nutrición

In Brazil, the promotion, protection, and recovery of health are among the initiatives provided by the public and universal Unified Health System (SUS). The primary healthcare level (PHC), the preferred point of access to the system, plays the role of coordinating and ordinating health care services and actions in the network. In the context of PHC, feeding and nutrition efforts must be aligned with National Feeding and Nutrition Policy (PNAN) guidelines and may be supported by feeding and nutritional surveillance actions...

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of therapy with cardiovascular benefit in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to internal medicine departments. METHODS: One day, cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalised in internal medicine departments. We recorded demographic and anthropometric variables, laboratory data and use of antihyperglycaemic drugs. The endpoint was the proportion and determinants of the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA)...

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Infection with the dengue virus alone occurs in an estimated 400 million people each year. Likelihood of infection with a virus transmitted by Ae. aegypti is most commonly attributed to abundance of the mosquito. However, the Arizona-Sonora desert region has abundant Ae. aegypti in most urban areas, yet local transmission of these arboviruses has not been reported in many of these cities. Previous work examined the role of differential Ae...

The present study aimed to (a) establish the frequency of consumption of red meat and eggs; (b) determine serum ferritin levels (μg/l); and (c) establish the relationship between serum ferritin and the consumption of red meat and eggs. In Colombia during 2014-2018, an analytical study was conducted in 13 243 Colombian children between the ages of 5 and 17 years, based on cross-sectional data compiled by ENSIN-2015 (Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia-2015) on serum ferritin levels and dietary consumption based on a questionnaire of the frequency of consumption...

Objective: To identify the food industry's arguments against front-of-package nutrition labels in Uruguay. Methods: Content analysis and inductive coding were applied to the comments made by the food industry during the public consultation on the draft decree regulating the inclusion of front-of-package nutrition labels (warnings) in Uruguay. Results: Most of the comments expressed concern about the high prevalence of obesity and noncommunicable diseases in the country and emphasized a commitment to implementing actions to help combat these health problems...

OBJECTIVE: To identifiy the energy contribution (EC) of the food consumed in those older than five years and by sociodemographic characteristics in Mexican population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 24-hour recalls from 7 983 subjects ≥5 years included in the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012 (Ensanut 2012). The EC to total daily energy intake of 50 foods allocated to eight food groups at national level and stratified by age, area of residence, region and socioeconomic level was estimated...

The present study aimed to assess energy intake, nutrient profile and food sources in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI ("Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española") study. Plausibility of energy intake and adequacy of nutrient intakes to international recommendations were analyzed in a final sample of 1448 subjects (728 boys and 720 girls) and one group representative of the 1 to <10 years old urban Spanish children (reference sample ( n = 707)) who consumed milk and one of the same age who consumed adapted milk over the last year (adapted milk consumers sample ( n = 741)) were compared...

Worldwide studies of physical activity and sedentary time have historically under-represented low- and middle-income countries due to the lack of surveillance data. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methods and procedures used for the assessment of physical activity and sedentary time in the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health ( Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud ; ELANS). ELANS is a multicentre, cross-sectional and surveillance study of a nationally representative sample from eight Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela...

BACKGROUND: While the impact of metformin in hepatocytes leads to fatty acid (FA) oxidation and decreased lipogenesis, hepatic microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with fat overload and impaired metabolism, contributing to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: We investigated the expression of hundreds of miRNAs in primary hepatocytes challenged by compounds modulating steatosis, palmitic acid and compound C (as inducers), and metformin (as an inhibitor)...

INTRODUCTION: This study was promoted by Sociedad Castellano-Manchega de Endocrinología, Nutrición y Diabetes to ascertain the characteristics of patients seen at the outpatient clinics of endocrinology and nutrition of the Castilla-La Mancha Health System and the case mix of diagnoses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of the activity of the endocrinology and nutrition outpatient clinics of public hospitals of Castilla-La Mancha during 2018...

OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence of cancer after renal transplantation at a referral center in a developing country. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients receiving renal transplantations during a 48-year period at Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran were analyzed. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated based on data from GLOBOCAN 2012. RESULTS: From 1257 patients, 98 (8%) developed 143 malignancies...

Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction (BID) has been inversely associated with breastfeeding initiation particularly among women with obesity. However, less is known on BID and the association with maintaining breastfeeding in Mexico, where breastfeeding rate is decreasing across ethnic subgroups. Therefore, we explore this gap of knowledge in diverse ethnic subgroups across levels of maternal weight status. Methods: Data were derived from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición [ENSANUT] 2012), and 10,466 women aged 20-49 years were included...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize medical care and self-care actions in a population with diabetes in locations smaller than 100 000 inhabitants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With information from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 100k (Ensanut 100k), two logistic regression models were obtained: not performing five basic actions in the last consultation and not taking priority self-care actions. RESULTS: Having low schooling, belonging to the low economic stratum, and speaking indigenous language, increase the probability of not taking self-care actions...

OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in the magnitude of food insecurity (FI) in Mexican households in poverty from 2012 to 2018 and to analyze the association of FI with the access, availability and consumption of food. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on 4 464 households were drawn from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición in Mexican localities under 100 000 inhabitants (Ensanut 100k). We measured FI according to the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale and analyzed food access and availability on the basis of food expenditures while consumption through dietary diversity among women...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare vaccination coverage among children aged 12-23 and 24-35 months living in localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants in Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2012 and Ensanut 100k (2018). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Estimate of coverage with both surveys. RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2018, according to proof and self-report, the coverage of the basic scheme was maintained in children aged 12-23 (51...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) and acute diarrheal disease (ADD) among children younger than five years of age living in localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants in Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2012 and Ensanut 100k (2018). In Ensanut 100k, we evaluate the associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of both surveys and of the Mexican Meteorological System. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of ARI was 45...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate early childhood development (ECD) and its determinants in 12 to 59 months old children residents of communities <100 000 inhabitants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición of communities <100 000 inhabitants (Ensanut 100k) evaluated language level, access to ECD care services and standardized indicators of the eight quality of the development environment. We report indicator prevalence and standardized language scores according to variables of interest...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the adolescent motherhood trend and associated factors in under-100 000-inhabitants communities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of 16 686 women in under-100 000-inhabitants communities in Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2006, 2012 and 100k 2018. We adjusted robust Poisson models with adolescent motherhood as dependent variable for women aged 12-19 and 20-24. RESULTS: Attending school and using modern contraceptives decrease adolescent motherhood prevalence in both age groups...

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the demand for public services among the population living in localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used data from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2018. We characterize the primary health care cascade and estimated probit models on the probability of receiving care. RESULTS: Among the population that reported a health problem, only 32% received care from a public institution...