Atopic march

Atopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. We review emerging concepts and clinical evidence addressing the pathogenesis and prevention of atopic dermatitis. We review several interventions ranging from skin barrier enhancement strategies; probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, and conversely, antimicrobial exposure; vitamin D and omega fatty acid supplementation; breastfeeding and hydrolyzed formula; house dust mite avoidance and immunotherapy...

BACKGROUND: The complexity, high prevalence, and substantial personal and socioeconomic burden collectively render atopic dermatitis (AD) a major public health concern. Using crowdsourced Internet data has the potential to provide unique insights into this concern, as demonstrated by several previous studies. However, a comprehensive comparison across European countries remains lacking. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate AD-related web searches across Europe to assess spatiotemporal variations and associations between disease-related and external factors...

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an important cytokine that invokes early immune responses. TSLP, an IL-7-like cytokine encoded by the TSLP gene, activates JAK1 and JAK2 signaling pathways, stimulating dendritic cells to induce inflammatory Th2 cells. This cytokine is associated with pruritus in various cutaneous disorders, particularly atopic dermatitis. Varying levels of the cytokine TSLP have been demonstrated in studies of different cutaneous disorders. Pharmacological treatment targeting TSLP has been explored recently, particularly in the realm of atopic dermatitis...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common form of chronic skin inflammation with diverse clinical variants. Historically, various AD phenotypes have been grouped together without considering their heterogeneity. This approach has resulted in a lack of phenotype- and endotype-adapted therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive insights into AD pathogenesis have enabled precise medicinal approach for AD. These efforts aimed to redefine the endophenotype of AD and develop various biomarkers for diverse purposes. Among these endeavours, efforts are underway to elucidate the mechanisms (and related biomarkers) that lead to the emergence and progression of atopic diseases originating from AD (e...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Respiratory viral infections increase risk of asthma in infants and children. Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can cause severe lung inflammation and prolonged respiratory symptoms. We sought to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 infection modified pediatric incident asthma risk. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study examined children ages 1 to 16 within the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Care Network who received polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for SARS-CoV-2 between March 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021...

BACKGROUND: Pediatricians are often the first point of contact for children in Primary Care (PC), but still perceive gaps in their allergy knowledge. We investigated self-perceived knowledge gaps and educational needs in pediatricians across healthcare systems in Europe so that future educational initiatives may better support the delivery of allergy services in PC. METHOD: A multinational survey was circulated to pediatricians who care for children and adolescents with allergy problems in PC by the EAACI Allergy Educational Needs in Primary Care Pediatricians Task Force from February to March 2023...

<u> Background: </u> Mutations in filaggrin (FLG), the gene that codes for the skin barrier protein, have been shown to be associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). <u> Objective: </u> The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of genetic counseling and parental education on infants at a high risk of AD. <u> Methods: </u> We enrolled 7521 newborns in Taiwan from January 1, 2016, to March 30, 2020, and all of them received genetic testing encompassing 20 known FLG mutations...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to explore role of emerging biologics, including ligelizumab, UB-221, dupilumab, and antialarmins, in food allergy management. With a focus on recent developments, we evaluate their promise in mitigating adverse events during oral immunotherapy (OIT), reducing allergic reactions, and addressing the limitations of current therapeutic options. RECENT FINDINGS: Antiimmunoglobulin E mAbs, exemplified by omalizumab, demonstrate efficacy in desensitization and safety improvement during multiallergen OIT...

<u> Background: </u> Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, our clinic has encountered numerous patients who report that either COVID-19 vaccination or infection was the precipitating event for their development of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Up to this time, there is no formal investigation regarding COVID-19 vaccination or infection causing ACD. However, there have been several registry-based case series of associated dermatoses after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. <u> Objective: </u> This study aimed to describe patient-reported associations between COVID-19 infection or vaccination and onset of ACD...

BACKGROUND: Over the past few decades, allergic diseases have become more prevalent and impact around 20% of the global population. There is clinical significance of allergic march as it places a burden on the quality of life of children and their families. OBJECTIVES: To assess the current situation of allergy conditions experienced by children attending elementary and junior high schools in Oyama and Tochigi cities, Japan. METHODS: A letter was sent to parents informing them about an opt-in online survey concerning children's allergies along with a weblink and a QR code...

INTRODUCTION: The 2021 US approval of ruxolitinib cream for treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in patients aged ≥ 12 years was based on the results of two pivotal phase 3 studies. Currently, real-world data to describe effectiveness of ruxolitinib cream and physician satisfaction with treatment remain limited. Our objective is to describe disease control among adults with mild to moderate AD prescribed ruxolitinib cream and physician satisfaction with treatment...

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by allergen exposures and estimated to affect ∼20% of children. Children in urban areas have a higher prevalence of AD compared with those living outside of urban areas. AD is believed to lead to asthma development as part of the "atopic march." Objective: Our objective was to determine the sequential and chronological relationships between AD and asthma for children in an under-resourced community. Methods: The progression from AD to asthma in the under-resourced, urban community of Sun Valley, Colorado, was examined by assessing Medicaid data for the years 2016 to 2019 for a diagnosis of AD or asthma in children 6 and 7 years old...

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) typically starts in infancy and early childhood. The chronic skin disorder is associated with recurrent flares, pruritus, and genetic predisposition. Daily use of moisturizers that contain lipids, such as ceramides, reduces the rate of AD flares and the need for topical steroid treatment. We aimed to provide insights on AD attenuation to tailor AD prescription therapy, skin care, and maintenance treatment to improve pediatric patients with AD and families...

BACKGROUND: The atopic march refers to the co-expression and progression of atopic diseases in childhood, often beginning with atopic dermatitis, although children may not "progress" through each atopic disease. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that future atopic disease expression is modified by atopic dermatitis phenotype, and that these differences result from underlying dysregulation of cytokine signaling. METHODS: Children (n=285) were enrolled into the Childhood Origins of ASThma birth cohort and followed prospectively...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) places a burden on work productivity. Recently, dupilumab was approved for AD, but its impact on work productivity in Japanese patients has not been reported. Furthermore, data on the effect of long-term treatment with dupilumab on work productivity are limited. We investigated the work productivity and activity in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe AD, utilizing the Japanese version of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI-AD-Japan) questionnaire. Furthermore, we examined the impact of dupilumab on work productivity...

INTRODUCTION: Tape-strips, a minimally invasive method validated for the evaluation of several skin diseases, may help identify asthma-specific biomarkers in the skin of children with allergic asthma. METHODS: Skin tape-strips were obtained and analyzed with RNA-Seq from children with moderate allergic asthma (MAA) (n = 11, mean age 7.00; SD = 1.67), severe allergic asthma (SAA) (n = 9, mean age 9.11; SD = 2...

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition, often multifactorial in origin, and most commonly manifests during childhood. Although there remains a deficit in literature, current data suggest Honduras may have the highest prevalence and severity of AD among all Latin American countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the current prevalence of pediatric AD in Honduras and evaluate existing gaps in available literature to monitor disease burden. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed in March 2023...

<u> Abstracts: Background: </u> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic dermatological condition that affects both patients and their caregivers. <u> Aims: </u> To summarize evidence on the impact of AD on the quality of life (QoL) of caregiver. <u> Methods: </u> Observational studies were searched for in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and CINAHL databases up till March 1, 2023. <u> Results: </u> Seventy studies with a total of 33,291 study participants were identified...

Given the lack of head-to-head studies of novel non-steroidal molecule topical therapies in mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (AD), network meta-analyses (NMAs) can provide comparative efficacy and safety data for clinical decision-making. In this NMA, we performed a literature search until 01 March 2023 for eligible studies written in English using databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Only double-blind randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with topical Ruxolitinib, Crisaborole, or Tapinarof versus vehicle for patients with mild-to-moderate AD were included...

Erythroderma is a condition characterized by erythema affecting at least 90% of the skin surface area. It can be caused by various underlying conditions. Due to nonspecific clinical and laboratory findings, determining the cause may pose a challenge. In the retrospective study, we identified 212 patients hospitalized for erythroderma in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology at Wroclaw Medical University between January 2012 and March 2022. Clinical, laboratory, and histopathological features, as well as the management of patients, were studied...