in Botswana. Eligible children aged 2-5 years received 8-32 weeks of bNAbs overlapping with ART, and up to 24 weeks of bNAbs alone as monthly intravenous infusion...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536799/pubertal-timing-a-life-course-pathway-linking-early-life-risk-to-adulthood-cardiometabolic-health
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria E Bleil, Bradley M Appelhans, Steven E Gregorich, Robert A Hiatt, Glenn I Roisman, Cathryn Booth-LaForce
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a series of prospective life course models testing whether the timing of pubertal development is a pathway through which prepubertal risk factors may influence adulthood cardiometabolic health. METHODS: Subjects were 655 female participants in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) and recent SECCYD 30-year follow-up, the Study of Health in Early and Adult Life (SHINE). Prepubertal risk factors included maternal menarcheal age, child race/ethnicity, child health status indicators, and child adversity indicators...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536792/progress-and-challenges-in-achieving-tuberculosis-elimination-in-india-by-2025-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abhishek Padhi, Ashwini Agarwal, Mayuri Bhise, Anil Chaudhary, Krupal Joshi, C D S Katoch
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant public health challenge in India, which is home to one of the highest TB burdens worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis will aim to synthesize the anticipated progress and potential challenges in achieving TB elimination in India by 2025. METHODS: A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536790/cause-and-preventability-of-in-hospital-mortality-after-pci-a-statewide-root-cause-analysis-of-1-163-deaths
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesco Moroni, Milan Seth, Hameem U Changezi, Milind Karve, Dilip S Arora, Manoj Sharma, Elizabeth Pielsticker, Aaron D Berman, Daniel Lee, M Imran Qureshi, Lorenzo Azzalini, Devraj Sukul, Hitinder S Gurm
BACKGROUND: Mortality is the most devastating complication of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Identifying the most common causes and mechanisms of death after PCI in contemporary practice is an important step in further reducing periprocedural mortality. OBJECTIVES: To systematically analyze the cause and circumstances of in-hospital mortality in a large, multi-center, statewide cohort. METHODS: In-hospital deaths after PCI occurring at 39 hospitals included in the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) between 2012 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed using validated methods...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536787/multiple-cardiovascular-risk-factor-care-in-55-low-and-middle-income-countries-a-cross-sectional-analysis-of-nationally-representative-individual-level-data-from-280-783-adults
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alpha Oumar Diallo, Maja E Marcus, David Flood, Michaela Theilmann, Nicholas E Rahim, Alan Kinlaw, Nora Franceschini, Til Stürmer, Dessie V Tien, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Kokou Agoudavi, Glennis Andall-Brereton, Krishna Aryal, Silver Bahendeka, Brice Bicaba, Pascal Bovet, Maria Dorobantu, Farshad Farzadfar, Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari, Gladwell Gathecha, David Guwatudde, Mongal Gurung, Corine Houehanou, Dismand Houinato, Nahla Hwalla, Jutta Jorgensen, Gibson Kagaruki, Khem Karki, Joao Martins, Mary Mayige, Roy Wong McClure, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Omar Mwalim, Kibachio Joseph Mwangi, Bolormaa Norov, Sarah Quesnel-Crooks, Abla Sibai, Lela Sturua, Lindiwe Tsabedze, Chea Wesseh, Pascal Geldsetzer, Rifat Atun, Sebastian Vollmer, Till Bärnighausen, Justine Davies, Mohammed K Ali, Jacqueline A Seiglie, Emily W Gower, Jennifer Manne-Goehler
The prevalence of multiple age-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is high among individuals living in low- and middle-income countries. We described receipt of healthcare services for and management of hypertension and diabetes among individuals living with these conditions using individual-level data from 55 nationally representative population-based surveys (2009-2019) with measured blood pressure (BP) and diabetes biomarker. We restricted our analysis to non-pregnant individuals aged 40-69 years and defined three mutually exclusive groups (i...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536771/challenges-and-coping-strategies-of-older-adults-in-the-aftermath-of-kahramanmara%C3%A5-earthquake-in-t%C3%A3-rkiye-a-qualitative-research
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nilgun Kuru Alici, Bilge Kalanlar
The aim of this study was to explore the post-earthquake experiences, difficulties, and coping strategies of older adults who experienced the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye in 2023. This research was designed as a qualitative descriptive study. The study was conducted with 21 (13 female and 8 male) older adults and the mean age of the participants was 70.2 (in the range of 65-85). In line with the data obtained from the participants, " Fulfilling Basic Needs of Older Adults, Emotional Turmoil in Later Life, Healthcare Disparities in Aging, Adaptive Response of Older Adults" themes and sub-themes related to the theme were formed...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Applied Gerontology: the Official Journal of the Southern Gerontological Society
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