Inferior parietal lobule

Radon is a naturally occurring gas that contributes significantly to radiation in the environment and is the second leading cause of lung cancer globally. Previous studies have shown that other environmental toxins have deleterious effects on brain development, though radon has not been studied as thoroughly in this context. This study examined the impact of home radon exposure on the neural oscillatory activity serving attention reorientation in youths. Fifty-six participants (ages 6-14 years) completed a classic Posner cuing task during magnetoencephalography (MEG), and home radon levels were measured for each participant...

PURPOSE: To explore white matter network topological properties changes in middle-aged and elderly patients with functional constipation (Functional Constipation, FC) by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and to evaluate the correlation between the abnormal changes and clinical data. METHODS: 29 FC patients and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data were collected. The white matter network changes in FC patients were analyzed using deterministic fiber tracking methods, graph theory algorithms, and partial correlation analysis with clinical data...

Previous studies have a lack of meta-analytic studies comparing the trait (personality) envy, social comparison envy, and love-envy, and the understanding of the similarities and differences in the neural mechanisms behind them is relatively unclear. A meta-analysis of activation likelihood estimates was conducted using 13 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Studies first used single meta-analyses to identify brain activation areas for the three envy types. Further, joint and comparative analyses were followed to assess the common and unique neural activities among the three envy types...

BACKGROUND: Patients with age-related hearing loss (ARHL) often struggle with tracking and locating sound sources, but the neural signature associated with these impairments remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a passive listening task with stimuli from five different horizontal directions in functional magnetic resonance imaging, we defined functional regions of interest (ROIs) of the auditory "where" pathway based on the data of previous literatures and young normal hearing listeners ( n = 20)...

BACKGROUND: Gait disturbance is common in older adults with vascular diseases. However, how carotid atherosclerosis affects gait remains poorly understood. The objectives were to investigate the associations between carotid intima-media thickness and specific gait performances and explore the potential role of brain structure in mediating these associations. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the Taizhou Imaging Study was conducted, including 707 individuals who underwent both gait and carotid ultrasound examinations...

BACKGROUND: The topography of arterial territories has been defined using digital maps of supratentorial infarcts. Regions with a high probability of infarction (Pi) exist in the deep compartment due to a paucity of collaterals. However, less attention has been given to regions with a low Pi. METHODS: Using published digital maps, patients with cortical stroke and documented vessel occlusion were included. Infarcts from T2 -weighted magnetic resonance images were segmented and registered onto a standard brain template (Montreal Neurological Institute 152)...

PURPOSE: We sought to use the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) method to investigate the changes in spontaneous brain activity in CSM patients and their relationships with clinical features. METHODS: We recruited 20 patients with CSM, and 20 healthy controls (HCs) matched for age, sex, and education status. The fALFF method was used to evaluate the altered spontaneous brain activities. The Pearson correlation analysis of fALFF and the clinical features were carried out...

BACKGROUND: The dynamics of global, state-dependent reconfigurations in brain connectivity are yet unclear. We aimed at assessing reconfigurations of the global signal correlation coefficient (GSCORR), a measure of the connectivity between each voxel timeseries and the global signal, from resting-state to a stop-signal task. The secondary aim was to assess the relationship between GSCORR and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activations or deactivation across three different trial-conditions (GO, STOP-correct, and STOP-incorrect)...

Illusory neuropsychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations or the feeling of a presence (FOP) can occur in diffuse brain lesion or dysfunction, in psychiatric diseases as well as in healthy individuals. Their occurrence due to focal brain lesions is rare, most probably due to underreporting, which limits progress in understanding their underlying mechanisms and anatomical determinants. In this single case study, an 86-year-old patient experienced, in the context of an acute right central opercular ischemic stroke, visual hallucinatory symptoms (including palinopsia), differently lateralized auditory hallucinations and FOP...

An exceptional ability to accurately anticipate an opponent's action is paramount for competitive athletes and highlights their experiential mastery. Despite conventional associations of action observation with specific brain regions, neuroimaging discrepancies persist. To explore the brain regions and neural mechanisms undergirding action anticipation, we compared distinct brain activation patterns involved in table tennis serve anticipation of expert table tennis athletes vs. non-experts by using both univariate analysis and multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA)...

INTRODUCTION: The connectivity of the temporoparietal (TP) region has been the subject of multiple anatomical and functional studies. Its role in high cognitive functions has been primarily correlated with long association fiber connections. As a major sensory integration hub, coactivation of areas within the TP requires a stream of short association fibers running between its subregions. The latter have been the subject of a small number of recent in vivo and cadaveric studies. This has resulted in limited understanding of this network and, in certain occasions, terminology ambiguity...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate brain areas mediated by oral anti-parkinsonian medicine that consistently show abnormal resting-state activation in PD and to reveal their functional connectivity profiles using meta-analytic approaches. METHODS: Searches of the PubMed, Web of Science databases identified 78 neuroimaging studies including PD OFF state (PD-OFF) versus (vs.) PD ON state (PD-ON) or PD-ON versus healthy controls (HCs) or PD-OFF versus HCs data...

Dance and music are well known to improve sensorimotor skills and cognitive functions. To reveal the underlying mechanism, previous studies focus on the brain plastic structural and functional effects of dance and music training. However, the discrepancy training effects on brain structure-function relationship are still blurred. Thus, proficient dancers, musicians, and controls were recruited in this study. The graph signal processing framework was employed to quantify the region-level and network-level relationship between brain function and structure...

We aimed to elucidate the neurobiological basis of depression in Parkinson's disease and identify potential imaging markers for depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. We recruited 43 normal controls (NC), 46 depressed Parkinson's disease patients (DPD) and 56 non-depressed Parkinson's disease (NDPD). All participants underwent routine T2-weighted, T2Flair, and resting-state scans on the same 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner at our hospital. Pre-processing includes calculating surface-based Regional Homogeneity (2DReHo) and cortical thickness...

Unselfishness is admired, especially when collaborations between groups of various scales are urgently needed. However, its neural mechanisms remain elusive. In a tri-MRI dyad-hyperscanning experiment involving 26 groups, each containing 4 participants as two rotating pairs in a coordination game, we sought to achieve reciprocity, or "winning in turn by the two interacting players," as the precursor to unselfishness. Due to its critical role in social processing, the right temporal-parietal junction (rTPJ) was the seed for both time domain (connectivity) and frequency domain (i...

BACKGROUND: Sleep deprivation is a prevalent issue that impacts cognitive function. Although numerous neuroimaging studies have explored the neural correlates of sleep loss, inconsistencies persist in the reported results, necessitating an investigation into the consistent brain functional changes resulting from sleep loss. AIM: To establish the consistency of brain functional alterations associated with sleep deprivation through systematic searches of neuroimaging databases...

Aberrant susceptibility due to iron level abnormality and brain network disconnections are observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with disrupted iron homeostasis hypothesized to be linked to AD pathology and neuronal loss. However, whether associations exist between abnormal quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), brain atrophy, and altered brain connectome in AD remains unclear. Based on multi-parametric brain imaging data from 30 AD patients and 26 healthy controls enrolled at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, we investigated the abnormality of the QSM signal and volumetric measure across 246 brain regions in AD patients...

AIM: The effective connectivity between the striatum and cerebral cortex has not been fully investigated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our objective was to explore the interaction effects between diagnosis and age on disrupted corticostriatal effective connectivity and to represent the modulation function of altered connectivity pathways in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS: We performed Granger causality analysis on 300 participants from a publicly available Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-200 dataset...

AIM: To investigate the alterations of functional brain activity and connectivity in female nurses working on long-term shifts and explore their correlations with work-related psychological traits. DESIGN: An exploratory cross-sectional study. METHODS: Thirty-five female nurses working on long-term shifts (shift nurses) and 35 female nurses working on fixed days (fixed nurses) were enrolled. After assessing the work-related psychological traits, including burnout, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression of nurses, the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and region of interest (ROI)-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses were performed to investigate the differences of brain spontaneous activity and functional connectivity between these two groups of nurses...

INTRODUCTION: The main objective of this research is to explore the core cognitive mechanisms utilized by exceptionally skilled percussionists as they navigate complex rhythms. Our specific focus is on understanding the dynamic interactions among brain regions, respectively, related to externally directed cognition (EDC), internally directed cognition (IDC), and rhythm processing, defined as the neural correlates of rhythm processing (NCRP). METHODS: The research involved 26 participants each in the percussionist group (PG) and control group (CG), who underwent task-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions focusing on rhythm encoding and synchronization...